per annum, for the maintenance of three fellows and four scholars, two of each to be chosen from his kindred, and the remainder to be elected from Abingdon school. The right of election was vested in the master of the college, two of Tesdale's senior fellows, the master of Christ's Hospital, Abingdon, two of the senior governors, and the master of the school.

The benefactors to this house have chiefly directed their atten tion to the increase in number of the fellows and scholars, and to the endowment of exhibitions. Among the contributors of these classes we find the names of Sir John Bennett, K. B. afterwards Lord Ossulston, grandson to Tesdale; George Townsend, of Rowell, in Gloucestershire, Esq.; George Morley, Bishop of Winchester; Lady Elizabeth Holford, and Sir John Phillips, Bart. To these it must be added, that King Charles I. gave the patronage of St. Aldate's Church, Oxford, and founded a fellowship for the natives of Guernsey and Jersey. Queen Anne likewise evinced liberality of patronage, by annexing a prebend of Gloucester to the mastership.

Pembroke College consists chiefly of two courts, both of which are on a contracted scale, with the usual appendages of chapel and hall. Only a small portion of the ancient building called Broadgates Hall now remains. The greater parts of the present edifice were erected, with the aid of private contributions, at various periods of the seventeenth century. The front (completed in 1694) is an unornamented elevation, with a low tower over the entrance. The quadrangle is uniform in its leading features, and possesses much neatness and simplicity. Adjoining the college on the north are the master's lodgings, a handsome modern building, undoubtedly convenient, but affording no hint of collegiate reference in its composition.

The Chapel is a small but tasteful building, of the Ionic order, finished in 1732, by the liberal assistance of Bartholomew Tipping, Esq. of Oxford. The interior is decorously, though richly, ornamented. The altar-piece is a fine copy, by Cranke, of Our Saviour after his Resurrection, as painted by Rubens.

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The original refectory of Broadgates forms the Hall of the present college. This room is ornamented with a bust of Dr. Johnson, by Bacon, presented by the late Samuel Whitbread, Esq. and contains some good portraits. Among these the most conspicuous are Charles I. a fine and interesting picture. Bishop Morley. Lord Ossulston, and the founders. The books belonging to the society were formerly kept in St. Aldate's Church; but a library is now constructed over the hall.

Several prelates have received education in this college, of whom the most recent is Dr. Moore, Archbishop of Canterbury. Among the eminent of other classes occur the following names: -Sir Thomas Browne, author of the Religio Medici. Carew, Earl of Totness, historian of the Irish wars. Sir James Dyer, Chief Justice of the King's Bench. Philip Morant, the historian of Essex. Shenstone, whose elegance of taste should assuredly embalm his memory, since the difficulties into which it led him tended to the shortening of his life. Graves, the contemporary of Shenstone, and the very ingenious author of the

Spiritual Quixotte." Dr. Johnson, whose acquirements were calculated to reflect immortal honour on the college which directed his studies*.

The present members of the society are a master, fourteen fellows, and thirty scholars and exhibitioners.

QUEEN'S COLLEGE

takes the sixth place in order of foundation, though the present splendid buildings are of a comparatively recent date. Robert Eglesfeld, Confessor to Queen Philippa, the illustrious consort of Edward III. was the founder of this college. Eglesfeld descended from a family of some consequence in the county of Cumberland, and is supposed to have been born at a hamlet called Eglesfeld, in the parish of Brigham. It is speaking a sufficient

Johnson's apartment was that ou the second floor over the gateway,

sufficient eulogy on his talent and integrity, when we say that he enjoyed for many years the familiar confidence of one of the bravest kings and most excellent queens that ever adorned the English throne. All his eminent opportunities were employed by Eglesfeld in defence of the religious establishment, and in promoting the dissemination of letters. He died in the year 1349, and Gough is inclined to believe that he was buried in the original chapel of this college, and that a brass plate, found under the communion table, forms a part of his sepulchral record. This brass "represents a priest in a cap and rich rocket powdered, with fleurs de lis in lozenges, faced and hemmed with a different border, and fastened on the breast with a jewel. The sleeves of the black gown are faced with fur." It is certain that the founder is traditionally reported to have been buried in this chapel.

