Index and introductory. Raw materials. Machinery.-v.2. Manufactures. Fine ...

K. FOR DOMESTIC OR ORNAMENTAL PURPOSES, OR FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF IMPLEMENTS.

1. Bone, Horn, Hoofs, Ivory, Tortoiseshell, Shagreen, Quills.

2. Pearls, Seed Pearl, Mother-of-pearl, Coral, and Shells generally.

3. Oils, Tallows, Spermaceti, Wax, Lard.

4. Miscellaneous, as Sponge, Goldbeater's-skin, Catgut, Silkworm-gut, Bladders, &c.

L. AS AGENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF VARIOUS ARTICLES. 1. Glue, Isinglass, Gelatine, Bone-black, Ivory-black, Animal Charcoal.

M. FOR THE PRODUCTION OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES.

Blood, Bones, Horns, &c., for the production of Phosphorus, the Prussiates, the Superphosphates, &c.

N. FOR PIGMENTS AND DYES.

1. Cochineal and Carmine.

2. Dyes from the Galls of the Aphides.

3. Gall-stone, pigment from Ox-gall.

4. Indian dyes from the Coccus, the various kinds of Lacs.

5. Miscellaneous, as Sepia, Enena d'Orient, &c.

E. CARTS AND WAGGONS OF ALL KINDS, NOT BEING AGRI

CULTURAL.

VI. Manufacturing Machines and Tools, or Systems of Machinery, Tools, and Implements employed for the undermentioned purposes.

A. MANUFACTURES OF ALL SPUN, WOVEN, FELTED, OR LAID FABRICS.

1. Machinery for the complete formation from the Raw
Material of all Fabrics of Cotton, Wool, Flax, Hemp,
Silk, Caoutchouc, Gutta Percha, Hair."

2. Paper-making and Staining.
3. Printing and Bookbinding.

B. MANUFACTURES OF METALS.

1. The manufacture of Metals from the Ore into Bars,
Rods, Wire, Sheets, and other general forms; also
casting and polishing of Metal, &c.

2. The cutting and working of Metals by Machine
Tools, such as Lathes; Machines for Planing,
Drilling, Boring, Slotting, Sawing, Stamping,
Shearing, Riveting, Punching.

Machines and Tools used by the Makers of Gold, Silver, and Plated Goods.

4. Machines and Tools used by the Makers of Cutlery, Nails, Screws, Pins, Needles, Buttons, and metallic Pens, &c.

5. Machines and Tools used by Locksmiths, Die

sinkers, &c.

C. MANUFACTURES OF MINERAL SUBSTANCES AND MINING
MACHINERY. (See also SECTION I.)

9. Dredging-machines, Hedgehogs, and other Machines employed in Harbour Works, for removing Shoals, &c.

1. Machines and Tools for the preparation and working
of all kinds of Glass, Stone, Granite, Alabaster, E. LIGHTHOUSES AND BEACONS.
Slate, Clay, &c.

2. Machines and Tools used in the preparation and work- F. ROOFS, BUILDINGS, AND CONTRIVANCES FOR COVERING

ing of Gems, &c.

D. MANUFACTURES OF VEGETABLE SUBSTANCES.

1. Machines and Tools for the preparation and working of all kinds of Wood.

2. Mills and other machinery for Grinding, Crushing, or Preparing Vegetable Products.

E. MANUFACTURE OF ANIMAL SUBSTANCES.

Machinery and Tools for working in Horn, Bone, Ivory,
Leather, &c.

F. MACHINERY AND APPARATUS FOR BREWING, DISTILLING,
AND MANUFACTURING CHEMISTRY.

VII. Civil Engineering, Architectural, and Building

Contrivances.

A. FOUNDATIONS AND BUILDING CONTRIVANCES CONNECTED
WITH HYDRAULIC WORKS.

1. Application of the Screw Pile for the Foundations
of Piers, Jetties, &c., Beacons, and Ships' Moor-
ings.

2. Pneumatic Piling, Machinery illustrative of the mode of sinking and guiding the Cylinders, also Contrivances for overcoming difficulties where obstructions are offered to their sinking.

3. Coffer-dams on soft and rock bottoms, and Appa- I. ratus connected with them.

4. Foundations of Lighthouses exposed to the violent action of the sea.

5. Diving-bells, Helmets, and Apparatus connected with them.

6. Boring Tools, and Contrivances for ascertaining the stratification on Sites of intended Structures.

B. SCAFFOLDING AND CENTERINGS.

1. Scaffolding for the erection of Brick Chimney Shafts,
Columns of Masonry, Towers, and Spires.

2. Portable Scaffoldings, Ladders, and Fire Escapes.
3. Scaffolding for the erection of Monolithic Blocks, as
Obelisks, &c., and for the hoisting of great
Weights.

