AULD LANG SYNE is popularly supposed to be the composition of Burns, but, in fact, he wrote only the second and third verses of the ballad as commonly sung, retouching the others from an older and less familiar song. The Old Oaken Bucket was written by Woodworth, in New York City, during the hot summer of 1817. He came into the house and drank a glass of water, and then said, "How much more refreshing it would be to take a good, long drink from the old oaken bucket that used to hang in my father's well." His wife suggested that it was a happy thought for a poem. He sat down and wrote the song as we have it. Woodman, Spare that Tree! was the result of an incident that came to the knowledge of George | P. Morris. A friend's mother had owned a little place in the country, which she was obliged, from poverty, to sell. On the property grew a large oak which had been planted by his grandfather. The purchaser of the house and land proposed to cut down the tree, and Morris's friend paid him ten dollars for a bond that the oak should be spared. Morris heard the story, saw the tree, and wrote the song. Oft in the Stilly Night was produced by Moore after his family had undergone, apparently, every possible misfortune; one of his children died young, another went astray, and a third was acci dentally killed. The Light of Other Days was written for Balfe's opera, the "Maid of Artois." The opera is forgotten, but the song still lives, and is as popular as ever. of ASSOCIATION JUNE, 1893. No. 12. every sanction with which the law can furnish him to guard his day of rest from being perverted and revolutionized into a day of toil. And if he himself does not see that the more we assimilate Sunday to other days by the amusements, the occupations, the teaching and reading and thinking with which we fill it, the greater is the danger that ultimately we shall lose it altogether, then the more earnestly are we bound to strive to disseminate those sounder ideas which shall set this day of the week and its devout observance before our fellow men and women of the laboring classes in its true light, and so help and teach them how, not to lose, but to keep it.-Bishop Henry C. Potter. our time that those older nations from which some of us propose to borrow our habit of disregard for the Lord's day are striving at this very moment with most impressive earnestness to restore the earlier sacredness of that day. In Germany, in Switzerland and in France there are already organizations of serious and thoughtful men who are seeking to banish the Continental Sunday. They have seen on the other hand, as one may see in France to day, that the removal of the sacred sanctions, which, with us, hold the first day of the week in a kind of chaste reserve, has resulted uot merely in degrading it to the level of a vulgar holiday, but also of degrading and enslaving him for whom its privileges were, most of all, designed-the wearied, overworked, and poorly-paid laboring man. They have seen that in such a capital as Paris it has already come to pass that the working man's Sunday is often as toilsome a day as any other, and that since the law no longer guards the day from labor the capitalist and contractor no longer spare or regard the laborer. He is a person out of whom the most is to be got, and if he can work six days he may as well work the seventh also, so long as there is nothing to forbid it. Such a condition of things may not directly threaten those of us who are protected by wealth from the necessity of daily labor; but, if ours is this more favored condition, all the more do we owe it to our brother man who is less favored, to see to it that he shall have I Do not believe in violent changes, nor do I expect them. Things in possession have a very firm grip. One of the strongest cements of society is the conviction of mankind that the state of things into which they are born is a part of the order of the universe, as natural, let us say, as that the sun should go round the earth. It is a conviction that they will not surrender except on compulsion, and a wise society should look to it that this compulsion be not put upon them. For the individual man there is no radical cure, outside of human nature itself, for the evils to which human nature is heir. But for artificial evils, for evils that spring from want of thought, thought must find a remedy somewhere. There has been no period of time in which wealth has been more sensible of its duties than now. It builds hospitals, it establishes missions among the poor, it endows schools. It is one of the advantages of accumulated wealth, and of the leisure it renders possible, that people have time to think of the wants and sorrows of their fellows. But all these remedies are partial and palliative merely. It is as if we should apply plasters to a single pustule of the small-pox with a view of driving out the disease. The true way is to discover and to extirpate the germs. As society is now constituted these are in the air it breathes, in the water it drinks, in things that seem, and which it has always believed, to be the most innocent and healthful. The evil elements it neglects corrupt these in their springs and pollute them in their courses. Let us be of good cheer, however, remembering that the misfortunes hardest to bear are those which never come. The world has outlived much, and will outlive a great deal more, and men have contrived to be happy in it. It has shown the strength of its constitution in nothing more than in surviving the quack medicines it has tried. In the scales of the destinies brawn will never weigh so much as brain. Our healing is not in the storm or in the whirlwind, it is not in monarchies, or aristocracies, or democracies, but will be revealed by the still, small voice that speaks to the conscience and the heart, prompting us to a wider and wiser humanity.