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J. R. H. also points out that "the diarist splits his "" infinitives." This may be distressing, but the fact does not affect the authenticity of the diary, for Englishmen have been splitting their infinitives for over six hundred years: American Journal of Philology, 1882, iii.

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Finally, in Feb., 1827, the diarist wrote: "We dined with the Duke of Devonshire yesterday. Snappy Charles Greville, always asking questions and taking notes, was there. A book called 'Vivian Grey appeared last year. There were many surmises as to who the author was It now turns out to be by a quite unknown youth called Disraeli, a Jew. Greville had the audacity to say that he knew who the author was from the first " (p. 167). On this passage J. R. H. comments: "In the light of that unknown youth's subsequent history, it seems an odd circumstance that his maiden essay in fiction should be the only contemporary book to be mentioned by the diarist; and one is almost tempted to doubt whether the paragraph

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Iwas indeed written a century ago. Surely, it is unreasonable to expect a man writing in 1827 to anticipate that unknown youth's subsequent history"; nor must it be forgotten that James Gallatin, though bright enough, was not bookish, and, though his father thought well of " Vivian Grey,' there is no evidence that James had read it. He spoke of it merely because he had met Charles Greville, who had talked about it. To me the passage rings true, for it is exactly what one would expect James Gallatin to say.

Diaries cannot be scrutinized too closely. Some stand the test well; others do not. Thus all entries in Pepys' diary were, so far as I am aware, written on the dates assigned; but many passages in John Evelyn's diary were not written until long after the dates attached to them. I read James Gallatin's diary soon after its publication and have just re-read it, with J. R. H.'s criticisms in mind; and in my opinion every entry was written on the date specified.

ALBERT MATTHEWS.

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I wrote the preface to the third edition, in fact, mainly to call attention to the fact that I was now, in my third edition, rejecting the story of the Duke's ride to Wavre on the evening of the 17th.

He went on to refer to the evidence of Mr. Celtman, a barrister, who said that he remembered his father, Mr. Justice Coltman, telling the story and saying that when on a visit to Strathsfieldsay in 1838 he had heard the Duke himself tell it. That, however, amounts to no more than hearsay.

The story first appeared in print in Lockhart'sLife of Napoleon' (1835), and has since been frequently repeated; but it seems to have been forgotten that the first Earl of Ellesinere, who was closely associated with the Duke of Wellington, referred to Lockhart's statement as unfounded in a notice of the life of Blücher which he-Ellesmere-contributed to the Quarterly Review, vol. lxx. p. 464.

All the available evidence in support of the story is set forth and analysed by Mr. Ropes in the third edition of his Campaign of Waterloo,' pp. 237-242. He finishes with an extract from notes of conversations with the Duke of Wellington made by the judge Sir John Gurney, who died in 1845, in one of which it is recorded that when the Duke was asked "whether a story was true of his having ridden over to Blücher the night before the battle of Waterloo and returned on the same horse, he said: 'No; that was not so. I did not see Blücher the

day before Waterloo.'"

Monreith.

HERBERT MAXWELL.

"HOSPITALIS

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(clii. 296, 355).-John Aubrey, writing in 1678, says that "at the parish priests' houses in France, especially in Languedoc, the table-cloth is on the board all day long, and ready for what is in the house to be put thereon for strangers, travellers, friars, and pilgrims; so 'twas, I have heard my grandfather say, in his grandfather's time"-MS. in the Ashmolean Museum at Oxford, in Hone's 'Table-Book,' 1827, i. p. 390. Possibly we had a similar custom in England. We must bear in mind that Aubrey is describing English customs.

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At Kelvedon, Essex, a special chamber was provided for the entertainment of guests, and at Kingston-on-Thames a stable for six horses was attached to the vicarage house. This was no doubt needed because the one was on the high-road from London into Essex, and the other on the high-road from London into Surrey, and so westward, and the accommodation was needed for travellers. In those times there were no inns at convenient distances along the main roads of the country, nor even in the towns, except in some of the largest. Few people travelled except on business, so that hospitality was little liable to abuse; and travellers sought entertainment for man and horse at the monasteries and the parsonage houses.

