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ners are always angry with God for rejecting their religious services, and never fail to manifest their displeasure: Cain was displeased, and manifested it. Sinners are displeased, and they manifest it in various ways: one way is by complaining of preachers for representing their services as sinful and displeasing. Another way is, by neglecting religious services, and running into total irreligion and infidelity:-Cain did.

5. It appears from Cain's conduct under God's preaching, that ministers must preach the truth, though sinners abuse it: God did, though he knew Cain would abuse it.

6. It appears from Cain's character and conduct, that sinners are in a most dangerous and alarming situation-do nothing but sin and displease God-are already disapproved and condemed, and continually liable to have their condemnation from God and his friends confirmed and established forever. Cain never has been reconciled to God nor to his brother, and never will be.

7. We learn from what has been said, that it is utterly impossible for sinners to be saved without loving divine sovereignty. 8. We learn that incorrigible sinners never will have reason to complain of God.

9. We learn that saints will always have reason to approve of God's conduct towards themselves and others. Let sinners turn, and saints pray. SENEX.

"OPPOSITION TO REVIVALS.

It ought to be carefully borne in mind that opposition to the proper means of revivals, is the same thing, in effect, with direct opposition to revivals themselves. The following pungent remarks by the editor of the Philadelphian, are recommended to the attention of whom it may concern.

It is to be regreted that the Universalists, the Socinians, the Deists, the old fashioned Hopkinsians, scores of worldly minded professors, and some truly pious Calvinists should employ the same contemptuous language concerning the revivals of the present day, and should represent them as wholly the result of human contrivance and agency. With all these persons, all revivals of religion are "got up," if the revival extends to more than half a dozen people in the course of three months; and those revivals alone are ascribed to the agency of the Holy Spirit, in which one here and another there is brought into spiritual existence so secretly, that if it excites new joy in heaven, it is a thing nearly unknown, and unheeded on earth."

The above scrap is taken from a recent number of the NewYork Evangelist. We have long been familiar with the sentiments and style of the editor of the Philadelphian, and are not at all surprised at his "pungent remarks." We have perused his "Contrast" and other philipics against Hopkinsianism, and have perceived that he felt at least as much aversion to "old-fashioned

Hopkinsians," as to Universalists and Deists. But, although we knew that the editor of the Evangelist embraced the "new divinty," and advocated the "new measures" to obtain and conduct revivals; yet we were not prepared for his unqualified approbation and recommendation of such remarks as those he here quotes from his brother Ely.

We ask for evidence of the facts asserted or implied in the above "remark." In what instance have "old fashioned Hopkinsians" made opposition to "the proper means of revivals"? The proper means, we should suppose, are those prescribed and exemplified by the sacred writers. Let a Hopkinsian of any fashion, old or new, be named, who has ever made opposition to such means. Let it be shown that the "new measures" to which some have resorted, in recent revivals, are proper, i. e. scriptural means of promoting the work of the Lord; before those who oppose them, are reproached with the crime of opposition to revivals, and classed with infidels. We ask for evidence that "old-fashioned," by which we understand genuine, Hopkinsians have used "contemptuous language" concerning the revivals of the present day; or have represented them "as wholly the result of human contrivance and agency." Some of the features and fruits of some late revivals, they have, it is acknowledged, attributed to "human contrivance and agency;" but even, in these instances, they have not attributed more to human agency, than those "revival preachers," who deny the special and irresistible influences of the Holy Spirit, and the sovereignty of Divine grace, and who teach that regeneration itself is produced by moral suasion, or exclusively by the influence of means and motives.

The following Article from the Christian Watchman, furnishes a specimen of some of the "means" of carrying on a Revival; for disapproving of which, Hopkinsians are stigmatised, as guilty of "opposition to Revivals themselves."

