A facsimile reproduction, one-half reduced, of a Chinese Moslem amulet sold at Shanghai in the leading mosques. The central character is the Arabic for Bismillah "In the name of God." At the four corners are the names of the archangels, Gabriel, Michail, Azrail and Asrafil. On the right side of the central monogram is the call to prayer in the usual form. On the left side is the first chapter of the Koran followed by the six articles of the orthodox creed. On the outer edge beginning at the upper right hand corner is the Verse of the Throne. This amulet is used to defend the possessor against Jinn and other evil influences and to produce good health and prosperity.

seldom mentioned in comparison with the Black Genie, and that whereas absolutely no harm, as far as I can find out, is recorded of him, he is, on the other hand, appealed to for protection by his worshipers."

"A very curious subdivision of Genii into Faithful (Jin Islam) and Infidel (Jin Kafir) is occasionally met with, and it is said, moreover, that Genii (it is to be hoped orthodox ones) may sometimes be bought at Mecca from the 'Sheikh al Jin' (Headman of Genii) at prices varying from $90 to $100 apiece." 8

One may almost say of popular Islam what Dr. Warneck does of the heathen Battaks of Sumatra : "The worship of spirits, with the fear underlying it, completely fills the religious life of the Battaks and of all animistic peoples. Their whole daily life in its minutest details is saturated with it. At birth, name-giving, courting, marriage, house-building, seed-time and harvest, the spirits must be considered." 4 What the Moslem belief in jinn involves can best be indicated by giving here the table of contents of one of the standard works on the subject called Akam ul Mirjan fi Ahkam al Jann by Mohammed ibn Abdallah al-Shibli who died 789 A. H. It is for sale in every Moslem city throughout the world. I follow the chapter headings without note or comment: the reader will pardon its literalisms:

Introduction: Proof of the existence of Jinn.

Moslems, People of the Book and the infidels of the Arabs agree on the existence of jinn.

Great philosophers and physicians proclaim their exist

ence

Beginning of creation of jinn.

The origin of jinn is fire as the origin of man is earth. Bodies of jinn.

Skeat's "Malay Magic," pp. 95-96.

4" Living Christ and Dying Heathenism,” p. 80.

Kinds of jinn.
Residence of jinn.
Diversification of jinn.

Demons' ability of diversification.

God gave different forms to angels, jinn and men.
Some dogs are of the jinn.

Jinn look at the private parts of man when exposed.
What prevents demons from sleeping at men's houses.
Man's Companion of the jinn, the Qarina.

Jinn eat and drink.

Some traditions concerning this subject.

The Devil eats and drinks with his left hand.

What prevents jinn from taking the food of man.

Jinn marry and beget children.

That jinn have responsibilities.

Were there any prophets of jinn before the Prophet? The jinn are included in the mission of the Prophet.

The jinn went to the Prophet and heard him.

Sects of jinn.

Worship of jinn with man.

Reward of jinn.

Infidels of jinn enter the Fire.

Believers of jinn enter Paradise.

Do the believers of jinn see God in Paradise? Prayers behind a jinni.

A jinn passed between the hands of a praying man.
A man kills a jinni.

Marriage of jinn.

Jinn expose themselves to women.

Some jinn prevent others from exposing themselves to

women.

If a jinn cohabited with a woman must she purify herself? The hermaphrodites are the sons of the jinn.

What if a jinn robs a woman of her husband?

Prohibition of eating and burnt offerings of jinn.

Jinn give fatwas.

Jinn preach to men.

Jinn teach medicine to men.

Jinn and men quarrel before men.

Jinn fear men.

Jinn obey men.

How to get refuge against jinn.

The influence of the Koranic verses on the bodies of jinn. Why jinn obey amulets.

Solomon was the first man who took servants of Jinn. What must be written for the sick.

Jinn reward men for good and evil.

How jinn cast down men.

How jinn enter men's bodies.

Are the motions of the epileptic due to jinn? How to heal

him.

The plague is of jinn.

The passions caused by Satan.

The evil eye caused by Jinn.

Its effect on men.

Jinn are bound with chains in the month of Ramadan. The worship of jinn by men.

Jinn foretell the mission of the Prophet. Heaven is guarded from them by shooting stars.

Jinn told of the Prophet's attack.

Jinn told of his converts.

Jinn told of Badr story.

Jinn told of the murdering of Said ibn Ebada.

It is allowed to ask jinn concerning the past, not the future.

Testimony of jinn on the day of Judgment.

Jinn lament and eugolize several dead Moslems.

Was Satan of the angels?

Did God speak to Satan?

Satan's fault in saying he is better than Adam.
Satan's whispering.

God's name drives away the whisper. Stories concerning

that.

Satan's call to man.

Evil-doing is desired by Satan.

How Satan seduces man.

Satan is always with the one who contradicts others. The learned man is stronger than the pious before Satan. Satan weeps at the death of the believer for being unable to seduce him.

Angels wonder at the escape of the believer's heart from Satan.

The four wailings of Satan.

Satan's throne is over the sea.

Satan's place.

Satan gave his five children five positions.

The presence of Satan at cohabitation.

The presence of Satan at the birth of every child.

Satan runs through man's veins.

Satans expose themselves to boys at night.

What diverts Satan from boys.

Satan sleeps on the vacant bed.

Satan never takes a siesta.

Satan ties three knots over the head of the sleeping.

Bad dreams are from Satan.

Satan never imitates the Prophet.

The Sun arises and sets betwen the two horns of Satan.

The sitting-place of Satan.

Satan flees at prayer call.

Satan accompanies the unjust judge.