Oldalképek
PDF
ePub

modes of conducting war, 145.
Are not deftitute of courage
and fortitude, 147. Incapable of military difcipline, 149.
Their treatment of prifoners, 151. Their fortitude under tor-
ture, 152. Never eat human flesh but to gratify revenge. 156.
How the South Americans treated their prifoners, 157. Their
military education, 158. Strange method of chufing a captain,
among the Indians on the banks of the Orinoco, 159. Their
numbers wafted by continual wars, 162. Their tribes new re-
cruit their numbers by adopting prifoners, 163. Are never for-
midable in war, to more polifhed nations, 165. Their arts,
drefs, aud ornaments, 166. Their habitations, 170. Their
arms, 174. Their domeftick utenfils, 175. Construction of their
canoes, 176. The liftleffnefs with which they apply to labour,
177. Their religion, 180. Some tribes altogether deftiture of
ány, 183. Remarkable diversity in their religious notions, 188.
Their ideas of the immortality of the foul, 191. Their modes
of burial, 193. Why their phyficians pretend to be conjurers, 195.
Their love of dancing, 199. Their immoderate paffion for gaming,
203. Are extremely addicted to drunkennefs, 204. Put their aged
aad incurable to death, 209. General estimate of their chara&er,
210. Their intelle&ual powers, 211. Their political talents, 213.
Powers of affection, 215. Hardness of heart, 216. Their in-
fenfibility, 217. Taciturnity, 219. Their cuning, 220. Their
virtues, 222. Their fpirit of independence, ibid. Fortitude.
ibid. Attachment to their community, 223. Their fatisfaction
with their own condition, 224. General caution with refpe&
to this inquiry, 228. Two diftinguishable claffes of, 230, Ex-
ceptions as to their character, 231. Their characteristick features
defcribed, 454. Inftances of their perfevering speed, 456. An
antipathy induftrioufly encouraged between them and the ne
groes in America, by the Spaniards, iii. 292. Their present
condition, 293. How taxed, 294. Stated fervices demanded
from them, 295. Mode of exa&ting thefe fervices, 296. How
governed, 297. Protector of the Indians, his function, 298.
Reasons why fo fmall a progrefs is made in their converfion,
3II.

Amerigo Vefpucci publifhed the first written account of the New
World, and hence gave name to America, i. 197. His claim
as difcoverer examined, 362.

Anacoana, a female cazique of Hifpaniola, her bafe and cruel
ufage by the Spaniards, i. 236.

Andes, ftupendous height and extent of that range of mountains,
ii. 4. Their height compared with other mountains, 433. Gon-
zalo Pizarro's remarkable expedition over, iii. 81.

[ocr errors]

Animals, large, very few found in America at its first difcovery,
ii. 18, 19.

1

Ancients, caufe of the imperfe&ion of the art of navigation
among them, i. 5. Their geographical knowledge extremely
confined 330-336.
Arabians peculiarly attached to the study of geography, i. 36.
Argonauts, the expedition of, why fo famous among the Greeks,
ii. 13.

Arithmetick, or computation, the art of, hardly known to the na-
tive Americans, ii. 87.

Afcolino, father, his extraordinary miffion to the prince of the
Tartars, i. 42.

Afiatick difcoveries made by the Ruffians, ii. 38.

Affiento trade, the nature of, explained, iii. 344, 345. The frauds
in, and how put an end to, 347.

Atahualpa, is left by his father Huafcar his fucceffor in the king-
dom of Quito, iii, 22. Defeats his brother Huafcar, and ufurps
the empire of Peru, 23. Sends prefents to Pizarro, 25. Vi.
fits Pizarro, 29. Is perfidiously feized by him. 31. Agrees
with Pizarro on a ransom, 32, Is refufed his liberty, 37. His
behaviour, during his confinement, 38-40. A form of tria lbestowed
on him, 41. Is put to death, 42, 43. Comparison of authorities
relating to his tranfactions with, and treatment by, Pizarro,
390.

Audience of New Spain, board of, established by the Emperor
Charles V.ii. 427. Courts of, their jurifdition, iii. 273-276.
Averia, a Spanish tax for convoy to and from America, when first
impofed, iii. 467. Its rate, ibid.