MR. EDITOR,--The remarks on Revivals which appeared in your editorial columns last week, are well worthy of the regard of Christians, and especially of Ministers. The appropriateness of such cautions is shown by numerous facts. The history of the world, and of the church, proves that man is a wayward being, prone to dangerous extremes. And though the record of the past clearly teaches this, there are constantly occuring in our own land, facts which convey melancholy instruction on that point. The following extract of a letter from a friend in the State of NewYork, illustrates the danger of which I speak.

"Last Sunday I spent at Rome, where there is a powerful revival. The Presbyterian Church are now holding a protracted meeting. Rev. Mr. B.,-with whom you are acquainted,-takes an active part in it. This is the 13th day since the meeting commenced, and it is expected that it will continue some time still. Many new measures are adopted, so new and strange, that my heart revolts from them. It appears to me, that there is too much contrivance and artifice employed, to produce excitement. The young converts are placed in the front of the pulpit, with the

older professors; and when a prayer is made, the whole house is required to kneel and to respond. Mr. B. went from seat to seat; and I heard from him such expressions as these "Pray away there, you young converts-I can't hear you-I can't hear youpray out-pray out." These expressions he made use of continually. I must say, that it looked more like Babel, than a religious meeting. Perhaps this is saying a great deal, but I felt then, just as I now express myself. Can it be, that a man can enjoy communion with God in the sanctuary, amidst the most distracting confusion? Is it right that three or four prayers should be offered aloud, at the same time? Does prayer consist in the use of the most intemperate expressions in which there is no meaning? Must not our reason, and our understanding assent to every thing which we utter?"

The writer of the above remarks did not expect that they would meet any eye but my own. And I must confess, I feel a reluctance to publish such facts; but then they ought to be known, in order that Christians may be incited to inquiry respecting the tendency of every measure, which is used in a revival of religion. Whilst we are warned against the danger of rashness, let us be careful that we do not go to the opposite extreme, and fold our arms in self-complacent apathy. A. B.

INTELLIGENCE.

RELIGIOUS.

Sectional division of the Presbyterian church.-A meeting of 22 ruling elders, recently held at Cincinnati, have petitioned the General Assembly to adopt the mode of representation by Synods, instead of Presbyteries, on the ground that the representation by Presbyteries gives an advantage to the Northern Churches. To show this they give the following sectional division. We have seen the effect of sectional feelings in politics, but did not expect to see them so soon brought into the discussions of the Church of Christ.-N. Y. Evan.

Our church may be considered as divided into three great sections, viz: 1st, the Valley of the Mississippi; 2d, the region lying south of the Potomac River and East of the Alleghanies; and 3d, the region north of the Potomac and east of the Alleghanies. Min's. Ch's. Prest's.

Syn's.

In the W. Valley there are

575

967

47

10

In the South Atlantic Slope,

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44

7

In the North Atlantic Slope, 696 1040

The two first sections united, they say, ought to have a majority of 30 in the Assembly, whereas in fact, the Northern has a majority of 10, if every delegate were present.

Controversy between a Believer and a Sceptic.-During the past year, Mr Origen Bacheler, late editor of the Anti-Univer

salist, and Mr. Robert Dale Owen, editor of the Free Enquirer, copartner with Fanny Wright, and a leader of the infidel party in this country, have been engaged in a controversy respecting the leading principles of Christianity. The discussion was carried on in the Free Enquirer, and we learn from the New York papers that the whole is now published in two volumes. The editor of the Weekly Messenger expresses his unqualified approbation of the manner in which Mr. Bacheler has defended the cause of religion from the attacks of his subtle opponent, and wishes the volumes a place in every Christian's library.

British Congregational Ministers.-The supplement to the London Congregational Magazine for December, contains an alphabetical list of the Independent or Congregational ministers in England. The whole number is 1051. Eight have the title of D. D. viz. Drs. Bernett, Boothroyd, Burder, Collyer, Fletcher, Morrison, Smith and Winter. Six of them are in London. Seven are marked as L. L D. viz. Drs. Collyer, Cope, Humphreys, Payne, Raffles, Shoveller, and Simpson. Dr. Henderson is Doctor in Philosophy. Only 19 have the degree of A. M. The dissenting colleges not having the power of conferring degrees; and dissenters not being admissible to the privileges of the universities. The Congregational ministers in Scotland are 68. Among them are Dr. Wardlaw, and Greville Ewing of Glasgow.

