his decease, which took place on the third of January, 1826, when the marshal was sixty-four, the Duke of Albufera resided principally at Marseilles. He had been afflicted nearly two years with a severe and painful disorder. In the few moments during the last four days of his life, in which he was sensible, he made his will, in full possession of all his faculties. Previous to his death, he became delirious. The Duchess left Marseilles for Paris, with her children, two or three days after his decease. Suchet was an agreeable man, with dark coarse hair. His stature was of the middle height. He was an excellent, and, generally, a very fortunate general; but he did not strike the beholder as possessing the extraordinary talent he had in military affairs. Belchite; in 1810, he reduced Lerida, Mequinenza, Tortosa, Fort San Felipe, Montserrat, Tarragona, and Saguntum; routed O'Donnel at Margalef, and Blake before Saguntum, and commenced the siege of Valencia, in which the latter was cooped up with his army. The fall of Valencia crowned the labours of this campaign, and procured for him the title of Duke of Albufera, and the possession of the estate of that name. He had, already, on the capture of Tarragona, been raised to the rank of marshal, and received the official baton, or staff. In 1813, the command of the united armies of Arragon and Catalonia, was confided to him, and in spite of the disadvantages with which he now had to contend, he compelled Sir John Murray to raise the siege of Tarragona, and obtained other signal successes. In The following interesting anecdote, November, he was named colonel-gene-related by the officer who was despatchral of the Imperial guards, in the room ed by Massena to Napoleon, during the of the Duke of Istria. Notwithstand- siege of Genoa, in 1800, to give him ing the progress of Lord Wellington, in information of his distressed situation, France, Marshal Suchet still kept his forms a very appropriate addition to our ground in Catalonia, for the purpose of sketch of the life and actions of Massena, collecting the 18,000 men which garri- given in a former number. "I was," soned the fortresses, and also of retard- said he, "in Genoa with Massena. ing the progress of the allies. While in Thirty-five thousand Austrians blockaded this position, he received official intelli- us by land, and the English fleet by sea. gence of the abdication of Napoleon, The inhabitants were starving. Mutiny and he consequently acknowledged was ready to break forth. We had fed Louis XVIII., as his sovereign; who on the most disgusting food; and the conferred several honours on him, garrison, consisting of 12,000 men, was and he was named a peer of France. worn out with service and famine. NoOn the return of Napoleon, Suchet kept thing could exceed the strictness of the his troops faithful till Louis had retired blockade, and frequently the British to Ghént; but true to his country, he ships came so close that they threw shells accepted a command from Bonaparte to into the port. I saw infants expire from repel the allies, who had again declared hunger, not having been able to draw war. At the head of the enemy of the nourishment from the dried-up sources Alps, consisting of no more than 10,000 of the mothers' bosoms. Massena was men, he beat the Piedmontese, and firm, but he saw his situation was well shortly after the Austrians; but the ad- nigh hopeless, and were he certain of vance of the grand Austrian army, not receiving relief, would willingly spare 100,000 strong, at length compelled him further misery by a surrender. Courier to fall back on Lyons, which city, how- after courier made vain attempts to pass ever, he saved from plunder by an the enemy, but both by water and land honourable capitulation, and with it they failed to effect a communication preserved artillery stores to the value of with Bonaparte, or convey to him a half a million sterling. On the same knowledge of the desperate situation of day of the capitulation, he submitted the garrison. Massena, one day thus once more to the king. In 1816, he addressed me. "Our lives depend on a received the grand cross of the royal communication with the first consul. order of the Legion of Honour; and in We can subsist a certain number of days, 1819, his name was replaced on the list and no longer; try your best." "I set of peers. For some time previous to out," said Monsieur L., "believing that to hold out even so long as the general said was impossible." "Tell the first consul," said Massena, "that we have ever beaten and foiled our enemies, even in a state of famine and misery; there are nine of their colours!" He pointed to them with a sort of theatrical motion of the body, and an air of triumph that had an effect upon my young and ardent feelings. I shall never forget it. It was the first time he ever spoke to me. I caught a portion of his enthusiasm, and declared my intention to proceed at all hazards. In the dead of a gloomy night, I succeeded in getting beyond the enemy's lines, passing on all fours close to a sentinel; and by a circuitous route I ultimately reached Lausanne, where Bonaparte then was. "How long can the general hold out?" He asked me hastily. I told him what Massena had said, but that I did not conceive it possible. "But he will," said the first consul; " very well. By the twenty-sixth prairial, I shall have beaten the enemy, and Genoa will be free." At this moment, Bonaparte was at Lausanne, he had to pass the Alps by St. Bernard, the strong fortress of Bar, the Tesin, and the Po, swollen by the melting of the snows-in short, what to my mind and those of any other man, were obstacles no skill could surmount in the time. Feeling for the misery of the garrison, I ventured to say, "General Consul, you have hitherto made us familiar with miracles, but I fear for the truth of your prediction that Genoa will have fallen." He replied, "that is my affair, sir; you may retire." The prediction of this extraordinary man was correct. I saw Massena and his attenuated garrison set free within the time named by Bonaparte; and how they subsisted, is as great a miracle to me even at this moment, as the passage of the Alps by the then first consul. THE REWARD OF GALLANTRY. Ar the