-J. R. Lowell. You find yourself refreshed by the mere presence of cheerful people; why not make earnest effort to confer that pleasure on others? You will find half the battle is gained if you never allow yourself to say anything gloomy. IF you would be miserable think about yourself; about what you want, what you like, what respect people ought to pay you, what people think of you; and then to you nothing will be pure. You will spoil everything you touch; you will make sin and misery for yourself out of everything which God sends you; you will be as wretched as you choose on earth, or in heaven either. In heaven either, I say. For that proud, greedy, self-seeking spirit would turn heaven into hell. It did turn heaven into hell, for the great devil himself. It was by pride, by seeking his own glory-so, at least, wise men say that he fell from heaven to hell. He was not content to give up his own will and do God's will, like the other angels. He was not content to serve God, and rejoice in God's glory. He would be a master himself, and set up for himself, and •rejoice in his own glory; and so, when he wanted to make a private heaven of his own, he found that he had made a hell. When he wanted to be a little god for himself, he lost the life of the true God, to lose which is eternal death. And why? Because his heart was not pure, clean, honest, simple, unselfish. Therefore he saw God no more, and learned to hate him whose name is Love.-Kingsley. READ your Bible. Study it, commend it, spread it by your means. The ques tion may well enough be asked, Is it worth our while? Is it a good use of our means to give our money to spread the Holy Scriptures? Well, contrast the lands influenced by the Bible with the lands without it as for example, the Hebrides of Scotland and the New Hebrides. Take Madagascar, the third largest island in the world; compare it as it was two generations ago with what it is now, with over 1,300 Christian congregations and academies such as an intelligent people require. Take nations nominally Christian, but keeping the Bible for the clergy only, and contrast them with lands where all read it and have it preached. Many are Protestants only in name. The Church baptizes and buries them, but has little more to do with them. Go to prisons and penitentiaries and inquire. how many members of Evangelical and Protestant churches are in them. You will find the proportion small indeed. I do not remember in a ministry of many years, with large congregations, of having a member a prison convict. And, finally, contrast the literature of which the Bible is the inspiration with that literature. which ignores the Bible. An incident may be repeated to you to illustrate this point. It is said that the son of a priest in Mysore, having been led to think of Christianity by the reading of a tract, made his way nearly two hundred miles to a missionary, learned from him the truth, accepted it, and continued under Christian teaching. "The 'Pilgrim's Progress' fell into his hands. With the true Oriental mind he was delighted with it, and said to the missionary frankly that he liked it even better than the Bible. As the narrative goes, the missionary took him to the front of the house and pointed him to a mango tree, and inquired, did he not see the beauty of the tree, the riches of its fruit? Had he not tasted its delicious fruit? Yes, he had. He knew all that. Then,' said the missionary, where would the branches and the fruit be if it were not for the roots of the tree?' 'Oh, I see,' said the young man: 'I see what you mean. The Bible is the root, and these good books are the fruits that come from the root.'"-Rev. John Hall. STATE Superintendent Gaines of Kansas, in his advice to County Superintendents, says: "When you sit down at the table of the hospitable farmer, set a guard on the door of your lips. Questions concerning the school will probably be asked, and there are sharp-eared youngsters sitting by you who will not fail to report with picturesque variationseverything you say. Utter no word which tends to weaken the authority of the teacher. He or she is much more in need of sustaining influences than the contrary." Do you suppose that the blades of my knife will not, cut because now they are shut? They may not be open to-day, or to-morrow; but they are there, and they have a sharp, cutting edge. So a man's heart has blades in it, and they are there to be opened if there is anything to draw them out. Do not be discouraged, then, if your child has lied or stolen. I think most children go through lying and steal into the kingdom of It is difficult for you to keep such equipoise as not to drive your children into falsehood. That is a refuge. Ever since Adam hid in the garden, being afraid on account of his trangressions, the great refuge for conscious guilt has been hiding; and the first cave is the cave of lies; and your children run into it, not because they are ashamed, but because they are afraid of you, and have not the courage to stand up and take the penalty of their evil-doing. And if you go at them with tempestuous indignation, bringing your forty years of moral experience upon their sensitive inexperience, you may drive them farther in the wrong direction. And now, what is the hope of parents in regard to the misconduct of their children? It is to work with them assiduously, and to work in the spirit of love; and, when the results do not follow immediately, to have patience. The top of a child's head will not grow in a day. Is he fifteen years old? Then there are ten years more for him-hold on for those ten years, and do not be discouraged. IN the matter of discipline, it has been the purpose to inculcate in the minds of pupils that self-respect and sense of duty that would lead to self-control in all questions involving school regulations. If a school education does not make men and women that are law-abiding, capable and willing to control their own actions in accord with the laws of society and