The Slave Trade.-Christians and philanthropists are too apt to imagine that their work is almost done when it is only begun. The slave trade, for example, which many may suppose has been every where abolished for years, there is reason to believe is still carried on to almost as great an extent as ever. It has been recently stated in the papers, that an association of merchants at Nantz, in France, had undertaken to supply the island of Cuba with 30,000 fresh negro slaves annually! And in Brazil, it is well known, that for several years past, the importations have even exceeded this number!

Slave insurrection at Jamaica. The schooner-Harvey arrived at Baltimore on the 8th inst. from Montego Bay, Jamaica, whence she sailed on the 15th January. The captain reports that the whole island was in a state of confusion and alarm, in consequence of the insurrectionary movements of the slaves. The troops had been called out, and had attacked them, and all who did not surrender at discretion were shot. Martial law had been declared, and the vessels in port were not permitted to sail. The H. bowever, being full, and having applied for a clearance several days before the declaration of martial law was allowed to depart. Three British frigates had arrived there from Kingston, with 500 mariners on board. The insurrection was not quite quelled when the H. sailed, and Capt. Snow saw several large fires burning at a distance. A negro hut had been examined, aud 300 stand of arms found therein,

Prison Discipline.-The 6th annual report of the Prison Discipline Society is just published. It is full of facts, which deserves the serious attention of patriots, philanthropists, and christians

On the subject of imprisonment for debt, it is the best document extant; while it furnishes abundant evidence that the society has been active and efficient in other departments of inquiry aud effort, and has before it a vast and most interesting and important field of labor.-N. Y. Evangelist.

Theological Endowments.-A novel plan of endowment has -been adopted by the trustees of the Baptist Theological Institution at Newton, Mass. They have two excellent professors, Messrs. Chase and Ripley, and propose to raise $20,000, as a sinking fund, to be exhausted in 20 years, giving during that time, to each professor a salary of $800. It strikes us as a good substitute for permanent funds. It is less liable to perversion, less obnoxious to prejudice, and we may reasonably hope that, twenty years hence it will be easier to replace the sinking fund, than it is now.-N. Y. Evangelist.

SECULAR.

Colton Manufactories in the State of New-York.-The following statement was furnished to the American Advocate by Mr Williams, Editor of the New-York Annual Register, and one of the committee appointed by the late Tariff Convention to ascertain the facts here presented:

There are in the State of New-York, 112 Cotton Manufactories.

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Number of spindles in use,

157,316

Number of persons employed and sustained by said establishments,

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Literature of Northern Europe.-There is scarcely, in the annals of history, a more extraordinary phenomenon, than the progress of learning after its expulsion from the classic soil of Italy, northward to the British Isles; and from thence across to the iceberg laden ocean, to the volcanic shores of Iceland. That retired spot, on the borders of the Arctic circle, cherished in its rugged bosom the light of genius, during the dark ages of Southern Europe; and in more modern times, Icelandic natives studied in the Universities of Cologne and Paris, and from their seagirt country, contributed to arouse the continent from its mental lethargy. We have long wanted a literary history of Iceland-of its poets, philosophers, and historians-of its language and ancient sages of its discovery and expeditions to America-he who would venture upon such a theme, and bring to it a never tiring spirit of research and philosophic investigation, would reap indeed a rich harvest of fame and honor.--London Congregational Magazine.

Gas Lights from Water.-A highly interesting discovery is about to come before the public, resulting from the experiments of Professor Donovan, and Mr. Lowe, of Brick-lane Gas Works. Letters patent have been obtained for the invention; the subject is very much talked of, and the question generally asked is, how

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