Azores, thofe iflands difcovered by the Portuguese, i.166.

B

Balboa, Vafco Nugnez de, fettles a colony at Santa Maria, in the
gulph of Darien, i. 256. Receives intelligence of the rich coun-
try of Peru, 263. His character, 266. Marches across the isth-
mus, 267. Difcovers the Southern Ocean, 269. Returns, 271.
Is fuperfeded in his command by the appointment cf Pedrarias
Davila, 272. Is fined by Pedrarias for former tranfa&tions, 274.
Is appointed lieutenant governor of the countries on the South
Sea, and marries Pedrarias's daughter, 277. Is arrefted and
put to death by Pedrarias, 279,

Bark, Jefuits, a production peculiar to Peru, iii. 324.

Barrere, his defciption of the construction of Indian houses, ii.
489.

Behaim, Martin, the honour of having discovered America falfely.
afcribed to him by fome German authors, i. 352. Account of
him and his family, ibid.

Behring and Tfchirikow, Ruffian navigators, thought to have dif
covered the north-weft extremity of America from the eastward,
ii. 39. Uncertainty of their accounts, 451.

Benalcazar, governor of St. Michael, reduces the kingdom of
Quito, iii. 48. Is deprived of his command by Pizarro, 81.
Benjamin the Jew of Todela, his extraordinary travels, i. 41.
Bernaldes, inftance of the bravery of the Caribbees mentioned by
him, ii. 497.

Bethencourt, John de, a Norman baron, conquers and poffeffes
the Canary Islands, i. 49.

Birds, in America, their flight often ftretch to an immense dif-
tance from land, i. 344. an account of thofe natural to it, ii. 21.
Bogota in America, fome account of the inhabitants of, ii. 134.
Caufes of their tame fubmiffion to the Spaniards, 137. Their
religious doctrines and rites, 189.

Bojador, cape, the first discovery of, i. 55. Is doubled by the
Portuguefe difcoveries, 60,

Boffu, his account of the American war-fong, ii. 483.

Bovadilla, Francis de, fent to Hifpaniola to inquire into the
conduct of Columbus, i. 204. Sends Columbus home in irons,
206. Is degraded, 209. 213.

Bougainville. his defence of the Periplus of Hanno, i. 330.
Bouguer, M. his character of the native Peruvians, ii. 462.
Brafil, the coaft of, difcovered by Alvarez Cabral, i, 200.' Re-
marks on the climate of, ii. 439.

Bridges, Peruvian, defcribed, iii. 426.

Buenos Ayres, in South America, fome account of that province,
iii. 249.

Bulls, papal, of no force in Spanish America, before examined
and approved by the royal council of the Indies, iii. 302.
See Cruzado.

Burial of the dead, American mode of ii. 193.

C

Cabral, Alvarez, a Portuguefe commander, difcovers the coast of
Bratil, i. 200.

Cacao, the best in quality, produced in the Spanifh American co-
lonies, iii. 325. The preparation of chocolate from, derived
from the Mexicans, 350.

Cadiz, the galeons and flota, removed thither from Seville, iii.
336.

California, the peninfula of, difcovered by Fernando Cortes, ii.
428.
The true state of this country long unknown, iii. 239.
Why depreciated by the Jefuits, 240. Favourable account of,
given by Don Jofeph Galvez, ibid.

Californians, the character of, by P. Venegas, ii. 466.

Campeachy, difcovered by Cordova, who is repulfed by the na-
tives, i. 317.

Campomanes, Don Pedro Rodriguez, chara&er of his political and
commercial writings, iii. 461. His account of the produce of
the Spanish American mines, 469.

Canary iflands erected into a kingdom by pope Clement VI. i. 49.
Are conquered by John de Bethencourt, ibid.
Cannibals, no people ever found to eat human flesh for fubfift-
ence, though often for revenge, ii. 156, 484.

Canoes, American, the conftru&tion of, defcribed, ii. 176.
Caraccas, establishment of the company trading to that coaft, iii.
351. Growth of the trade, 458.

Caribbee iflands, difcovered by Columbus in his fecond voyage,
i. 151.

