POLAND.

THE new Polifh Conftitution is at laft overthrown. Notwithstanding the bravery, patriotifm, and courage of the Poles, they have been obliged to yield to fuperior force.

The Warsaw Gazette of the 25th of July informs us, that the conbination of three powerful neighbouring States, while the Poles were left without the aid of a single ally, reduced them to the mortifying neceffity of agreeing to an accommodation with Ruffia, to prevent a partition of their territories among their unfeeling, and, we may fay, treacherous neighbours.

The King, finding not only that his Ally the King of Pruffia had deferted him, but that he had joined the Emprefs in her ambitions and tyrannical views, called a meeting of the Deputies of the different Provinces upon the 23d of July, to deliberate on the best measures to be pursued for the welfare of the country.-Of two evils they were obliged to choose the leaft; either to have their country entirely deftroyed by the im menfe armies which were over-running it, and perhaps to have their existence as a State annihilated, or to agree to the haughty terms impofed upon them by their too powerful neighbours.

The King was obliged not only to annul the Contti.ution of 3d May 1791, and agree to the re-establishment of that which exifted before the Revolution, but even to order the army under Prince Poniatowski to be delivered up to the Ruffian General Brinicki, This was to take place, according to the agreement, on the 29th July.

Many people, however, have diffented from the general refolution. Malachowski, Potocki, Sapieha, Solticki, &c. refused to fign the Reconfederation. Upwards of 4000 Nobles, and feveral others, affembled, calling out "The Conflitution without the King!" They fought after Malachowiki, Prince Sapieha, Potocki, and Solticki, and carried them round in public.

In the Grand Dukedom of Lithuania, in particular, a fpirit of refiftance ftill feems to manifeft itself. What a difgrace to the policy of Europe, that not one State could be found friendly to a caufe fo honourable to humanity! It is not many months fince Europe was on the eve of a general war for a barren territory between the Bog and the Daeifter, to preferve the Balance of Power; and now a whole kingdom has been allowed to fall a victim to the ambition of Ruffia, without a fingle fufpicion being thrown out

by any one Power that the fame balance woul be thereby endangered!

MANIFESTO or DECLARATION of bie .Excellency Count MALACHOWSKI, Marfhal of the DIET.

STANISLAUS NALECZ, Count Malachowski, Marshal of the Diet, and of the Confederation of the Provinces of the Crown, Knight of the Polish Orders, &c. appearing in perfon at the Territorial Chancery of Warfaw, has freely and voluntarily, in prefence of all the Officers of the faid Chancery, made a Declaration of the following tenor :

"In this mournful crifis, when diforders exist which ought to wound the heart of every citizen faithful to his day; in this fatal moment, when we fee with grief a powerful foreign force, authorifed this day, by the adhesion of his Majesty to the Confederation of Targowicz, to deftroy the work of our regeneration—this falutary work, undertaken and atchieved under the auspices of Liberty-this work which the whole nation applauded with transport, and which the had fworn to maintain with all her power: "I yield to the dictates of my confcience, and confider it a facred dury openly to declare in the face of Heaven, of the whole Univerfe, and of all Pofterity, that I fee, and ever shall fee, in the Confederation of Targowicz, formed under the protection of, and fupported by a foreign army, an act of open defpotifm, contrary to the wishes as well as to the interefts of the Nation, and infringing the facred rights of all claffes of citizens; an audacious enterprize which has been preceded by murder and difafters, and which will infallibly be followed by anarchy, fervitude, and the total ruin of the Republic.

"This Proteft has not for its object to throw out the leaft reproach.against any perfon what foever.

