President, and at the next, on the 12th, "after an earnest apology for himself to be excused," he submitted to their order, and took his place according; and upon the Court resolving he should be styled Lord High President, he protested against the title, but was overruled by the Court. Arrangements were next made for the attendance of a guard, for the fitting-up of the court, &c.

At the meeting on Jan. 13, the "discretion " which prompted the President to have his memorable "broad-brimmed hat" made bullet-proof,* induced the Commissioners to order the Serjeantat-arms to search and secure the vaults under the Painted Chamber, their place of meeting.

On Jan. 17, fifty-six Commissioners being present, such absent members as had not hitherto appeared were ordered to be summoned by warrants a proceeding which seems to have failed in securing their attendance.

In their anxiety to give as much appearance of legality as possible to what Hallam calls their "insolent mockery of the forms of justice," the Commissioners issued an order to Sir Henry Mildmay to deliver up the Sword of State to Mr. Humphreys "to bear before the Lord President." On the morning of the 20th, fifty-seven Commissioners being present in the Painted Chamber, before proceeding to Westminster Hall, Mr. Lisle and Mr. Say were appointed assistants to the Lord President, and as such to sit near him, and the charge against the King was read and returned to Cooke to be exhibited by him in open court.

At length, on the preliminary arrangements being completed, Charles, having been previously. removed from Windsor to St. James's, on Saturday, Jan. 20, the Trial commenced.

Bradshaw, preceded by the Sword of State and the Mace, attended by the ushers of the Court and a guard of gentlemen carrying partisans, proceeded to Westminster Hall, and opened the Court. The Act appointing the High Court was read, and the names of the Commissioners being called over, those who were present (sixty-seven in number) rose as they answered to their names. Then the King was brought in, and, as the official record tells us, "places himself in the chair,

This hat, rendered immortal by the second line of a very inaccurate couplet in Bramston's Man of Taste"So Britain's monarch once uncovered sat

While Bradshaw bullied in a broad-brimmed hat," is still preserved in the Ashmolean Museum at Oxford. Kennett tell us in his History of England, iii. 181, note"Mr. Serjeant Bradshaw, the President, was afraid of some tumult upon such new and unprecedented Insolence as that of sitting Judge upon his King; and therefore, beside other defence, he had a thick high-crowned Beaver Hat lined with plated Steel to ward off blows. This Hat had long hung useless, when the Reverend Dr. Bisse, Preacher at the Rolls, lighting on it, sent it for a Present to the Museum at Oxford, with a Latin Inscription to preserve the memory of it."

The charge having been read, and the King refusing to recognise the authority of the Court, he was removed.

On Monday the 22nd the Commissioners met in the Painted Chamber, and resolved that if the King refused to recognise their jurisdiction and answer the charge, "the Court will take it as a contumacy"; then proceeded to the Hall, where 70 being present, the scene of Saturday was repeated; and Bradshaw having ordered the default to be recorded, and that no answer would be given to the charge, the King was again guarded forth to Sir Robert Cotton's house.

On Tuesday the 23rd the King was again brought to Westminster Hall, sixty-three Commissioners being present; and still refusing to acknowledge the jurisdiction of the Court, Bradshaw directed the clerk to record the default, and the prisoner to be taken back.

The Court did not meet in Westminster Hall on Wednesday 24th, Thursday 25th, or Friday 26th, but busied themselves in examining witnesses (not, be it remembered, in the presence of the accused) and other preparations for "the bitter end." At the meeting on Thursday they determined to "proceed to sentence, and ordered a draught to be prepared, with a blank for the manner of the death. On the 26th the form of sentence was agreed to and ordered to be engrossed, and the King ordered to be brought up on the following day to receive it.

On the morning of Saturday 27th, sixty-seven Commissioners met in the Painted Chamber, approved of the sentence which had been engrossed, and ordered it to be published in Westminster

Hall.

ment against the King, that the said Committee have resolved That the open street before Whitehall is a fit place, and that the said Committee conceive it fit that the King be there executed the morrow, the King having already notice thereof. The Court approved thereof, and ordered a Warrant to be drawn up for that purpose. Which said Warrant was accordingly drawn and agreed unto, and ordered to be engrossed; which was done, and signed and sealed accordingly."

This was followed by another Order to the Officers of the Ordnance within the Tower of London to deliver up to the Serjeant-at-Arms attending the Court "the bright Execution Ax for the executing of malefactors."