Our local partialities become useful virtues, under certain modifications. We have seen that a fond predilection for the Alpine recesses of Wales assisted in stimulating Ap Rice to the foundation of a college for the benefit of that principality. A veneration for the district in which his youthful days were passed induced Eglesfeld to obtain a charter from Edward III. in the year 1340, for such a collegiate hall as might train the genius and cultivate the worth of those north country men who had hitherto been too much engaged in party broils and borderviolence.

In a very early stage of this undertaking he appears to have received encouragement from the court; for, in the original charter, the new institution is termed Aula Scholarium Reginæ de Oxon. Philippa shortly became the professed protectress of the society, and the honorary patronage has ever since been vested in the queens of England.

The members specified in the charter were a provost and twelve fellows, or scholars. The provost to be in holy orders, and fo be elected from the fellows. The whole to be, in the first instance, natives of Cumberland and Westmorland; but afterwards to be partly chosen from other counties in which the college might

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might possess property. A preference was regularly to be given to Eglesfeld's own kindred; but only four claimants, on the plea of consanguinity, have appeared throughout the many, succeeding ages. In the number of scholars specified by the charter it is believed that the founder alluded to the twelve apostles, and he intended to add seventy poor scholars, in attention to the seventy disciples of Christ. The same pious fancy operated on the choice. of numbers made by the illustrious Wykeham.

Statutes for the regulation of the college were presented in the year of foundation; and, in the tenor of these, exist some peculiarities, which, though not very important, demand notice. The members were to be summoned to meals by the sound of a horn, or trampet. Then the fellows, clad in robes of scarlet, were to take place on one side of the board, and to propose philosophical arguments to the poor scholars, who were ordered to kneel on the side opposite. No wonder that learning was confined to a few, in ages during which the approaches to it were rendered so painful and degrading! The scarlet robes of the fellows have long since disappeared, and the scholars no longer kucel, to propound philosophical questions, either before or after meat, but a trumpet still summons the students to the table of refreshment, and thus forcibly reminds the auditor of periods in which the vassal's horn occupied the place of the modern dinnerbell.

The death of Eglesfeld was a severe misfortune to the society. He had not failed to make continual purchases, when opportunities offered, for the enlargement of the college premises, and had prevailed on his royal protector to bestow several advowsons for the permanent benefit of the institation; but the collegiate buildings were yet incomplete; and, undoubtedly, much court-bounty was subsequently lost through the want of an advocate.

Many benefactors, however, speedily arose, by whose judicious beneficence the number of members was increased, and the revenues and church-patronage of the college greatly augmented; but it is impossible to avoid surprise on finding that, in the long

list of these liberal donors, few occur connected with those northern districts for the peculiar benefit of which the institution was originally designed. The QUEENS who have hononred the college with benefactions are, besides the excellent Philippa, Henrietta Maria, the consort of Charles I. at whose request that king gave three rectories, and as many vicarages. Queen Caroline, who, in 1733, contributed 10001. to assist in the completion of the buildings, and her majesty the present Queen Charlotte, who presented the sum of 10001. in aid of the repairs rendered necessary by a fire in the year 1778.

Among the benefactions of the 18th century was one so important in its nature that it has obtained the credit of a new foundation. In the year 1739, John Michel, Esq. of Richmond in Surrey, bequeathed manors and lands to the estimated value of 7001. per annum, chiefly for the maintenance of eight master fellows, four bachelor scholars, and four exhibitioners; and for the erection of suitable buildings for the accommodation of the masters and bachelors. Some legal delays took place, but the bequest was confirmed, by an Act of Parliament, in 1751.

Queen's College consists of two courts, the utmost extent of which forms an oblong of 300 fect in length, by 220 in breadth. The grand front is constructed on the south, and constitutes one of the chief ornaments of the High Street, so rich in architectural beauties. In the centre is the richly-embellished gate of entrance, over which, beneath a cupola supported by pillars, is a statue of Queen Caroline. The exterior of the quadrangle-cloister, in which are worked many niches, extends on either side. The extremities of the cast and west ranges of chambers, ornamented with a pediment, and surmounted by three statues, abut on the High Street, and complete the display of the front.

The interior of the court (140 feet long, by 130 broad,) is among the finest collegiate examples of modern elegance. A lofty cloister is constructed to the whole length of three of the sides. Above this cloister, on the west, are two stories, consisting

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