Caribbees, their spirit peculiarly fierce, ii, 232. Their character
by M. de Chanvalon, 465. Probable conje&ture as to the dif-
tinction in character between them and the natives of the larger
iflands, 498.

Carpini, his extraordinary miffion to the prince of the Tartars,
i. 42.

Carthagena, the harbour of, the safest and beft fortified of any in
all the Spanish American dominions, iii. 253.

Carthaginians, ftate of commerce and navigation among, i. 10.
The famous voyages of Hanno and Hamilco, 12.

[ocr errors]

Carvajal, Francifco de, contributes to Vaca de Caftro's victory
over young Almagro, iii. 96. Encourages Gonzalo Pizarro to
affume the government of Peru, 117. Advises Pizarro to affume
the fovereignty of the country, 123, Is feized by Gafca and
executed, 142.

Caftilo, Bernal Diaz del, character of his Hiftoria Verdadera de la
Conquista de la Nueva Espagna, ii. 502.

Centeno, Diego, revolts from Gonzalo Pizarro to the viceroy of
Peru, iii. 119. Is defeated. by Carvajal, and fecretes himself
in a cave, 121. Sallies out and feizes Cuzco, 136. Is reduced
by Pizarro, 137. Is employed by Gafca to make difcoveries in
the regions about the rives Plata, 148.

Chanvalon, M. de, his character of the native Caribbees, ii. 465.

1

[ocr errors]

Chapetones, in the Spanifh American colonies, who thus diftin
guifhed, iii. 287.

Charles II. king of Spain, established packed-boats between Spain
and the colonies, iii. 355. Allows free trade to the windward
iflands, 356. Grants the colonies a free trade with each other,
359.
Charles V. emperor, fends Roderigo de Figueroa to Hifpaniola, as
chief judge, to regulate the treatment of the Indians, i. 297.
Canfes this fubject to be debated before him, 304. Equips a
fquadron at the licitation of Ferdinand Magellan, ii. 408. Re-
figns his claim on the Moluccas to the Portuguese, 414. Ap-
points Cortes governor of New Spain, 416. Rewards him on
coming home, 426. Eftablifhes a board called the Audience of
New Spain, 427. His confutations on American affairs, ii.
98-100. Eftablishes new regulations, 103, 104.
Chili, is invaded by Almagro, iii. 56. How fubjected by the Spa-
niards, 244. Excellence of its climate and foil, ibid, 245. Cause
of its being neglected, 246, Profpe&t of its improvement, 247.
Chiquitos, political state of that people, from Fernandez, ii. 478.
Chocolate, the ufe of, derived from the Mextcans, iii. 351.
Cholula, in Mexico, arrival of Cortes there, with fome account
of the town, ii. 295. A confpiracy aga nft Cortes difcovered,
and the inhabitants deftroyed, 297.

Cicero, inftance of his ignorance in geography, i. 337.
Cinaloa, political ftate of the people there, ii. 478. Their mode
of living, 488. Are deftitute of all religion, 493. Extraordinary
large grain of gold found there, iii. 427,

Cineguilla, in the province of Sonora, late difcoveries of rich
mines made there by the Spaniards, iii. 238. Probable effects
of thefe difcoveries, 239.

Clement VI. pope, ere&ts the Canary islands into a kingdom, i, 49.
Climates, influenced by a variety of caufes, ii. 8. Their operation

on mankind, 228. Inquiry into the caufe of the different de-
grees of heat in, 435, 436.

Cochineal, an important production, almoft peculiar to New Spain,
iii. 324.

Cold, extraordinary predominance of, in the climate of America,
ii. 8. Caufes of this peculiarity, ro.
Colonies, Spanish American, view of the policy and trade of, iii.
259. Depopulation the first effect of them, ibid. Causes of this
depopulation, 260. The fmall-pox very fatal to, 262. General
iden of the Spanish policy in, 268. Early interpofition of the
regal authority in, 269. An exclufive trade the first object in,"
279. Compared with those of ancient Greece and Rome, 280.
The great restrictious they are fubje&t to, 282. Slow progrefs of

[ocr errors]
« ElőzőTovább »