sources which he finds in the heart, in the prosperity, in the loyalty, in the strength of his people; and in the as yet undiminished foree of his high allies and friends, the Em peror of Russia, and King of Prussia, and to persist in this firm and intimate connection moderation which is the brightest gem ip the crown of a great Monarch, consents to conditions of peace which are not purchased by a sacrifice of the national honour and independence of a mighty state." to hold out his hand to peace, and amid the most brilliant victories, he would have he would have thought and acted in the same way as under the influence of contrary occurrences. His Majesty believed that the great and happy moment of this reconciliation, and of return ing happiness to his people, was not far distill-the Emperor of the French, with that tant, when the Emperor of France, on seyefal occasions, publicly manifested corresponding dispositions, and expressed himself with precision in the same spirit to Austrian general officers, whom the fortune of war had made his prisoners.-Full of confidence in such manifestations, and animated by an earnest wish to avert the approaching danger from the capital of Vienna, so dear to his heart, and, in general, to free his good and faithful subjects from the pressure of a long er war, his Majesty sent his Lieutenant Field Marshal, the Count de Guilay, to the head quarters of the French Emperor, in the name of himself and his allies, to obtain a confirmation of these pacific dispositions, to learn the further overtures which the Emperor Napoleon might make on this occasion, and to treat for an armistice as preparatory to negociations for a general peace. But the hopes of his Majesty were not fulfilled. As the basis of an armistice, limited to a few weeks, the Emperor of France demanded, HANOVER.Proclamation addressed, to the I George Dan, Lieutenant-General in the service of his Majesty of the United King doms of Great Britain and Ireland, Com mander in Chief of a corps of British troops upon the continent, hold it for my first duty, upon my arrival in his Majesty's German States, to make known and declare hereby to the inhabitants of the Electorate of Hanover, that the principal object of the troops I have the honour to command, is to effect the evacuation of his Majesty's Ger man States, and to undertake the defence of the same, against the enemy.The wellThat the allied troops should return known discipline of the troops under my "home; that the Hungarian levies should command, is to me the best assurance of be disbanded; and that the Duchy of Ve- their good conduct towards the subjects of nice and the Tyrol should be previously their lawful Sovereign; but, contrary to my evacuated to the French armies.”———All expectation, should any well-grounded com Europe will feel the inconsistency between plaint be brought before me, I shall inves such demands, and the foregoing manifesta- tigate its merits with impartiality, and re tions of the Emperor. His Majesty themedy the same accordingly without delay Emperor and King had, by this first step, fulfilled a sacred duty which his heart had dictated. But he should have thought himself grievously injuring himself, the honour of hisMonarchy, the dignity of his house, the reputation of the good and great nation over which he rules, and the highest interests of the states, the eyes both of the present and of future generations, if, notwithstand ing the duty incumbent on him to preserve all these intire, he had yielded to the severe, but passing, pressure of the moment, and assented to conditions which, would have been a death blow to his monarchy, and a breach of the relations in which he stood with all friendly states.His Majesty wished for peace: he His Britannic Majesty, my gracions Sove. reign, is convinced, that his beloved Gen man subjects, will receive his troops in the most friendly manner; I, therefore, in this Majesty's name, and by his express com mand, invite all persons,ew hoses circum stances will permit, to enter into the mili tary service, particularly those who have previously belonged to the Haroverian army invite them, without delay, to join the British standard, where I shall ensure to them every privilege attached to his Majesty's German Legion. With our forces thus united, we shall then oppose check to the unlawful demands of the ene my; and we nay thus the more confidently and earner it still, with sincerity reckon upon the good consequences of our But he never could, and never will, place himself in a defenceless state, where he and his people would be deHivered over to the imperious and arbitrary decisions of a mighty foe-In such circumstances, nothing remains to his Majesty, but to cleave to those great and inexhausted re efforts, being armed with the justice of our cause; in behalf of our King and our coun try. Given at Stadt, Nov. 20, 1605, (Signed) GEORGE Don, Lieut. Gen. 2906 „vrinales? 