state, that education has failed in its purpose. INTEMPERANCE cuts down youth in its vigor, manhood in its strength, and age in its weakness. It breaks the father's heart, bereaves the doting mother, extinguishes natural affection, erases conjugal love, blots out filial attachment, blights parental hope, and brings down mourning age in sorrow to the grave. It produces weakness not strength, sickness not health, death not life. It makes wives widows, children orphans, fathers fiends, and all of them paupers and beggars. It feeds rheumatism, nurses gout, welcomes epidemics, invites cholera, imports pestilence, and embraces consumption. It covers the land with idleness, poverty, disease, and crime. It fills your jails, supplies your almshouses, and demands your asylums. It engenders controversies, fosters quarrels, and cherishes riots. It crowds your penitentiaries, and furnishes the victims for your scaffolds. It is the life-blood of the gambler, the aliment of the counterfeiter, the prop of the highwayman, and the support of the midnight incendiary. It countenances the liar, respects the thief, and esteems the blasphemer. It violates obligation, reverences fraud, and honors infamy. It defames benevolence, hates love, scorns virtue, slanders innocence. It incites the father to butcher his helpless offspring, helps the husband to massacre his wife, and aids the child to grind the parricidal axe. It burns up man and consumes woman, detests life, curses God, and despises heaven. It suborns witnesses, nurses perjury, defiles the jury-box, and stains the judicial ermine. It bribes votes, disqualifies voters, corrupts elections, pollutes our institutions, and endangers our government. It degrades the citizen, debases the legislature, dishonors the statesman, disarms the patriot. It brings shame not honor; terror not safety; despair not hope; misery not happiness. And with the malevolence of a fiend, it calmly surveys its frightful desolations, and, insatiated with havoc, it poisons felicity, kills peace, ruins morals, blights confidence, slays reputation, and wipes out national honor, then curses the world and laughs at its ruin. There, it does all that and more. It murders the soul. It is the sum of all villainies; the curse of curses; the devil's best friend. I HAVE seen manners that make a similar impression with personal beauty; that give the like exhilaration, and refine us like that; and, in memorable experiences, they are suddenly better than beauty, and make that superfluous and ugly. But they must be marked by fine perception, the acquaintance with real beauty. Then they must be inspired by the good heart. There is no beautifier of complexion, or form, or behavior, like the wish to scatter joy, and not pain, around us.-Emerson. colleges which are filling their faculties with any and every applicant who comes gowned in a thesis and capped with a degree, and bringing in his grip a batch of testimonials from university professors, will soon discover to their sorrow that it takes more than knowledge of a specialty to make a good college professor, and more than an aggregation of specialists to constitute a faculty. The chief business of the college is to train young men for active life; and a good proportion of a college faculty should be men who have gained maturity of character through experience in the great school of life; men who have studied a profession, or interested themselves in some social problem, or have traveled extensively, or have edited a paper, or delivered lectures, and at the same time kept alive and fresh their scholarly pursuits and aims. In the college professor the man must be more than the scholar, if he and his department are to gain the highest respect. Still, in order to fulfil its other function of awakening the scholarly impulse in those who have capacity for purely scholarly careers, no college faculty should be without a group of men fully equipped with university training and thoroughly imbued with the university spirit: though these men must be selected with the greatest care out of scores of candidates, and with reference to the human, quite as much as to their scholastic, qualifications. Of course the two types of man may be blended in the same individual. Such are, however, rare. The presence of two or three upon a faculty insures to a college perpetual prosperity and power.' CHILDREN should be trained in schoolroom ways: How to enter the room and pass to the seat; how to sit in correct position; how to rise and stand properly; how to pass to class in front of room, and how to turn and pass back to their seats; where to put slate and pencil; how to put away the slate, and how to take it out of the desk. As to methods of procedure: Give one signal at a time; give it but once after it has been explained; work slowly; let your language be simple; see that your directions are followed in every particular; speak in a pleasant, firm voice; commend as often as you see real endeavor; do not threaten; try to take the place of a wise, loving parent. GOD covered the skull with hair. Some people shave it off. Mischievous practice. It exposes the brain. God covered a part of man's face with hair. Some people shave it off. Mischievous practice. It exposes the throat and lungs-the eyes, likewise, say wise physiologists. Men become bald. Why? Because they wear close hats and caps! Women are never bald except by disease. They do not wear close hats and caps. Men seldom lose a hair below where the hat touches the head, not if they had been bald twenty years. The close cap holds the heat and perspiration. Thereby the hair glands become weak; the hair falls out. What will restore? Nothing, after the scalp becomes shiny. But if in process of falling out, or recently lost, the following is best: Wash the head freely with cold water once or twice a day. Wear a thoroughly ventilated hat. This is the best means to arrest the loss and restore |