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It was regarded as a duty of the clergy to entertain strangers "and to be "6 given to hospitality"; and the duty was fulfilled ungrudgingly, without fee or reward, and entailed a heavy charge upon the income of the clergy. One of the common reasons which a monastery alleges for asking the bishop to allow them to impropriate an additional benefice is that their expenditure on the entertainment of travellers is beyond their means; the country rectors, also, in their remonstrance against the exactions of the popes, complain that they will be left without means to fulfil their duty of hospitality; and the matter is very frequently alluded to and illustrated by examples of medieval history. Off the great roads, the rector would put an extra pewter platter and horn drinking-cup on the board for an accidental passenger who claimed hospitality he brought his own knife and there were no forks and gave him a liberal "shakedown" of clean straw, or at best a flock mattress, in a corner of the hall. But, just as in the monasteries it was necessary to have a special guest-house for travellers, so that they should not interfere with the seclusion of the religious, so it would seem at the rectories along the great roads it was necessary that

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Clee Saint Margaret Vicarage, Craven Arms, Shropshire. SERGEANT AT SERGEANT AT ARMS: HOUSE OF COMMONS (clii. 442).-In Drake's 'Hundred of Blackheath,' pp. 80, 85, will be found references to William Smith of Greenwich, Sergeant at Arms, ob. 12 Aug. 1621, and his son William Smith of Greenwich, Sergeant-at-Arms to Charles I, with pedigree and arms from the Visitations of Kent 1619, 1622 and 1663. R. BINGHAM ADAMS.

Part of one of the gaps in the list can be filled by Richard Powell of Ednop, or Edenhope, near Bishop's Castle, Shropshire, who, according to the Montgomeryshire Collections,' vol. xiii. and other local records, was Sergeant at Arms in the reign of Henry VIII. In the 34th year of that reign he had a grant of the chapel and tithes of Churchstoke and he served as Sheriff of Montgomeryshire in 1554-5. He married Anne, daughter of David Young, of the Moore, in the parish of Lydham, and left numerous descendants. His will is dated 1558.

There is a tradition in the district that Gen. Baden-Powell belongs to this family. G. MOUNTFORD.

The Wyberghs were a Cumberland and Westmorland family. They were connected with Clifton in the latter county from the fourteenth century William de Wybergh of St. Bees having married in 1365 Eleanor Clifton Engayne the heiress of the manor. remained in the possession of the Wyberghs till 1919 when it was sold to Lord Lonsdale.

Thomas Wybergh the second son. of Thomas Wybergh of Clifton Hall inherited the Brayton estates of the Lawsons on the death of Sir Wilfrid Lawson 10th Baronet in 1806. Thomas Wybergh was the nephew of Sir Wilfrid's wife Anne daughter of John Hartley.

Thomas Wybergh assumed the name and arms of Lawson and died without

issue in 1812 and was succeeded by his brother Wilfrid Wybergh who likewise assumed the name and arms of Lawson.

The above may enable J. V. K. to identify the Thomas Wybergh, Sergeant at Arms. 1709-1717, as it is quite probable that he belonged to this family.

H. ASKEW.

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PORTRAITS OF VOLTAIRE (clii. 387, 446).-May I be allowed to add to what I have already said on p. 446, that the Connoisseur (October, 1921) contains another article on Voltaire portraits, by R. P. Bedford. The main subject of the article is a bust by Jean Claude François Joseph Rosset, called Dupont. This artist is said to have been the first to make busts of Voltaire.

Mr. Bedford quotes the Marquis de Villette to the effect that the artist went to Ferney, probably in 1765, and the marquis was present when Voltaire took off his wig and allowed him to model his portrait while he played a game of chess. Rosset had a local reputation for carving in ivory. Rosset père is said to have been helped in his work by his three sons until 1786, when he died. His last twelve years he spent in Paris, producing many portraits from his original models. His son Jacques Joseph who died in 1828 signed the ivory bust of Voltaire in the Museum at Chambery Rosset de Saint Claude 1796." Another son François Marie (d. 1824) made a marble bust of Voltaire in the Besançon Museum, and a son, Claude Antoine (d. 1818) is said to have made so many portraits of Voltaire that he could have drawn him blind-folded.

The Rosset family all having multiplied busts of the philosopher it is not always possible to decide which of them is responsible for a particular work. Some can be attributed safely to Rosset père. One of these in marble is in the town library at Dôle, and a plaster cast of it is at Besançon.

In 1900 another bust, also in marble, was exhibited in Paris, also an alabaster statuette.

Iconographie Voltairienne' (Paris 1879) will probably be of use to MR. HAMILL if he does not already know it. Rosset is said to have made an ivory portrait for Prince Galitzin, ambassador at the court of France, and the prince had the portrait copied in biscuit-ware at Sévres.

The Victoria and Albert Museum has a portrait by Rosset père, carved in white marble just under 8 inches high. Another bust in the S. Kensington Museum signed

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Rosset " is also probably by the elder Rosset. The S. Kensington Museum also contains busts by Wedgwood, perhaps copies from Rosset. Not the least interesting of the portraits mentioned in Mr. Bedford's article is

the bust which Frederick the Great had made by Meyer in his porcelain factory in Berlin in 1774, and which he sent to Voltaire early in the

following year. This bust, with its base in scribed IMMORTALIS,' belonged to the Marquis de Villette and is now the property of the exGerman Emperor.