16 Copy of the Letter sent by his Excellency the Grand Pensionary of Holland on the although I have had the fortune to spill my Blood for the honour of his Majesty's arms? yet finding myself less inconvenienced than the brave and worthy General in Chief, on whom his Majesty, with a confidence which he merits, had conferred the command of the fleet, I enter upon the painful but neces Sire!, after what you have already achieved in the career of glory, it appeared as if nothing had been left to excite admira-sary duty of informing your Excellency, that tion. These reflections, Sire, could not our efforts, and the discharge of our duty, fail of being peculiarly my own, who have have not been able to avert a loss, which been enabled so intimately to observe and would be greater, if we were not firmly pers admire the magnitude of your genius; but suaded that nothing was left undone; and that which your Majesty has achieved in this consequently, that our honour was saved.sainpaign, which was scarcely opened before I know that, under date of the 18th inst. the it appeared to be terminated, forms a new General Gravina had informed your Excelprodigy, by the unexampled extent of the lency, that Admiral Villeneuve had signified plans of it, by the rapidity of the applica- to him his intention of putting to sea the, tion of the means, and by the lustre of the the next day, and desired to know whether development.I am unable, Sire! to ex- the Spanish squadron were ready to accompress the sentiments of joy, which your he- pany him? Your Excellency is not ignorant roic actions have impressed on me and on- of what was the answer of the general; samy country; I perceive in them a new gua- tisfied that his squadron would promptly folranty, that your Majesty will sustain the low the movements of the French, and that part of Disposer of the fate of Nations, and such were the repeated orders your Excelof the Benefactor of mankind in general, leney had communicated to him. With this and of your Majesty's Allies in particular, information the French admiral returned on -My brother-in-law, General Bruce, is board, and, subsequently, made the signal charged with the honour of handing this for getting up anchors and signals, which letter to your Majesty; he will be the inter- was repeated by this ship, the Principe de preter of the sentiments of admiration, of Asturias, and followed by the most ready exthe sincere attachment to your person, and ecution for embarking the artillery and ma-, also of my constant wish, that your Marines, with various others which were on. jesty, after having compelled your enemies to accept of peace to which your Majesty will know how to set the seal of durability at length, with your illustrious family, enjoy the flattering spectacle of the restoras tion of the rights of nations, effected by your great actions; of the liberty of the Ocean of the blessings of mankind; of constant love for your people; and of the gratitude of your faithful Alliesel beseech your Majesty to accept the assurance of my most profound esteem, &c. (Signed) - 50 QUAD TO SCHIMMELPENNINCE shore. On the morning of the 19th, some French and Spanish ships got under weigh, in consequence of a signal made by Admiral Villeneuve, but we were not all able to ef feet it that day, the wind having yeered to the S.W. but getting round to E.S.E. they all successively got out, on the morning of the 20th.Scarcely had we cleared the mouth of the harbour when the wind shifted to S.S.W. so strong, and with such alarming appearances, that one of the first signals made by Admiral Villeneuve, who had his flag on board the Bucentaur, was, to take in two reefs in the main-sail; the shifting of the wind necessarily occasioned a dispersion of the fleet, till towards the evening, when the wind again shitted, and the horizon clearing, a signal was made to form in five columns, and to unite. An advanced friadvanced frigate made signals for 18 sail of the enemy in sight; and, in consequence of this infor mation, the ships were cleared, and every Peace,mation, thing got ready for action. At three, we Most Excellent, Senior, my Lord,The tacked, and stood on for the Streights, presituation of Lieut.-General Don Frederick serving the same formation of five tolumi Gravina, in consequence of a ball he receive as before this movement, after we had e ed his left arm, at the close of the action ecated it 4 of the enemy's frigates appearin of yesterday, does not permit him to informed, which were chased by order of Adiniral your Excellency of that bloody combat, and Villeneuve, and to this ship he attached FOREIGN OFFICIAL PAPERS. NAVAL VICTORY.Spanish: Official Re port of the Battle of Trafalgar. From the Aladrul Gazette, Nov. 5, 1805. The Chef d'Escadre Don Antonio de Escario, Major-General of the Squadron of the Ocean, has written, from the port of Cadiz, to his Excellency the Prince of Peace, under date of the 22d of Oct., as follows: a L'Aigle, Algesiras, and San Juan, as pierced through with balls, and in a most squadron of observation, which might rein- distressed condition, was opportunely assist force the ships in chase; with instructions, ed by the Spanish ship San Juste, and the to re-unite with the main body of the fleet French ship Neptune, which occasioned the before night fall; at half-past seven, a French removal of the enemy from us, and equally ship advised us of L'Aigle having reconnoi- assisted the junction of the Rayo, Montanes, tred 18 enemy's ships in line of battle, and Axis, and San Leandro, which were so much soon after we saw, at no great distance, sc- damaged, with some other French ships, veral lights, which, doubtless, were from the which had no better fate.