4. Fixed and Turning Scaffolding for the repairs, &c.,
of Domes, &c., internally and externally.

5. Scaffolding and Contrivances for the erection of large Girder Bridges (as Britannia Bridge).

6. Centerings for Arched Bridges, Domes, and Vaults.
7. Centerings for Tunnels, Shields, and Contrivances
for facilitating their excavation.

C. BRIDGES, TUNNELS, AND ENGINEERING CONTRIVANCES
FOR CROSSING RIVERS, RAVINES, &c.

1. Timber Bridges.

2. Cast-iron Bridges.

3. Wrought-iron Bridges (Girder or Lattice).

4. Turning or Swing Bridges.

5. Lifting or Bascule Bridges.

6. Draw and Rolling Bridges.

7. Suspension Bridges.

8. Temporary Bridges. (See also VIII. M.)

9. Floating Bridges, as across the Hamoaze, and to receive Railway Trains, as across the Humber.

10. Examples of Brick and Stone Bridges.

D. DOCK, HARBOUR, RIVER, AND CANAL WORKS.

1. Docks and Slips for the building and repair of Ships.

2. Mercantile Docks, and Arrangements connected therewith, for the loading and unloading of Ships.

3. Sea and Canal Locks, Gates and Entrances, Stopgates, Sluices, &c.

4. Marine Railway Slips and Hydraulic Docks.

5. Harbours of Refuge.

6. Breakwaters, Piers, Jetties, Wharfs, and Landingpiers.

7. Groynes, Sea-defences, &c.

8. Perpendicular Lifts for Canals, and other Engineering Contrivances instead of Locks.

LARGE AREAS.

1. Examples of Timber and Iron Trusses.

2. Roofs for Markets, Railway Stations, &c.
3. Roofs for Theatres.

4. Fire-proof Buildings, arranged so as to be applicable
to the economical methods of construction.
5. Coverings for Roofs.

G. WATER-WORKS, AND THE ENGINEERING CONTRIVANCES
CONNECTED WITH THE OBTAINING, STORING, AND DISTRI-
BUTION OF WATER IN TOWNS.

1. Well-sinking and Boring, and the Apparatus con-
nected therewith.

2. Storing, Filtering, and Distributing Reservoirs, and the Contrivances connected with them.

3. Contrivances for maintaining and producing efficient Heads, and the Apparatus connected with Street Mains.

4. Services, and Apparatus connected with Domestic
Water Supply. (See also V., B.)

H. GAS-WORKS, AND CONTRIVANCES CONNECTED WITH THE
ECONOMICAL PRODUCTION OF ARTIFICIAL LIGHT.

1. Retorts and Distillatory Apparatus.

2. Condensing, Separating, and Purifying Apparatus. 3. Governors and Station Meters.

4. Gauges, Valves, and contrivances connected with the
Mains for the Distribution of Gas. (See also
XXII.)

SEWERAGE, CLEANSING, PAVING, AND THE CONTRIVANCES
CONNECTED WITH THE SANITARY CONDITION OF
TOWNS.

1. Forms of Sewers, their Entrances and Junctions.
2. Contrivances for Cleansing, Flushing, and Venti-
lating Sewers.

3. Contrivances for removing and distributing Sewage.
4. Traps, and other means of preventing emanations.
(See also XXII.)

5. House Drains, and the Internal Sanitary arrangements of Houses. (See also XXII.)

6. Pavements.

J. WARMING AND VENTILATING DOMESTIC RESIDENCES, AND
THE CONTRIVANCES CONNECTED THEREWITH.

1. Arrangements for Warming, as with Hot Air, Water,
Steam, &c.

2. Contrivances for preventing Smoke, and Chimneysweeping Machines.

3. Contrivances for Ventilation on a large Scale. K. MISCELLANEOUS.

D. VESSELS USED FOR AMUSEMENT, AND SMALL VESSELS | E. FIELD, FOLD, AND YARD MACHINERY.

GENERALLY.

1. Seagoing Yachts of all kinds.

2. River Yachts, and Pleasure Boats of a smaller class. 3. Rowing Boats of all kinds.

4. Fishing Boats and Vessels.

5. Life Boats and Paddle-box Boats.

E. RIGGING, ANCHORS, WINDLASSES, CAPSTANS, SHEATHING,
AND ARTICLES CONNECTED WITH PRACTICAL SEA-
MANSHIP AND THE SAVING OF LIFE FROM SHIPWRECK.
F. INFANTRY ARMY-CLOTHING AND ACCOUTREMENTS.
G. CAVALRY ARMY-CLOTHING AND ACCOUTREMENTS.
H. CAMP EQUIPAGE, SUCH AS MARQUEES, TENTS, &c.
I. NAVAL GUNNERY, AND WEAPONS OF ATTACK AND DE-
FENCE MORE ESPECIALLY Adapted to NAVAL PUR-
POSES.