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W. F. JOHN TIMBRELL. Coddington Rectory, Chester. WEDNESBURY CHURCH: HARCOURT MONUMENT (clii. 388).-The visitor to Wednesbury Parish Church (St. Bartholcmew's), during the last half-century at least, has found no trace of a monument or memorial to any Harcourt. According to Shaw's History of Staffordshire,' Sir William Harcourt was buried in Wednesbury Church and his monument (which has strangely disappeared since 1798) was below the altar rails, and bore the following inscription:-"Hic jacet Gualterus Hercourte, stemmate pernobilis, virtute nobiliori qui Dominum suum assassinatorum gladiis obsessum stupenda magnanimitate (etiam in pueritia) munivit et liberavit."

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This may be translated:- "Here Walter Harcourt, though of noble birth_he was yet of more noble courage, who (when but a youth) with marvellous valour shielded and freed his master when hard pressed by the swords of assassins.

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This Harcourt was a knight and came from Tamworth. He married Mary Cumberford, the elder sister of Thomas Cumberford, Lord of Wednesbury (1555-1597). In 1605 Walter Harcourt, Knt., William Cumberford, armiger, and others are mentioned in a Final Concord in respect of lands in Tamworth, etc.

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Reference should be made to 12 S. viii. 378 where is a version of the song supplied by the late SIR WILLOUGHBY MAYCOCK, followed by a reply from Mr. Edward Sullivan. The former gives as the first line,

Bryan OʻLynn had no coat to put on. while Mr. Sullivan quotes as the first line, Bryan O'Lynn was an Irishman born. He says that "the full text of the Irish ballad on Bryan O'Lynn " will be found amongst other places, at p. 215, vol. iii. of The Poetical Works of Edward V. Kenealy' London 1879, accompanied by rhyming

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translations into Greek and Latin. parently Kenealy did the translations, as Mr. Sullivan says that he "does not seem to mention the original author's name."

SIR WILLOUGHBY MAYCOCK took his version from a penny song sheet of 186-. ROBERT PIERPOINT. HA ARTLEY COLERIDGE: SUARD (clii. 388, 431).—It is not generally known that the " schoolmaster named Suard," mentioned by MR. ARCHIBALD SPARKE at the second reference, in connexion with Hartley Coleridge, was the nephew of Jean Baptiste Antoine Suard (b. Besançon 1734, d. 1817), the distinguished perpetual secretary of the French Academy, who translated into French Robertson's History of Charles V.' Jean Baptiste's brother, who was a

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Royalist, fled to England during the Reign of Terror of the French Revolution, and married an English lady. As a youth I often met an old gentleman, James Suard, the son of the schoolmaster Suard, at the Crystal Palace Saturday concerts during the years 1879-82. He was very fond of music, and both of us became very friendly with each other. He often spoke about his father, and said he had in his possession a number of autograph letters addressed to his father by the Coleridge family, the poet Wordsworth, and Robert Southey, and was anxious to meet with a competent literary collaborator, who could assist him in the task of preparing a volume for publication on his father's friendship with three of the greatest English poets of the first half of the nineteenth century. After the year 1882, I gradually ceased going to the Crystal Palace concerts, having more urgent work on hand, and I lost sight of James Suard. I do not know what became of his collection of autograph letters.

ANDREW DE TERNANT. 36, Somerleyton Road, Brixton, S.W.

Hartley Coleridge's father Samuel Taylor Coleridge went to reside at Greta Hall in 1800 where three years later, in 1803, Southey joined him. Hartley's early years were passed under Southey's care at Greta Hall.

It was after he was judged to have forfeited his Oriel fellowship at Oxford in 1820 that Hartley Coleridge subsequent to 1822, he having spent the interim in London, became a partner in a school at Ambleside. The scholastic venture failed and in 1830 with a Leeds publisher named F. E. Bingley Coleridge entered into business__relations for the production of the biographies of Yorkshire and Lancashire worthies.

It is thus quite possible that 1800 is a misprint for 1830.

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H. ASKEW.

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THE WIFE OF CHARLES KNEVET (cxlviii, 350, 394; clii. 412).—I greatly obliged for MR. H. ASKEW's further notes on the Knevets in connection with Lucy, wife of Sir Henry Gates, Knt., of Seamer. He can find her Royal descent given, from an imperfect copy of her epitaph at Seamer taken from MS. Add. 5524, f. 28, in Nichol's Collectanea Topog. et Geneal.' vol. i. p. 396, to which I referred in my original query. From this it appears that she was daughter of Charles Knevet, whose mother was Jane, daur. and hr. of Hum

phrey (Stafford), D. of Buckingham. The Duke's mother was Ann, daughter of Thomas of Woodstock.