-As soon as this enemy's frigates, interspersed between the ship was fee from opponents, orders were two fleets. At nine, the English made sig given to those united to support such ships hals by firing cannon; and, by the interval as wanted support, and at night-fall, the ibetween the flash and repeat, they appeared ring having ceased on all sides, the frigate La to be distant about two miles. The French Thamise towed us towards the Bay of Cadiz, admiral-made signal that it was necessary to into which it was not possible to enter that form in line of battle upon the leaward ships, night, the wind having got towards the which was afterwards repeated by that admi- S. S E. strong, with showers of rain, which ral, and, in this order, the day-break of the obliged us to anchor at a mile and a half 21st came on with the enemy in sight, in from Rota, with the above-mentioned ships, number 25 ships, among them 8 three- and having considerably freshened, our mala deckers, formed in order of battle. At se- and mizen masts were carried away, notwithven in the morning, the enemy approached, standing the precautions taken for their sein different columns, upon our squadron, curity. It also dismasted the Leandro, with a direction to the centre and rear, upon which had anchored also by us. I cannot do which Admiral Villeneuve ordered them to less than perform a duty, which to me is tack in succession, which brought the squa- very pleasant, that of placing in your Exceldron of observation, commanded by General lency's view, the generous emulation with Gravina, into the situation of rear-guard. | which the officers and crew of this ship strove General Gravina made to his squadron the to perform their respective duties; and I am signals most proper to enable them to per- highly gratified in paying this tribute to form the various movements, which the exi- those, who, by their gallant conduct in acgency of the circumstances required, with tion, have done themselves so great credit. ability and precision, and, on nearing the We have had forty-one killed; among them, enemy, he ordered them to close their dis- Lieutenant de Vaihemd, Don L. P. del Latances, and complete their order.-At 8 mi- nino, and 107 badly wounded; in which nutes before 12 an English three-decker, number is included the Lieutenant of Vowith a flag at her main-top, penetrated our Junteers, Don B. Corral, and Brigadier of line in the centre, supported by the ships Marines, Don A. Rua. I have learned that which were in her wake. The heads of the Don F. de Alcedo, of the Montanese, wa3 other column of the enemy did the same; killed in the action; and his Second Captain, one of them doubled our rear-guard, another Don A. Castano, badly wounded. Many entered between L'Aigle and San Ildefonso, losses of other excellent officers have doubtand from that moment the action was con- less been sustained throughout the fleet, as fined to a furious combat between the whole several ships were entirely dismasted; and of the enemy's squadron and half of ours, this catastrophe is generally accompanied the greater part of the time within pistol- with misfortunes, which are inevitable. shot. I have not the necessary information When I am acquainted with them, I will to enable me to acquaint your Excellency communicate them to your Excellency. His with the particulars of the action; neither Excellency, the Prince of Peace, has replied can I, at present, say any thing of the move- to Admiral Don A. Escano, under date of ments of the vanguard, which, I am assured, the 27th of October, in the following terms: from the commencement, supported that I have just received from your Excellency part of the squadron which was attacked. three letters, one of the 22d, and two of the What I can affirm to your Excellency is, that 234 inst. acquainting me, for the informaall the ships, both French and Spanish, which tion of his Majesty, of the action between were within my observation, most fully por- the combined squadron, and that of the eneformed their duty, and that this ship, after a my, commanded by Lord Nelson, off Cadiz, horrible combat of four hours, with three or in the evening and night of the 21st inst. four of the enemy, with all her sails and which intelligence your Excellency has not rigging cut, without stays, without the powomitted to give, notwithstanding you sre ør of making sail, her masts, and top-masts considerably inconvenienced, by a woundin I | port, of the American ship, Two Friends, by a French privateer. This