"Infenfible to all perfonal griefs, and not knowing either refentment or hatred, my confcience bears me witness, that I never had any defire but for the glory and welfare of my country; that I have employed myself faithfully to the amelioration of its prefent ftate; that I have never wronged any person intentionally; that I never attempted, by the help of a vile dependency, to fecure the protection of any foreign Court, or ever affected to defy any of them; and that, always faithful to the obligations my fituation impofed, I have endeavoured to fulfil my task with the moft fcrupulous exactitude,

"Full of this confidence, and fortified

with

with the purity of my intention, I fubmit to the ovine juftice the deftinies of my country, and the proceedings of thofe whofe pleasure it has been to do hurt to the Republic. I declare further, that the prefent Diet and the Confederation fubfift in all their vigour-that the act of fufpenfion of the Affembly gave to his Majefty the unlimited right of convoking the Diet whenever the neceffities of the State require it-that this Convocation has not taken place, and that, instead of terminating in the ufual manner this first Legiflative Af. fembly, they have, contrary to the exprefs will of allits Members, acceded to a new one formed at Targowicz, and which declares the others null and illegal.

"Seeing then my country threatened with the greatest evils, and not being willing my confcience should reproach me in any thing, I think myself obliged to inform my fellow. citizens of all the fatal ills with which they have been threatened.

"On Nation, that I hear in my bofom! Oh my dear co patriots! I partake of your misfortunes, but I cannot foften them. Alas! there only remains for me to offer you tears; my fidelity and my inviolable attachment are known to you. Nothing can diminish or defroy them; but I cannot give you any more proof of them, as they have deprived me of

Paris, July 30. The Prefident yesterday announced to the Affembly the following letter from M. La Fayette to the Minifter of the Interior Department:

"It I was afked concerning my principles, I would reply, My conduct will atteft, that I have always co-operated with the Declaration of the Rights of Men; but as this is not the prefent queftion, it is expected that I fhould anfier as to a matter of fact-which is, whether in quirting the frontiers, and marching towards Paris, I intended to be fiege the

city. I answer in four words-It-is

not-true.

(Signed)

"LA FAYETTE.

"Camp at Longwi, 26th July 1792-4th year."

The Affembly fent the Letter to the Committee of General Infpection.

M. Luckner has written to the Prefident of the Affembly, for the exprefs purpose of denying that ever he accused La Fayette of an intention to march against Paris.

The fifteen fouthern departments of France have opened a fubfcription of three millions of livres, to be diftributed in rewards for taking the lives of the principal perfons concerned in the league against the French, which are offered in thefe fums: For the Emperor The King of Pruffia The Duke of Brunswick Staniflaus Xavier Monfieur Charles Philippe D'Artcis Louis Jofeph Condé

400,000

400,000

400,000

300,000

300,000

200,000

Louis Henri Jofeph Bourbon 200,000 Bouillé l'infame

200,000

100,000

100,000

100,000

30,000

What remains, to be employed in rewards to those who may affift in destroying any other principal partizan in the league.

Paris, Aug. 9. In the ficting of the National Affembly on Thursday laft, the following decrees, moved by M. Guadet, was unanimously paffed:

1. "Every officer or foldier of the enemies armies, who, defiring to range themfolves under the banner of liberty, shali appear at a military poft, or before one of the conftituted authorities, as a French citizen, fhall be received with fraternal affection; fhall be prefented, as a fign of his adoption, with a cockade of three colours; fhall enjoy a penfion for life of an hundred livres, of which one quarter fhall be always in ad vance, and shall be admitted to take the Civic Oath. The penfion, upon their de ceafe, fhall be continued to their widows.

2.

"Thofe who would not contract a military engagement, fall not be forced to it; thofe who chufe it, fhall be admitted to what army they pleafe, and shall receive the ordinary fee upon enlitung.

3. "Lifts thall be formed of foreigners in the fervice of France, and the penfious of those who die fhall be continued to the furvivors, till the latter thall have annunties of 500 livres each.

4. The widows of fuch military perfons will receive the annual penfion of ca

livres, but will not share the bencfits of the tontine.

5. Those who do not take a military engagement fail retire into the interior parts of the kingdom; those who fhall ferve will have the fame reward for brilliant actions as French citizens.

6. "If France fhall ever be drawn into a war with a free nation exercifing its own fovereignty, militar, perfons of that nation are not to have the advantages of the prefent decree."