Upon this Warrant, alleged to be so drawn up, agreed to, engrossed, signed and sealed, the King was, on the following day, Tuesday, Jan. 30, 1649, executed in the open street before Whitehall. WILLIAM J. THOMS.

(To be continued.)

SYMBOLUM MARIÆ.

At a time when so much is said for and against the retention or omission of the Athanasian creed, it may not be uninteresting to recall to remembrance, without dogmatic note or comment, a creed which, now buried though it be, and almost entirely forgotten, was doubtless dear to thousands or millions of good Catholics in those days when only fitful and transient breezes of heresy had disturbed the placid slumbers of the Church. The Psalter of the Virgin, a very curious production, and well worthy of more than a passing notice, is, in its Latin form, only noticed by Hain as having been printed once in the fifteenth century (Antwerpiæ, 1487), 8vo. The copy from which I am about to quote is, however, of an edition of 1497, an 8vo, it is true, but of extremely minute dimensions, and beautifully printed in red and black.

The composition of the Psalter is attributed to St. Bernard. It is followed by the Symbolum Maria, which I give in extenso, for it appears to me to possess considerable intrinsic interest,

and I doubt whether the text has been hitherto published in England:

"Quicunque vult salvus esse ante omnia opus est, ut teneat de Mariâ firmam fidem. Quam nisi quisque integram inviolatamque servaverit; absque dubio in eternum peribit.

Sola

"Quoniam ipsa sola virgo manens peperit. cunctas hereses interemit. Confundatur et erubescat hebreus qui dicit Christum ex Joseph semine esse natum. Confundatur manicheus, qui Christum fictum dicit habere corpus. Palleat omnis qui hoc ipsum aliunde, et non de Mariâ dicit assumpsisse.

"Idem namque filius qui est patris in divinis unigenitus; est et verus unigenitus Virginis Mariæ filius. "In cœlis sine matre, in terris sine patre. Nam sicut

anima rationalis et caro propter unionem de homine vere

A totally different work, of course, from the invaluable Psalterium Novum B. V. M. of Nitzschewitz (Zinns).

nascitur: ita deus et homo Christus de Maria vere generatur. Induens carnem de carne virginis; quia sic genus humanum redimi congruebat. Qui secundum divinitatem est equalis patri, secundum humanitatem vero minor patre. Conceptus in utero Virginis Mariæ, angelo annunciante, de Spiritu sancto, non tamen Spiritus sanctus pater ejus est. Genitus in mundum sine pœnâ carnis virginis matris quia sine carnis delectatione conceptus. Quem lactavit mater ubere de cœlo pleno quam circumstabant angeli obstetricum vice, nunciantes pastoribus gaudium magnum hic a magis, muneribus adoratus; ab Herode in Egyptum fugatus: a Joanne in Jordane baptizatus; traditus, captus, flagellatus, crucifixus, mortuus et scpultus. Cum gloria ad coelos resurrexit, Spiritum sanctum in discipulos et in matrem misit. Quam demum in cælum ipse assumpsit et sedet à dextera filii, non cessans pro nobis filium exorare. Hæc est fides de Mariâ, virgine matre, quam nisi quisquis fideliter firmiterque crediderit, salvus esse non poterit."

West Derby.

J. ELIOT HODGKIN.

Cornwall: Constantine. The brass of Rich.

Geyrveys, Esq., 1574, is stated by Mr. Waller Arch. Journal, xviii. 80) to be "palimpsest," and Flemish execution I have ever seen.' "the reverse is one of the finest examples of "The design is fully described in the above quoted notice.

Dorsetshire: Wimborne Minster.-S. Etheldred. Of this brass will be found interesting notices in the Arch. Jour. xxv. 172, and Gent. Mag., Dec,

1865.

be found more fully described by Mr. Haines in a Herefordshire. The whole of these brasses will paper read before the Archæological Association, and published in their Journal, xxvii. 85, 198. Cantelupe, Bp., 1282, remains. It represents S. Hereford Cathedral.-Part of the brass to Thos. Ethelbert holding his head in his hand, and is stated by Mr. Havergal (Fasti Herefordenses, 1869, p. 178) to be a unique example of the saint so represented.

Kinnersley. An ecclesiastic vested in amice and chasuble, Wm. Dermot (?), "discretus bacularius," 1421; mural, north wall of chancel.

