Sheepfold.-P. 239. "No manure is procured by folding of sheep; that practice not obtaining in any part of the riding." WHEAT.-Smut. I insert the following information on Mr. Tuke's authority.-P. 111. "A farmer in Devonshire made a very valuable discovery a few years ago, of the means by which this disease is propagated, and of the cure for it, which he proved by experiment at Lingcroft, as well as at several other places, to my full satisfaction. As the remedy is perfectly simple, and the use of arsenic is at all times so dangerous, and so many accidents have happened in consequence of it, it is the more desirable that the practice should be known and adopted; nothing more is required, than that the wheat should be thoroughly washed, and in several waters, if it appear necessary. He proved the effect of it in the following manner" he took a small quanty of wheat of my own growth, not entirely free from the disease, then mixing some powder of the smut with two thirds of it, he divided these again into two parts, one of which he washed clean, after which the three samples were sown in three rows in my garden. The result was, that the row of washed corn was perfectly free from smut; the row of smutted corn not washed, was generally smutty; and that which was sown in its original state, had a few smutted ears in it. I have continued this practice ever since, and have not known it fail. Whatever may be the original cause of the complaint the above experiment proves, that it is continued by some portion of the diseased plant adhering to the seed." OATS.-P. 127. "Much of the oats intended for bread, are purchased by weight, and a sort of standard fixed, which seems to point out the necessary quality for the purpose, much below which they will not answer for the purpose of making oatmeal. These oats are expected to weigh twenty-four stone to the quarter, and many grown on the mudlands of the vale vale of Pickering, and that neighbourhood, weigh considerably more: twenty-four stone in some markets are called a quarter, and if they do not weigh that, so much more in measure must be delivered as will make up that weight." BEANS.What follows is contained in a note, signed J. T.-I do not select it, for the neatness or perspicuity of the language, but because it points out a convenient method of getting drill beans into the ground early, in a moist situation, and a wet season. N. p. 129. "In the marsh lands below Howden, they have an excellent mode of cultivating beans. Previous to sowing, the land is set out in one bout ridges, causing them to roll into the furrow; they are covered by harrowing the land over; weeds are destroyed whilst the beans are small, by harrowing which, also serves for an earthing of the beans, and the intermediate spaces are afterwards ploughed as there is occasion. This is making beans a perfect fallow crop. FLAX.-P. 160. By the records of the North Riding, it appears that the following bounties have been paid for the cultivation of this crop, for the last ten years: "In the year 1783 £. s. d. 112 14 2 1784 and 85 These sums I insert on Mr. Tuke's authority. TEASELS (Dipsacus fullonum).-This is an article of field produce, of which I have had no experience. I therefore thank Mr. T. for the information he has furnished, furnished, respecting it: especially, as he has given it in my own way. I register it, here, on his word. P. 166.- Soil, and Preparation.-Teasles will only answer upon a strong soil: if the land is fresh, they do not require much manure: they are frequently sown upon pared and burnt land, as well as upon land ploughed out of swarth, and also after a winter and spring fallow. *Seed, and Time of Sowing-Sow from one to two pecks of seed per acre, a little before May-day. "Culture whilst growing.-The surface of the ground, to the depth of about once inch and a half, is turned over with spades three times, viz. in June, October, and about Lady-day, at an expense of about 20s. per acre each time. "The plants are set out at about a foot distance, in the first operation. "Harvesting, and preparing for Market. They are fit to reap, in the latter end of August, or beginning of September: this is done by cutting them off with about nine inches of stalk, and at the expense of 6s, per thousand bunches; they are then tied up for 55. per thousand; each bunch containing ten teasles. "Produce.-Ten packs per acre is a good crop; each pack containing 1350 bunches. "Price.-From three to five guineas per pack. In West Yorkshire, this crop, probably, forms an ordinary article of culture. The teasel is, even yet, I believe, essentially instrumental to the woolen cloth manufacture. POTATOES.-Disease of curled tops.-There is much plausibility in the following remarks on this disease.P. 151. The circumstance of this disease being unknown in America, points out the probability of its originating in a natural degeneracy, the consequence of long cultivation in a climate uncongenial to the plant, and the want of attention in not recurring to the native country for a change of seeds; and this conjecture is much strengthened by the certain fact, that that where potatoes for planting have been procured of late years from America, no alteration is yet known to have taken place in them, though cultivated for ten or fifteen years; they continuing during that time to be as productive as when first introduced, and not suffering any perceptible change." Facts, in point, are fully established in the vale of Pickering. Facts which probably gave rise to the above-quoted remarks. The descendants of potatoes imported from New York, about the year 1783, still remain free from the curl:-while the other varieties, cultivated in the vale, are more or less liable to it. But may not much, or the whole, of this difference arise from the inherent qualities of these several varieties? The "American potatoes" are of a comparatively austere and earthy nature;-are devoid of that smooth mellow texture, and fine farinaceous quality, which the modern varieties of England mostly possess; and which may render them acceptible, as a nidus, to the insect which is the probable efficient cause of the disease. Cleaning the Crop.-The following well described method, of ordering the crop, is entitled to attention. P. 152.-" As soon as the plants begin to make their appearance above ground, the ridges are harrowed down, and are suffered to remain in that state about a week, when the weeds will again begin to appear; the ridges are then earthed up, and in a week or two as much of the earth from the sides of them is ploughed down, as can be done without leaving the roots too bare; after this, the tops of the ridges are carefully hand-hoed, and the earth which was ploughed from the ridges is again ploughed to them; if after wards weeds should grow, they are again hand-hoed or weeded, after which, the earth is drawn up to the top of the ridges. The tops of the potatoes having by this time got to a considerable size, soon overcome all weeds, and consequently require no further attention till the time of taking up. Ii BULBOUS BULBOUS RAPE.-In a note, p. 342,-Anonymous remarks, that, "if ruta-baga, turnip-rooted cabbage, &c. are left on the ground till May, the farmer should have a mode pointed out, of getting his land again into the usual course; preparing it for wheat the succeeding autumn, that is, two fallows running, is what few will submit to, and would also throw a part of a field, all that need be devoted to such a crop, into a different course. Buck-wheat was sown this year (1794) after turnip-rooted cabbage, and it answered well."-Mr. Tuke's reply, to those remarks, are judicious.-N. p. 343.-"Ruta-baga may be pulled and dressed in spring, and laid by to be used as wanted: it may this way be preserved until Midsummer; and the land on which it grew is thereby set at liberty to be cropped; but if this practice is not thought fit to be adopted, and the whole field is wished to be kept in the same state of cultivation, that part which had been cropped with ruta-baga, might be sown with buck-wheat and grass-seeds, or with grass-seeds alone, the remainder of the field which was turnips, being supposed to be sown with oats or barley, and grassseeds: thus the whole field would be kept in a similar state of cultivation." CULTIVATED HERBAGE.—Succession.-P. 171. "Grass-seeds are chiefly sown, with the intention of the land remaining permanently in grass; and this is often done with the second, crop of corn after a fallow, when the land is become foul and exhausted; nevertheless, there are several farmers who sow their grass-seed with the first crop after a fallow or turnips, and a few in the midland quarter of the vale of Pickering, who sow them upon a spring fallow, without corn, upon strong land, and find it answer much better than sowing them with corn. There is a very evident superiority in favor of this practice, when compared with the other. "The method is, to sow the grass-seed as soon in spring as the land can be made fit; the tops of the weeds |