event has excited among all classes of citizens the strongest sensations, not only because the said ship was captured without any colour of pretence, within sight of land, but because she is our only regular London trader, and had on board a full supply of spring and sunimer goods. The distress and anxiety occasioned by these circumstances are greatly enhanced from our having been hitherto deprived of our spring supplies, and from an anticipation of the consequences justly to be appre hended from a continuance of similar outrages, should not the most prompt and effectual measures be adopted for the protection and security of our commercial interests. Your Memorialists are authorised to add (although the fact be not detailed in the Protest), that it appears from undoubted authority, that the magnitude of the prize was the sole inducement to the above-mentioned capture, the captors having said that they would release the Two Friends, in the event of their falling in with any other valuable prize which might be more worthy their notice. This most extraordinary capture, in direct violation of our treaty with France (as appears by the accompanying do cuments), has already been followed by events no less alarning, our harbour being at this moment completely blockaded by three French privateers (and more are daily expected), which examine all vessels coming in and going out of this port, and either detain or release them, according as their value excites the cupidity of the cruizers-This degrading state of our harbour has nccessa the left leg, on account of his Excellency, Admiral Graving, not being able to do it, from the wounds he received in the same action. All the three letters of your Excellency breathe a spirit of truth, animation, constancy, valour, and loyalty to the King His Majesty is penetrated with the event, and is desirous (with me) of information of the situation of your Excellency, and that of Admiral Gravina; expecting at the same time to be informed of the detail, and the conclusion of this glorious but unfortunate action, in order to reward merit, dry up the tears of the afflicted families, and to assist the necessitous. The disposition of the King, his noble and generous heart, will not be satisfied till he sees these cares of his paternal atfection accomplished; neither shall I, for my own part, enjoy ease, while the least thing remains to be done.-I acknowledge my obligations to your Excellency for your intelligence, and request you to participate the same to Admiral Gravina. The subsequent advices received of this event, reach to the 25th, and state, that on the 23d, Admiral Escano sailed again, with the French and Spanish ships which had entered the preceding night, in order to assist the crippled ships which might appear in sight, and to attack those that had charge of them; by this means he has recovered the Spanish ships Santa Anna, and Neptune, and assisted the L'Aigle, Algesiras, and Bucentaur French ships, notwithstanding his experiencing a strong gale from S.S.E. which broke loose and drove on shore near Santa Pancha Maria, the Asis and Neptune on the night of the 23d. Brigadier Don C. De Valdes, commander of the Neptune, is bad-rily raised the premium of insurance, thus ly wounded, having received three bullets in the action; as is also Lieut. General Don J. M. De Alava, who has returned to Cadiz, in his ship the Santa Anna. The English have also experienced considerable misfortunes in this engagement, in which, according to advices from Gibraltar, Lord Nelson, and several officers of distinguished merit, were killed. AMERICA AND FRANCE.-Memorial of certain American Merchants to Mr. Madison, Secretary of State in America, relative to the Conduct of the French Cruizers with regard to American Ships. The Memorial of the President and Directors of the South Carolina Insurance Company, and of the Merchants and Others interested in the Commerce of the City of Charleston; respectfully sheweth, that your Memorialists are deeply affected by the rement capture, at the very entrance of this forcing additional sums from the pockets of our citizens, has advanced the price of every commodity, and created a distressing stag nation of our exports; for the Merchants, not receiving their goods from abroad, are incapacitated from purchasing the produce of the country. Among these deplorable efects of the defenceless and humiliating condition of our commerce, may be moreover enumerated the immense loss of duties: those on the ship Two Friends alone being estimated by the collector at 45,000 dollars. -Your Memorialists have the best reasonsfor believing that this early success, experienced by these French privateers, will immediately allure others in swarms to our coasts and bar, to the total ruin of private mercantile copcerns, and the most atal defalcation of the public revenue: Your Memorialists have no less ground for apprehending that British cruizers, availing themselves of the absence | of domestic, protection, will, under the so ་ ། ourselves with a bare statement of