Kent: Cobham.-The brass (XIX.) is to Wm. Hobson, and was found to be a "palimpsest" by Mr. Waller; and an accurate notice will be seen in Arch. Jour. xxv. 249.

S. Mary Cray.-I was unable to discover the brass of Eliz. wife of Ger. Cobham (11.) when visiting the church in Nov. 1867. Query, is it

lost ?

Horton Kirby.-There is a second brass representing a lady (in the S. Tr.), and a shield, "on a canton, a mullet."

Canterbury Cathedral.-A brass to Abp. Dene existed in 1644, and is mentioned by Weever, 1631, p. 232.

Lancashire: Ormskirk.-The brass is to Thomas Scarisbrick, who married Elizabeth, the base daughter of Thomas, Earl of Derby. A representation of the brass will be found in the Heralds' Visitation of the church in 1644, and lodged at the Heralds' College.

London, Middlesex: Westminster Abbey.-The brasses of Robt. de Waldeby, Abp. of York, and Abbot Estney, are both restored to altar tombs.

Norfolk: Lynn, S. Margaret.—For an account of these brasses see Mackerell's Hist. of Lynn, 1738, illustrated by Taylor. In the same book will be found an engraving of a brass (now lost) in S. Nicholas church to Thomas Waterdyn, Mayor of Lynn-"a tree finely engraven on brass, about the body of which runs a label with a motto or device, and under it two hearts are joined together." See also Archeologia, xxxix. p. 505, where the engraving is reproduced.

Somersetshire: Clevedon.-I believe there are two brasses in this church. If so, of whom? Sussex: Willingdon. The figure of John Parker's wife is lost. In this church I found loose a shield, but unfortunately my note is mislaid. It was engraved on both sides.

Wiltshire: Steeple Ashton.-Deborah Marks, 1730, aged ninety-nine; "palimpsest," very curious. See Jour. Arch. Assoc., xxi. 193.

Blackheath.

"KIDLEY WINK."

S. K.

"Now, this Kidley Wink is the name of a man, Who in London resides, and is fond of a can; He advised this new method, of turning the chink," And therefore each shop is called Kidley Wink. "The law was proposed, it could not have been better, By the worthy X-Chancellor of the X-chequer, And he made a long speech on the blessings of drink, But he ne'er took his can in a new Kidley Wink. "Now the consequence is, that everywhere

Tailors, hucksters, and all take to selling of beer; They pawn their best coats, buy a barrel of drink, Turn landlords, and set up a Kidley Wink.

"And the cobbler his pegging-awl drops to unloose
The peg-while the tailor, forsaking his goose,
Makes a goose of his friend, robs his purse, 'till the brink
Of ruin is found in a Kidley Wink.

"Then in country or town, wherever you gaze,
Strange signs of the times stare you full in the face:
Griffins grin in your teeth-Angels tempt you to drink
All your money away in a Kidley Wink.

6

"The Dog, Cow, and Horse are each pictured so pat, That beholders, quite puzzled, ask What sign is that?' But to some men the Devil, I verily think, Would be pleasing if hung o'er a Kidley Wink. "Now, 'tis plain that those men, with their malting and brewing,

Do themselves little good, while the landlord they ruin; For the profits of sale, and the strength of the drink, Are together dispersed in each Kidley Wink. "Then let each man in future keep to his own trade, And depend on't that all things will better be made; For 'tis vain for our huckstering landlords to think A fortune to make in a Kidley Wink. "But 'tis avarice makes us forget we're all brothers, And we seek our own gains on the ruin of others; Then, ye lovers of justice and hearty good drink, Pray for England's deliverance from Kidley Wink. 'November, 1831."

MRS. WYAT OF BOXLEY ABBEY.

Your columns are so kindly open to all who wish to ensure accuracy in their publications, that I venture to ask you to insert the following note. In my new edition of the Poems of George Sandys, just published by Mr. Russell Smith, I say (Introduction, p. 50):

"The Mrs. Wyat who gladdened Richard Baxter's eyes with the sight of the summer-house on the old stone wall in the garden of Boxley Abbey, in which George Sandys' retired himself for his poetry and contemplation," was, I presume, Frances, the wife of Edwin Wyat, serjeant-at-law (the serjeant spelt his name Wiat), son and heir-male of Sir Francis Wyat, the husband of Margaret Sandys."