famous battle of Poictiers, James, Lord Audley, obtained leave of the Black Prince to charge in the front, in consequence of a vow which he had made. Accordingly, being attended by four esquires, he performed such extraordinary feats of valour, as distinguished him from all the gallant noblemen who were engaged on that day. At length, however, he was so grievously wounded, that the esquires were obliged to bear him out of the field, to lay him under a hedge, and there to take off his armour, and bind up his wounds. As soon as the French were defeated, the prince inquired for Lord Audley, and being informed that he was grievously wounded, and laid in a litter hard by " By my faith!" said he, "of his hurts I am right sorry; go and ask if he may be brought hither, otherwise I will go to him where he is." Then two of his knights went to Lord Audley, and said -"Sir," the prince desireth greatly to see you." Ah! Sirs," replied he," I thank the prince, that he is pleased to think of so poor a knight as Î am." Then he directed his servants to carry him in his litter to the prince, and when he came, his highness embraced him with great tenderness, and after many compliments, said-" Sir James, I, and all here present, acknowledge you to have distinguished yourself from us all, in the bloody business of this day; wherefore I retain you for ever to be my knight, with five hundred marks of yearly revenue, which I shall assign you of my heritage in England." "Sir," said Lord Audley, "God grant me to deserve the great goodness you have shewn me;" and so he took his leave, being very feeble. This annuity, Lord Audley bestowed upon his four faithful esquires; which, coming to the knowledge of the prince, he sent for him, and said—“ My lord, we thank you for doing what we ought to have done, and we give you, besides, a pension of six hundred marks by the year." GENEROSITY NOT TO BE CHANGED. WHEN Admiral Keppel was in a close engagement with a French ship, and the vessel appeared likely to sink, he gave orders for his men to cease firing. The French, in return for this act of generosity, poured in a smart fire. A broadside or two, however, from the English put them in the most imminent peril, and they struck; upon which boats were sent to their relief by Admiral Keppel, who saved the Frenchmen from perishing, while their ship sank to the bottom. London:-Printed by JOSEPH LAST, 3, Edwardstreet, Hampstead-road.-Published by W. M. CLARK, 19, Warwick-lane, Paternoster-row, and sold by all booksellers. AFTER every effort had in vain been resorted to by the allied powers of England, Spain, Germany, and Holland, to bring to a happy termination the negocia tions which had for some time been carried on between them and France, all hopes of peace, upon honourable grounds, were abandoned; and the negociation terminated with the disgrace of Monsieur de Chamillard, the French king's prime minister; while the determination of the allied sovereigns was fixed to carry on the war against that nation with the utmost rigour. During the period that the terms of peace were debated, the French court, and his holiness the Pope, were secretly employing all the subtle measures they could avail themselves of to detach the Duke of Savoy from the grand alliance. The double dealing and dark artifices of VOL. III. the French ministry, and their reverend and holy ally, were detected and frustrated by the penetration and firmness of Prince Eugene and the Duke of Marlborough, who, with the same coolness of temper and wisdom of action as they managed the affairs of war, treated now for the peace of Europe. The crafty were taken in their own devices, and the very means which they had proposed, and in part adopted, to divide the allies, operated to effect their common and individual security, and so bound them more firmly together; while they, at the same time, felt justly incensed at the infamous proceedings of France, and therefore resolved to improve the advantages they had already gained, by an instant and vigorous prosecution of hostilities. In pursuance of this determination, C the convention at the Hague suddenly broke up; and almost immediately after the politic and crafty French minister, Monsieur Rouillé, quitted the place, the Duke of Marlborough likewise departed for the purpose of placing himself at the head of his army. Prince Eugene had been pressed to go into Spain; this, however, he absolutely refused to do from his personal attachment to the Duke of Marlborough, as well as his conviction that his aid would be required in Flanders, he determined to remain with that distinguished general, and second him in his designs. All was now military excitement, and the cry "to arms," appeared to be echoed from nation to nation through the world. France beheld the position in which the duplicity and meanness of her ministers and generals had placed her, and by active measures sought to prepare for the storm that was about to burst forth. Accordingly, the famous Villars, concerning whom the French king had repeatedly made his boast that he had never been beaten, was despatched to take the command of the French army in Flanders; to Harcourt was intrusted the command of the army on the Rhine, while the Duke of Berwick presided in Dauphiné. The false shows of peace which France had displayed, were well calculated to lead astray, or iull to repose an unskilled diplomatist; and, beyond all doubt, the French court calculated confidently upon the success of their schemes. But the Duke of Marlborough was too old and experienced a general to be deceived by such hollow and perfidious exhibitions. He had penetrated into the depths of the designs of the French court, and while they were secretly exulting in the supposed success of their underhand measures, he was preparing with noiseless activity to open the campaign the moment the dark dealings of France should be disclosed. On the thirteenth of June, the mask which France had assumed fell off; her dishonourable schemes were detected, and immediately the assembly at the Hague broke up. On the twenty-first of the same month, as if accomplished by the potent spell of necromancy, the allied powers marshalled an army near Menin, amounting to 110,000 men. The celerity