J. ARTILLERY EQUIPMENTS, BOTH IN GARRISON AND THE
FIELD, MACHINES FOR MOUNTING AND DISMOUNT-
ING ORDNANCE.

X. Philosophical Instruments, and Processes depending upon their use: Musical, Horological, and Surgical Instruments.

A. INSTRUMENTS FOR THE MEASUREMENT OF SPACE. 1. In fixed observatories, as Transits, Transit Circles, great Quadrants, Mural Circles, Zenith Sectors, Altarimeters, Equatorials, Collimators, &c. 2. For Nautical Astronomy and Observations, as Sextants, Reflecting and Repeating Circles, Dip Sectors, &c.

3. Astronomical and Topographical Illustrations, as
Globes, Orreries, Planetariums, Maps, Charts, &c.
4. Optical Instruments, as great Refracting and Re-
flecting Telescopes, with their appurtenances, equa-
torial motions, &c.

5. Apparatus subordinate to Graduated Instruments, as
divided Object Glasses and Heliometers, Eye-
pieces, Micrometers, Micrometer Microscopes, &c.
6. Survey Instruments.
a. Topographical, as Base Apparatus, Theodolites,
Repeating Circles, Geodetic Signals, Levelling
Apparatus, Miners' and Prismatic Compasses,
Pocket Sextants, Perambulators, Pedometers.
b. Hydrographical, as Sounding Machines, Patent
Logs, Current Meters, Silometers.

A. INSTRUMENTS TO MEASURE THE EFFECTS OF MECHANICAL
AND PHYSICAL FORCES.

1. Mechanical, as Dynamometers, Tachymeters.

2. Mass (Weighing Instruments), as Weighing Machines, Scales, Chemical and Assay Balances.

3. Density, as Areometers and other Instruments to determine Specific Gravity, Invariable Pendulums, Atwood's Machine.

4. To measure other Physical Effects, including Meteorological Instruments, as Barometers, Hydrometers, Eudiometers, Thermometers, Pyrometers, Electrometers, Rheometers, Magnetometers, &c.

C. INSTRUMENTS TO ILLUSTRATE THE LAWS OF MECHANICAL | E. AUTOMATIC INSTRUMENTS.

AND PHYSICAL SCIENCE.

1. "Kinematics,"--Instruments to exhibit and describe

Mechanical Organs. Musical Boxes, &c.

Motions and their Combinations, as Compasses, F. MISCELLANEOUS ARTICLES IN CONNEXION WITH MUSICAL
Pentagraphs, Instruments for describing Elliptical

and other Figures, &c.

2. Mechanics, or Instruments to illustrate the Laws of Static and Dynamic Forces.

a. Stereo-Mechanics, as for illustrating Mechanical Powers, accelerated and retarded Motion, Equilibrium and Parallelogram of Forces, Levers, Cathetometers, Centripetal and Centrifugal Forces, Elasticity, &c.

b. Hydro-Mechanics, as Instruments to illustrate the Motion and Impinging Force of Waves, &c. c. Pneumo-Mechanics, as Apparatus connected with the Air-Pump, &c.

3. Instruments to illustrate the Laws of Corpuscular Forces, as Whitworth's Planes, Endosmometers, &c.

4. Instruments to illustrate the Laws of Sound.

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b. Alarums, Bells.

c. Models of Acoustical Buildings, &c.

3. Light-Instruments to assist Vision, as smaller Te-
lescopes, Opera Glasses, Spectacles, Microscopes,
Lenses, Mirrors, Signals, Visual Telegraphs, Light-
houses, Optical Illusions, Gas and Solar Micro-
scopes, Cameras, Photography, Polarization of
Light, &c.

4. Heat-Apparatus for producing Heat, for Freezing,
Thermostats, Burning Lenses, and Mirrors, &c.
5. Magnetism and Electricity-Mariner's Compasses,
Electric and Electro-Magnetic Telegraphs, Elec-
tric Light, applications of Electro-Magnetism as
a Motive Power, Therapeutic applications of
Electricity, Electrotype Apparatus and Speci-
mens, &c.

E. CHEMICAL AND PHARMACEUTICAL APPARATUS.
F. MISCELLANEOUS.

INSTRUMENTS.

1. With 3 and 4 wheel Trains.

2. With Remontoires and with various Escapements.

3. To strike the Hours, and the Hours and Quarters.

4. The various Compensation Pendulums in use.

5. The various modes of making the Work to carry the Hands, and communicating the motion from the Clock to the Hands.

6. Electric or Magneto-electric Clocks.

ASTRONOMICAL CLOCKS.