Mrs. Richards, of Boxley Vicarage, writes to me that this is a mistake; and that the lady was probably the wife or widow (the latter I believe) of an elder brother of the serjeant, whose only child being a daughter did not inherit the lands granted by Queen Elizabeth to Lady Wyat and her son George, but did inherit what lands (Boxley Abbey included) the said George had acquired by purchase or exchange. This Mrs. Wyat was a Miss Jane Duke of Copington. Her daughter, Frances Wyat, married Sir Thomas Selyard; and their granddaughter (Lady Austen ?) sold Boxley Abbey. There was a fierce law-suit between Serjeant Wyat and his niece Lady Selyard, to whom the whole property had been left by her father or grandfather, which terminated by the decision that all the royal grant was to be his as male heir; while the portion which their ancestor George Wyat had bought, or which had been since acquired by the family, might legally be

devised to her (Lady Selyard). The serjeant erected a monument in Boxley church, on which he ignores his elder brother, sister-in-law, and niece. Baxter's Mrs. Wyat (Miss Jane Duke), Mrs. Richards informs me on the authority of the Hon. Robert Marsham (brother of my Lord Romney), who takes great interest in the family records, to revenge herself on the rest of the family for not possessing a son herself, tore up and burnt every paper, and deed, and record she could lay her hands on. Probably many interesting facts about George Sandys and his friends, or even his own MSS., were then irretrievably lost.

Boxley Abbey (now my Lord Aylesford's property) is about three-quarters of a mile from the church, whilst Boxley House is close to it. Both were the property of Sir Francis Wyat, George Sandys's nephew; but the poet lived and died at the abbey. Boxley House was the serjeant's residence. RICHARD HOOPER.

SCALIGERIANA. The compiler of the volume of "Table-Talk" in Constable's Miscellany series (Edinburgh, 1827), states in his preface that the Scaligeriana" was the first of these well-known collections in point of date; that it "professes to contain the opinions and conversations of Joseph Scaliger"; that it was published in 1699; and that it is "altogether unworthy of that great name, and affords little which is calculated to afford either amusement or instruction." Now, I have a copy of the

"Scaligeriana; sive, Excerpta ex ore Josephi Scali

REVIVAL OF THE STOCKS.-The following is worth noting in "N. & Q." :

"A novel scene was presented in the Butter and Poultry A rag and bone dealer, who for several years had been Market at Newbury on Tuesday afternoon (June 11). well known in the town as a man of intemperate habits, and upon whom imprisonment in Reading gaol had failed to produce any beneficial effect, was fixed in the stocks for drunkenness and disorderly conduct at divine service in the parish church on Monday evening. Twentysix years had elapsed since the stocks were last used, and their reappearance created no little sensation and amusement, several hundreds of persons being attracted to the spot where they were fixed. He was seated upon a stool, and his legs were secured in the stocks at a few minutes past one o'clock; and as the church clock (immediately facing him) chimed each quarter, he uttered expressions laughter and derision of the crowd. Four hours having of thankfulness, and seemed anything but pleased with the passed he was released, and, by a little stratagem on the part of the police, he escaped without being interfered with by the crowd."-Manchester Guardian, June 14, 1872.

THOS. RATCLIFFE.

A REMARKABLE PICTURE.-Some days since I received a catalogue of "the genuine furniture Bishopsgate Without, by Joseph Ingledew & Co." removed from 0- House, to be sold at 191, Therein lot 174 is thus described:"Portrait of Lord Nelson on board the Trafalgar, by Sir G. Kneller." There was something sublime in the idea of Nelson standing on the deck of a vessel named after the bay in which he so gloriously

in the second title and preface.] Geneva: Apud Petrus Columesium, M,DC,LXVI."

It is perfectly clear from the introduction, "Typographus Lectori," written in fine old Latin, and printed in superb old type, that the book is quite genuine. The contents were, it is stated, taken down from Joseph Scaliger's own lips by "Jacobus et Petrus Puteani," copied out from their manuscript by Claudius Sarravius, and digested into alphabetical order by another most learned man unnamed. I find the book both entertaining and instructive, albeit there is not the overflowing fulness and lively humour of the Menagiana and some other collections, and although the learned Joseph used Latin and French indiscriminately even in his table-talk with his friends.

embodied by Sir Godfrey. I hastened, therefore, to inspect this interesting portrait, when I at once came to the conclusion that, if really painted by Kneller, it must have been so, not in his lifetime, but nella miseria.

The Green, Stratford, E.

JOSEPH THOMAS.