In

applied to very strong beer of Old October. this month also is the great potatoe harvest.-See pp. 180, 181.

The sowing of wheat is generally completed in this month when the weather is too wet for this occupation, the farmer ploughs up the stubble fields for winter fallows. Acorns are sown at this season, and the planting of forest and fruit trees takes place, Some poetical directions for planting we select from the Year,' a Poem.

The cloud-aspiring pine,

Though born to brave th' adversity of storms,
Thrives best, removed when in its infant growth.
But should necessity demand the task

Of late transplanting, aid the feeble tree
With sturdy stakes. Less fatal then, the gale
Disturbs the tender roots. A fence provide,
That from insidious foes may guard your care.
To tender plants too oft the cattle's bite
Injurious proves. Soft bark the nibbling hare
Invites. So many ills on youth await!
On the rough hill the lofty beech endures
The ruder blast, but 'neath its shade denies
The vegetable race a sheltering growth.
Aloft the poplar waves beside the stream,
And turns its silvery leaves to meet the light;
There too the willow tribes, that ever weep,
Hang drooping o'er the glassy-bosomed wave;
And there the aspen shivers to the breeze.
The ash asks not a depth of fruitful mould,
But, like frugality, on little means

It thrives, and high o'er creviced ruins spreads
Its ample shade, or on the naked rock,
That nods in air, with graceful limbs depends.

BIDLAKE.

NOUEMBER.

THE Saxons called November wint-monat, or wind-month, on account of the prevalence of high winds in this month.

Vacation's gone and pleas and strife
Begin to blossom into life;

And Westminster is overflown
With wit peculiarly its own;
Chief justices with brethren three
Swagger in ermined majesty ;
Yet these, like other things, declare
What short-lived fools we mortals are;
For Hilary Term begins to wane
To Easter's transitory reign,
And Trinity's hot sunbeams now
Descend on Michaelmas's snow:
Succeeding Terms their loss atone;
But we, when once our days are flown,
With Littleton and Blackstone lie
Like records in the Treasury.

And who can tell, if we shall stay-
To earn the fees we touched to-day?
For with the wealth we leave behind
The uninheritable mind

Is what our heirs shall never find.

Remarkable Days

In NOVEMBER 1818.

1.-ALL SAINTS.

ANON.

In the early ages of Christianity the word saint was applied to all believers, as is evident in the use of it by Saint Paul and Saint Luke; but the term was afterwards restricted to such as excelled in Christian virtues. In the Romish church, holy persons canonized by the Pope are called saints, and are invoked and supplicated by the professors of that religion. The church of England instituted this festival in memory of all good men defunct, proposing them as patterns for Christian imitation, but not allowing any

prayers to be addressed to them.-For some rural customs on this day, see T. T. for 1814, pp. 278-9. *1. 1755.-EARTHQUAKE at Lisbon.

Towers, temples, palaces,

Flung from their deep foundations, roof on roof
Crushed horrible, and pile on pile o'erturned,

How greatly terrible, how dark and deep
The purposes of Heaven! At once o'erthrown,
White age and youth, the guilty and the just,
(Oh, seemingly severe !) promiscuous fall.
Reason, whose daring eye in vain explores
The fearful providence, confused, subdued
To silence and amazement, with due praise
Acknowledges th' Almighty, and adores
His will unerring, wisest, justest, best!

MALLET.

Some interesting particulars of this truly awful catastrophe may be seen in Mr. Buck's Practical Expositor, p. 365.

*1. 1815.-DR. LETTSOm died.

The life of this celebrated philanthropist exhibited benevolence, as a marked and prominent feature, accompanied as usual, perhaps, with some few of those slight shades and imperfections inseparable from human frailty. Yet, in consequence of his demise, charity has lost one of her most zealous and successful advocates; our literary and medical societies, a generous benefactor; and the sick poor, a physician, whose gratuitous labours and kind attentions served to smooth the pillow of care, as well as of disease. Dr. Lettsom was born in a small island dependent on Tortola, and was, in principle, a Quaker. Like Barclay, he addicted himself to literature; and, like Penn, he was the advocate both of civil and religious liberty. With a noble scorn of all little, narrow, and contemptible notions, his beneficence extended alike to Churchmen and Sectarians; to freemen and slaves; every one, according to his liberal notions, appertained to the friends, who displayed kindness and

humanity towards his fellow-creatures. See Annual Biography for 1817, p. 303; and Mr. Pettigrew's Life and Correspondence of Dr. Lettsom, in 3 vols. 8vo.

2. ALL SOuls.

In Catholic countries, on the eve and day of All Souls, the churches are hung with black; the tombs are opened; a coffin covered with black, and surrounded with wax lights, is placed in the nave of the church, and, in one corner, figures in wood, representing the souls of the deceased, are halfway plunged into the flames.

*2. 1810.-PRINCESS AMELIA DIED.

The following beautiful lines were written, by this amiable princess, during her last illness :—

Unthinking, idle, wild, and young,

I laughed, and danced, and talked, and sung;
And proud of health, of freedom vain,
Dreamed not of sorrow, care, or pain;
Concluding, in those hours of glee,
That all the world was made for me.

But when the hour of trial came,
When sickness shook this trembling frame,
When folly's gay pursuits were o'er,
And I could dance and sing no more,
It then occurred how sad 'twould be
Were this world only made for me.

5.-KING WILLIAM LANDED.

The glorious revolution of 1688 is commemorated on this day, when the throne of England became. vested in the illustrious House of Orange. Although King William landed on the 5th of November, the almanacks still continue the mistake of marking it as the fourth.

5.-POWDER plot.

This day is kept to commemorate the diabolical attempt of the Papists to blow up the Parliament House. The best account of this nefarious transaction is detailed in Hume's History of England, vol.

A a

vi, pp. 33-38 (8vo edition, 1802.)-See also T. T. for 1814, p. 280.

6. SAINT LEONARD.

Leonard, or Lienard, was a French nobleman of great reputation in the court of Clovis I; he was instructed in divinity by Remigius, Bishop of Rheims, and afterwards made Bishop of Limosin. Several miraculous stories are told of him by the monks, not worth relating. He died about the year 559, and has always been implored by prisoners as their guardian

saint.

*8. 1794.-WARSAW TAKEN BY THE RUSSIANS. The action which preceded the surrender of this place was extremely bloody: of 26,000 men, only 2,000, it is said, escaped the savage fury of the Russians, 14,000 being killed, and 10,000 taken prisoners. The sanguinary Suvoroff, the Russian general, afterwards put to death no less than 20,000 men, women, and children, in one of the suburbs of the city.

9.-LORD MAYOR'S DAY.

The word mayor, if we adopt the etymology of Verstegan, comes from the antient English maier, able or potent, of the verb may or can. King Richard I, A.D. 1189, first changed the bailiffs of London into Mayors; by whose example others were afterwards appointed.

'Twas at the venison feast, the borough won

By

's patriot son,

At top in pleasing state

The portly Mayor sate

As on judicial throne:

His Aldermen were placed around,

Their robes of scarlet with furred honours bound,

(A rich dessert the banquet crowned.)

The lively Sheriffs by his side

Each with each other vied

In suits of newest fashion's pride;
Genteel, gallant, and courtly pair,
Well ye deserve the charming fare.