1. The various Escapements employed.

2. The various Compensation Pendulums used.

3. Equation Clocks.

4. Clocks, commonly called Journeymen Clocks, for Observatories.

CLOCKS APPLIED IN REGISTRATION.

1. To register the Barometer daily for twelve months, or other periods.

2. To register Tides and Winds.

3. To register the punctual attendance of Watchmen and others.

D. CLOCKS SHOWING DIFFERENT PHENOMENA.

1. Cycle of the Sun and Moon, Eclipses, Moon's Age, Equation of Time, the Golden Number, Tides, &c.

CLOCKS FOR THE COMMON PURPOSES OF LIFE.

1. Weight Clocks.

2. Spring Clocks with Pendulums.

3. Balance Clocks of various descriptions.

CLOCKS AND TIME-PIECES IN DECORATED CASES, COMMONLY CALLED ORNAMENTAL CLOCKS, FOR DRAWINGROOMS, LIBRARIES, &c.

1. In Metal Cases, Gilt and Lacquered.

2. In Buhl Cases.
3. In Wood Cases.

4. In China Cases.

G. SUNDRIES APPLICABLE TO CLOCKS.

1. The various modes by which Clocks are kept going while being wound.

2. The various Escapements employed in Clocks of different descriptions.

3. Various portions of Mechanism forming parts of, or applicable to, Clocks.

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B. OPERATION ON THE EAR.
Special Instruments for-

1. Exploration of the Aural and Eustachian Pas-
sages.

a. Sounds, Catheters, Speculums, &c.

2. The Conveyance of Air or Liquid into the Tympanic Cavity.

b. Pneumatic and other Syringes in Metal, Glass, Caoutchouc, &c.

3. The Removal of Foreign Bodies from the Meatus.

a. Levers, Branch Forceps, &c.

Special Instruments for

1. Stricture and other morbid states of the sophagus, the removal of Foreign Bodies, &c. a. Including Esophagus Bougies and Probangs in elastic gum and other materials, Esophagotomes, Gullet-forceps, &c.

2. The introduction and withdrawal of Fluids from the Stomach; the removal of Poison, &c.

a. The Stomach Pump and its appendages, Enema Syringes, &c.

3. The formation and maintenance of artificial Anus. a. Enterotomes, Porte-Sutures, &c., by Dupuytren, Blandin, and others.

4. Prolapsus Ani.

a. All kinds of Rectum-Plugs, in metal, elastic gum, &c.

5. Fistula, Fissures, and Vegetations in Ano. a. Fistula Knives, Directors, &c.

b. Porte-ligatures (on Luke's and Sampson's plan). 6. Hernia.

a. Cutting Instruments for its radical cure.
b. Trusses and all artificial means of support.

7. Paracentesis Abdominis.

8. Physical examination of the Rectum.

a. Various Speculums (by Hilton and others).

4. Perforation of, and other Operations on, the G. OPERATIONS ON THE GENITO-URINARY SYSTEM IN THE Membrana Tympani.

5. The Conduction of Sound.

a. Including all kinds of Acoustic Instruments and Contrivances, Ear Cornets, Speaking Trumpets, &c.

C. OPERATIONS ON THE NOSE-NASAL FOSSE AND ANTRUM. Special Instruments for

1. The Removal of Polypi.

a. Various Forceps, Porte-ligatures, Serrenœuds, &c.

2. The Removal of Extraneous Substances.

3. The Arrest of Hæmorrhage from the Posterior Nares.

a. Including all Contrivances for "Tamponnement.'

4. Exploration and Injection of the Maxillary Sinus. a. Including Jourdain's Sounds, Catheters, &c. 5. Perforation and Injection of the Antrum.

a. Including Liston's Drills, Antrum Syringes,
Plugs, &c.

D. OPERATIONS OF THE MOUTH AND PHARYNX.
Special Instruments for-

1. Hare Lip.

2. Operations on the Teeth (Dental Instruments).
3. Myotomy and Ligature of the Tongue.

4. Cleft Palate and other Operations on the Roof
of the Mouth (Staphyloraphic Instruments).
a. Including Obturators, Cleft and Notched
Needles, Palate Holders, Porte-Sutures,
&c.

5. Excision of the Uvula and Tonsils.

6. Cauterisation and other Operations on the Pharynx.

a. Tonsillar Guillotines, Pharyngotomes, &c. 7. Salivary Fistula.

b. Parotidean Canulas, Leaden Threads, &c.

E. OPERATIONS ON THE THORAX AND RESPIRATORY Organs. Instruments for

1. Tracheotomy and Laryngotomy.

a. Including Marshall Hall's Tracheotome, Sampson's Springs and Tubes, &c.

MALE. Instruments for

1. Lithotomy.

a. Including Lithotomes, Gorgets, Staffs, Forceps, Scoops, &c.

2. Lithotrity.

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