I subjoin some extracts from the will of Sir William Knyvet, Knt. dat. 18 Sept. 1515 and proved 19 June 1516 (P.C.C. 18 Holder), which will clear up some of the points mentioned by your correspondent:

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Anne his wife": ""

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Sir William styles himself son and heir of John Knyvet, late of Bokenham, co. Norfolk, Esq., cousin and heir to Sir John Clyfton, Kt. : mentions my son Edward Knyvet my son Charles Knyvet and my daughter Elizabeth for her marriage portion my daughter Anne is married to Charles Clyfford": "the manor of Crandways Wyght, co. Norfolk to remain to the heirs of Thomas Knyvet, Knt., in default to my right heirs " Alienore late the wife of my son Edmund Knyvet hath the manor of Hilburghworth for her life upon condition that she should pay unto Sir Knyvet her son £20 yearly during my life."

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Sir William had three wives and by the first, Alice, dr. of Ld. Grey of Ruthyn, had Edmund his son and hr., who married Eleanor Tyrrell and died v.p. leaving a son Sir Thomas, the husband of Lady Muriella Howard By his second wife, Lady Jane Stafford, Sir William was father of Edward and Charles.

My difficulty is to identify Ann, the wife of Charles; and so far I have not succeeded in doing so. Her will as "Ann Syble late wife of Charles Knevet Esq.," dat. 15 Jan., 1561, was witnessed by Sir Henry Gayt and Dame Lucie his wife and proved by Sir Henry 10 Mar. 1561 (York Reg. xvii. 2). She mentions a son William Knevet, and his daughter, a minor her own daughter Lucy, wife of Sir Henry Gayt; another daughter Ellen: and also her daughter Anne Robertson referred to by your correspondent. She appoints as supervisor one William Lacye als. Barkley, then under 21; and this lends some support to the theory that she was identical with Ann, daur. and heir of Sir Walter Lacye, Knt., wife of Charles Knevett of . in co. Warwick, mentioned in the Visitation of Norfolk (Harl. MS. 1552) but I can find no confirmation of the statement. Another possible parentage, viz., that she was daur. of Sir John Calthrop, Knt. and widow of John Crane, is referred to in my query at cxlviii. 350.

:

Any information about this lady would be most acceptable. JOHN CоMBER.

LEGAL CIRCUMLOCUTION (clii. 406,

445).-To a legal reader, the report means that the Corporation of Woolwich (objecting to the disallowance by the auditor of certain payments) had applied to the Divisional Court for an order (or "rule") allowing a special form of summons (called a writ of certiorari which could not be issued without leave) to be issued, commanding the auditor to show cause to the Court why he should not be ordered to allow the payments. If that Court, after hearing him, had thought he was wrong, they would have made the order effective, but they agreed with his views and so discharged the rule," i.e., refused to make it effective ("absolute"). The Court of Appeal dismissed the Corporation's appeal from this decision and so did the House of Lords. Thus the auditor sustained his disallowances. I do not think the report can be described as an example of circumlocution. It seems remarkably compendious and concise. R. S. B.

KIRK

IRKBY

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MALHAM : INSCRIPTION (clii. 441). The carving clearly signifies S[anc]t[a] M[aria] R[eginal. The Virgin's monogram is not rare. For an excellent reproduction see Gough's 'Sepulchral Monuments (vol ii., often bound as vol. iii., plate lxxii). Can it be a memorial relic of the alienation referred to; as if the Abbey then set its mark on the new acquisition? J. V. K.

LLUSIONS IN STEVENSON (clii. 370, AL 428).-1. A street called the New Cut is quite near to Waterloo Station where Mr. Pitman took away the wrong box (or barrel). An interesting letter from Stevenson to James Payn (2 Jan. 1886), was offered for sale by a London firm in 1918, respecting The Brown Box,'

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there is a house on each side; is that No. 11? The hospital was a point in my tale; but Everything in the Dynamiter is not true, but the story of the Brown Box is, in almost every particular. J. ARDAGH.

3. The quotation is from Milton's description of Dalila's arrival in 'Samson Agonistes,'

Comes this way sailing
Like a stately ship

Of Tarsus, bound for the isles
Of Javan or Gadire.

lines 713-716.

Gadire" is Gades (Cadiz), "isles of "isles of Greece."

Javan "=

EDWARD BENSLY.

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