with which this numerous body had been brought to the field, was followed up by subsequent movements equally rapid; for, in two days afterwards, the right wing, under the command of Prince Eugene, and the left led by the Duke of Marlborough, marched and encamped in the plain of Lisle, on the sides of the Upper Deule. The activity displayed by the allied powers, was closely copied by the enemy, the forces of which were marching from all quarters to form one grand army, under Marshal Villars, in the plain of Lens, where he had already commenced casting up intrenchments to cover his troops. In consequence of information received from Arras, that positive orders had been given to Villars to venture a battle at all risks, the Lieutenantgenerals Dopf and Cadogan, were sent with detachments to take a near view of the position occupied by the enemy, and upon the report which they made of the almost insuperable difficulties that must attend any attack made upon the French troops, in their advantageous and strongly fortified camp, the confederate generals determined at once to lay siege to the important town of Tournay. Notwithstanding the strength of the fortifications, by which this place was defended, the conquest of it had at this time been rendered in some measure easy, from the circumstance of the reduction of the garrison, occasioned by the erroneous opinion formed by Villars, that the allied army intended to assail Ypres. Little doubt can be entertained, that the subtle marshal had been outgeneralled; by whose command a train of artillery had, with artful feint, been brought up the Lys to Courtray, with the design of diverting the attention of Marlborough from the supposed place of attack, no thought being for a moment entertained that Tournay was in any particular danger; such opinion, and the want of proper care of the town, greatly assisted the purposes of the allied powers, for on the twenty-seventh of June they suddenly invested it. Villars, when too late, beheld himself completely beaten in his designs; but to remedy as far as possible the evil his blunder had occasioned, the train of artillery was sent back to Ghent, and from thence brought up the The whole of this daring enterprise was executed with so much secrecy and skill, that the enemy could obtain no possible intelligence of the design of the allies, while the activity of their movements allowed the marshal no time to reinforce the garrison, which now consisted only of twelve weak battalions, and six squadrons of dragoons, under the command of Lieutenant-general de Surville. No one knew better than the heroic Duke of Marlborough, that discretion is the better part of valor, and hence, where others might have rushed forward with heedless impetuosity towards a place which appeared to be an easy prey to its assailants, he approached with wily caution, and as he neared the town, directed a detachment, under the command of the Prince of Nassau, to surprise St. Amand, it being a post essentially necessary to cover the siege; while another party was despatched to secure the possession of Mortagne-a station where the Scarpe falls into the Scheldt; both which purposes were soon effected, as the French troops thought proper to retire as their assailants advanced. which his own mis-judgment had given his enemy, by weakening the garrison of Tournay, Marshal Villars directed that 7,000 or 8,000 horse from Mons and Condé, should instantly advance, and endeavour by every means to throw themselves into the town; but his measures of assistance were unseasonably adopted: those with whom he had to contend, knew the art of war better than to allow such a stratagem to take effect. The approach of this body of cavalry had been calculated upon, which, upon its advance, found it utterly impossible to do any thing which could afford assistance to Tournay; and hence they retired without making the attempt. The opening of the morning of the third of July, presented an imposing spectacle around the besieged town. The whole of the troops appointed for the siege, had taken their assigned stations, from Cerque, above the town, to the castle of Constantine, below it, while the line of circumvallation was commenced on the near side of the Scheldt. Without exaggeration or poetic license, it might have been said— Each private soldier seemed a hero there, men. them all befitting respect, Lieutenantgeneral Wilks was despatched to receive them, with 2,500 grenadiers and thirty squadrons. However much such a step might have been dictated by prudence and military tact, it was proved to be unnecessary; for before General Wilks had reached the place, a lieutenantcolonel, a major, and above 700 men, had yielded themselves prisoners of war. The governor of Tournay, as he beheld the town thus suddenly and unex- Meanwhile, information was received, pectedly invested, appeared like a man that a detachment of 10,000 men from abruptly awakened from sleep, to gaze the enemy's army, was marching toupon the actual realization of some fear-wards Warneton. In order to pay to ful vision, while what added to the distress of his feelings was, the unprovided situation of the citadel with necessaries to maintain a long siege. In this extremity, his only recourse appeared to be, to seize upon the corn of the inhabitants of the town, which he accordingly did to a considerable extent, and at the same time he despatched a party of French dragoons to capture and bring in the cattle of the surrounding neighbourhood; in this attempt, however, they failed: the advanced picquets of the allied army cut off and took prisoners most of the authorised brigands; while the cattle which they had seized, to the number of between 700 and 800. the conquerers generously restored to the poor peasants to whom they belonged. Stung to the quick by the advantage At length, all the necessary arrangements were made for the opening of the trenches, and a bridge of communication was thrown across the Scheldt, and the allied generals made the following dispositions for the three attacks which they determined should be made upon the town and citadel. The first, combining an assault upon the citadel, and on each side of the river upon the town, was to be commanded by General Lottum |