New Tools for Environmental Protection: Education, Information, and Voluntary MeasuresNational Research Council, Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education, Committee on the Human Dimensions of Global Change National Academies Press, 2002. jún. 13. - 368 oldal Many people believe that environmental regulation has passed a point of diminishing returns: the quick fixes have been achieved and the main sources of pollution are shifting from large "point sources" to more diffuse sources that are more difficult and expensive to regulate. The political climate has also changed in the United States since the 1970s in ways that provide impetus to seek alternatives to regulation. |
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... activities. One of the best known market-based strategies is the tradable environmental allowance (Tietenberg, 1985, 2002; Rose, 2002). Government determines an appropriate level of emissions and issues permits to emit that are limited ...
... activities involve command and control. New tools based on education, information, and voluntary measures are present in every command-and-control and market-based policy as well. New measures, whether command and control or market ...
... activities (Stewart, 1993). Just think of the transformation of Pittsburgh from dirty center of steel production to hub of clean high-tech services. As The Economist has asserted bluntly (The Economist, sk people to describe the ...
... activities. These results can be explained by a number of other factors as well. The first of these is input substitution, the use of new materials as efficient replacements for current materials. Fiber optics, for example, are ...
... activities as varied in their function as in their environmental impact. They include transportation and public utilities, wholesale and retail trade, finance, insurance, real estate, business services, health services, legal services ...
Tartalomjegyzék
3 | |
17 | |
The Message and the Reality | 49 |
Examining the KnowledgeDeficit Model of Behavior Change | 67 |
5 Promoting Green Consumer Behavior with EcoLabels | 83 |
6 The Public Health Perspective for Communicating Environmental Issues | 105 |
7 Understanding Individual and Social Characteristics in the Promotion of Household Disaster Preparedness | 125 |
8 Lessons from Analogous Public Education Campaigns | 141 |
An Initial Survey | 219 |
Emergence and Evolution | 235 |
Environmental Right to Know as a Driver of Sound Environmental Policy | 253 |
16 Challenges in Evaluating Voluntary Environmental Programs | 263 |
A Theoretical Framework | 283 |
18 Factors in Firms and Industries Affecting the Outcomes of Voluntary Measures | 303 |
19 The Policy Context for Flexible Negotiated and Voluntary Measures | 311 |
20 Understanding Voluntary Measures | 319 |
9 Perspectives on Environmental Education in the United States | 147 |
10 A Model of CommunityBased Environmental Education | 161 |
11 Community Environmental Policy Capacity and Effective Environmental Protection | 183 |
What Have We Learned? | 201 |
What We Know and Need to Know | 337 |
ABOUT THE CONTRIBUTORS | 349 |