the above grievance, superadded to so many others, not doubting that the President will take the same into consideration, and being duly impressed with the necessity of some early re medial arrangement, either of a legislative or diplomatic nature, will recur to such as may appear most conducive to the desired end-Your Mem Calists having thus exhi bited but an imperfect view of their ruinous, unprotected, and degraded situation, rely with confidence on the prompt interposition of the President, to obtain, by representa tions to the Minister of France, and of Spain (in the event of the Two Friends being cat lour of expelling the French, assume and occupy their ground, and either retain us in the same degraded state, harrassing our vessels by searches and detensions, or subject us to the disgraceful and mortifying obligations of gratitude, for alien succour and relief.Your Memorialists are the more alarmed at these depredations, because much valuable property is still expected this summer from other quarters than London, and considerable importations will be looked for in the fall for our winter supplies; and should there not be an early and effectual check to these aggressions; should our fall importations be also interrupted, the calamities of the last year, produced by the hurried into a Spanish port), restitution of the ricane and other causes, in which this city has so largely participated, would be aggravated to such an extent as to eventuate in general ruin-and these great alarms and apprehensions of your Memorialists are heightened by the well known circumstance of the cruizers which infest our shores belonging to St. Jago de Cuba and Barracoa, in which receptacles our vessels and their cargoes, with the knowledge of the government of Cuba, are instantly sold, without even the formality of a trial, or any condemnation whatever, thereby precluding every future probability of redress.-Your Memorialists avail themselves of this occasion to notice a late decision of the District Court within this State, grounded on an Act of Congress, whereby the territorial jurisdiction of the United States is limited to the short distance of three miles, or a maritime league, from the coasts or shores, which by the said Court is construed to mean three miles from the land, consequently the middle channel of our bar being more than three miles distant from the nearest land is pronounced, by judicial authority, to be without the jurisdiction of the United States! The very entrance of our harbour, in full sight of the city, where vessels are frequently obliged to anchor, while waiting for a tide, and with a Pilot on board, is, by our own Tribunals, acknowledged to be without the protection of our government. Your Memorialists refrain from commenting on the pernicious effects of a system of policy so pregnant with dishonour and ruin to the trade and navigation of the Union at large, but more particularly to those of Charleston, from the geography of whose shores, and peculiar local situation of whose bar and horbour, every vessel in her ingress and egress, is thus subjected to search, detention or seizure. We content said ship and her cargo, and to cause a stop to be put to similiar spoliations. And your Memorialists further most earnestly solicit some immediate and effectual naval protec tion for our harbour and shores, together with such other measures as the National Councils, in their wisdom, may deem expe dient, as well for prevention of the re newal of the outrages we have sustained, is for the permanent safety and protection our commercial and navigating rights and interests.-Charleston, South-Carolina, June, 22, 1805. Cory-Department of State, July 10, 1805. SIR,-I have received your letter of the 22d ult. inclosing the Memorial of the Is surance Company of which you are Prest dent, and of the Merchants and others, terested in the commerce of CharlstonHaving been before made acquainted, by the Collector of the Customs, with the cit cumstances of the capture of the Tw Friends, I lost no time in stating it to the French Minister, who has replied, that the communication made to him respecting this affair, by the Commissary of his nation at Charleston, had enabled him to anticipatt my desires, by requesting the Captains Ge neral of the Erench colonies, to all of whom he had written respecting it, to obtain si tisfaction for this violation of the Convention between France and the United States.→→ The observations contained in the Memorial respecting the local situation, and the pro tection necessary for the port of Charleston and the adjacent coast, have been weighed by the President, and in confezion with other information, will promote such mea sures as the nature of his functions, the existing laws and the public good, may be thought to admit and require.-I have the honour to be, &c. JAMES MADISON. Printed by Cox and Baylis, No.75. Great Queen Street, and published by R. Bagobaw, Bow Street, Corder Garden, where former Numbers may be had; sold also by J. Budd, Crown aud Miue, Pall-Med. ✅ |