The Affembly were afraid to begin the weck with a difcuffion on La Fayette's late conduct, and his name was not proBounced before yesterday-when the Committee to which the business had been referred proclaimed him guilty of high treafon, for having fuffered his army to deliberate; for having quitted the troops entrusted to his command, in order to exprefs their collective fenfe relative to the events of the 20th of June; for having unconftitutionally aimed at abolishing all popular focieties; and, in fhort, for having proposed to Marshal Luckner to march with him against the capital, the feat of riot and diforder.

M. Vaublanc invalidated every charge "far from permitting his army to deliberate, he reprimanded the different corps that addreffed him on the difgraceful events of the 20th of June-he did not come to Paris to exprefs the collective will of his troops, he adopted that meafure merely to prevent an explosion which might have been fatal-he appeared at the bar for himfelf; General La Fayette wished to fee clubs abolishedto fee the galleries kept in order, for the moft obvious reafons-it was a fhame that the National Affembly should be governed by clubs, and a trifling, wanton, portion of the people-every body knew that, what with the manœuvres of the Jacobins, and the threats of the galleries, more than half the decrees were extorted."

M. Vaublanc was obliged to tell terrible truths-The day of reckoning was faft approaching the people would foon diftinguifh their true from their fuppofed friends -Frenchmen would, ere long, lament their folly and credulity-General La Fayette was incapable of acting dishonourably; he was an honeft foldier, and foldiers were not villains! He could not have made an unconftitutional propofition to Marshal Luckner, nor would the gallant veteran have acceded to it the Matfhal afferted that the words put into his mouth by Meffrs. Guadet, Briffot, and Co. had never been uttered by himLa Fayette to think of marching gainft the capital of his native land !—abfurd, groundlefs folly!

Such were the general heads of M. Vaublanc's animated fpeech in favour of the traduced La Fayette. Briffot's logic failed him, he ferved the caufe he wished to defeat he was for the impeachment.

A majority, however, acquitted the General-224 voted againft, 406 for him.

As foon as the Houfe adjourned, a mob gathered round the Hall, and as the Mem-. bers who had voted for La Fayette were coming out (the Jacobins have one door, the Feuillans another) fome of them were collared, others fpit upon, and all most fhamefully abufed; the fishwomen were the most outrageous-they cried out, villains! after to-morrow shall be the 14th of July for you, we want to fee fome bloody heads again !"

"Ye

What contributed to irritate the mob more was, that the acquittal of the General feemed to prefage good to the Monarch. Summary Account of the dreadful Tumult in Paris, and of the Proceedings of the National Affembly, from the 9th to the 13th of August.

IN the National Affembly on the 9th feveral Members who had voted in favour of M. de la Fayette, complained of the ill treatment they had received from the mob on leaving the Affembly. Mcffrs. Mariere, Dumolard, Beaucaron, &c. narrowly escaped affaffination. They claimed protection; and the Affembly with one accord fwore to enforce respect towards the Legiflative Body.

The fitting of this day, appointed to difcufs the propriety of dethroning the King, ended with agreeing to an Addrefs to the People on the best means of exercising the royal prerogative.

This dilatory conduct of the Affembly refpecting the King's depofition roufed the citizens of Paris to a pitch of fury little short of madness. Thurfday night all the streets were illuminated, but nothing happened till Friday; on which day, very early in the morning, the socfin (alarm bell) was founded, and the drums beat the generale in all parts of the city and fuburbs. The Affembly were at their poft. When the attack began at the Palace, the King, the Queen, the Dauphin, the Princefs, and Madame Elizabeth, accompanied by the Minifters, the Members of the Department and Municipality, fled for protection to the National Affembly; where, having feated himself by the fide of the Prefident, the King addreffed the Affembly thus: "I am come here with a view to avoid the commiffion of a capital crime; and, Gentle men, I fhall think myfelf fafe among you."

It being observed on both fides, that the Affembly could not deliberate in the prefence of the Executive Power, his Majelly

retired