Bread and Salt: A Social and Economic History of Food and Drink in RussiaCambridge University Press, 1984 - 391 oldal Bread and Salt - a literal translation of the Russian word for hospitality - explores the social and economic implications of eating and drinking in Russia in the thousand years before 1900. Eating and drinking are viewed here as social activities which involves the economics of production, storage and distribution of food stuffs. These activities attract both social controls and state taxation; in this way the everyday process of eating and drinking is linked with the history of Russia. The dominance of grain in the diet throughout the period and the importance of salt, as implied in the title, are dealt with, as are the early Russian beer-drinking fraternities. The relatively late introduction of spirits, in the from of vodka, and it disastrous consequences in social terms are described. Tea and the samovar, also much more a latecomer than is generally realized, did little to diminish excessive drinking. Drinking, in any event, was by no means discourage by the state, since it was a major source of state income. The final section of the book looks at rural diets in the nineteenth century, when some variation and new items, such as the potato, became important. At the same time, peasants depended basically on the grain crop, as they had for thousands of years. Forced by txation to enter the market, afflicted by severe famines towards the end of the century, many peasants ate and drank no better as a result of the modernization of the county. |
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Tartalomjegyzék
grain and game | 5 |
Reapers fed by angels sixteenth century Podobedova Miniatyury | 14 |
Oldtime hospitality mideighteenth century Yu Ovsyannikov Lubok no 45 171 | 19 |
Tiled stove eighteenth century Yu Ovsyannikov Russkie izraztsy | 20 |
Gingerbread board I Golyshev Atlas risunkov so starinnykh pryan | 21 |
a major extractive industry | 27 |
Boiling brine sixteenth century ORK XIIIXVV 1 141 | 28 |
A portable salt container nineteenth century A S Bezhkovich | 73 |
A market for berries Moscow late nineteenth century V A Gilya rovskii Moskva i moskvichi facing p 129 | 253 |
Peasant carts outside a Moscow railway station Ibid facing p 128 | 256 |
Selling live fish nineteenth century J A Atkinson J Walker A Picturesque Representation vol III fish barks | 269 |
Street sellers of birds game caviare and toddy nineteenth century P Artamof La Russie historique monumentale et pittoresque vol | 271 |
Mushroom market in Moscow late nineteenth century Gilya | 277 |
Tavern and treasury | 288 |
rovskii Moskva i moskvichi between pp 288 and 289 | 289 |
1 Per capita consumption of vodka litres 18191905 | 295 |
ale and alchemy | 74 |
Commemoration of parents A Olearius Der Weltberuehmten | 80 |
A musical bear and goat S A Klepikov Byulleten Gosudarstven | 96 |
Distillation Bogoyavlenskii Drevnerusskoe vrachevanie 81 | 104 |
the seventeenth century | 109 |
The tsar at table sixteenth century Jacob Ulfeld Hodoeporicon | 114 |
A market sixteenth century Bogoyavlenskii Drevnerusskoe vrache | 135 |
Meal of the pious and the dishonourable Bakhtin Moldavskii Rus | 153 |
ishnykh dosok Vyaznikovskago uezda Vladimirskoi gubernii | 180 |
viii | 202 |
Making pancakes Yu Ovsyannikov Lubok no 64 | 222 |
Kvas seller c 1780 Le Prince Divers ajustements et usages | 226 |
A samovar E A Ivanova Russkie samovary no 22 | 238 |
Toddy seller Bakhtin Moldavskii Russkii lubok no 61 | 239 |
Peasant dwelling with stove and samovar A A Bobrinskii Narod nyya russkiya izdeliya fasc 7 plate 94 no 3 | 241 |
RURAL DIETS ON THE EVE OF CHANGE | 249 |
A late nineteenthcentury pub Bakhtin Moldavskii Russkii lubok no 66 | 300 |
2 Liquor taxes as proportion of ordinary revenue 18051913 | 302 |
Official business round A lithograph by P Sheshtakov 1858 | 308 |
Cartoon on the proposed abolition of the liquor farm 1859 Iskra 12 | 312 |
5 Revenue from liquor taxes mln silver rubles 18081913 | 313 |
Outside a country inn Artamof La Russie vol 11 37 | 318 |
Good times and bad | 327 |
1 Seasonal and class variations in diet | 335 |
4 Net harvests of all grains and potatoes Penza province | 343 |
The 1891 famine The London Illustrated News 6 February 1892 181 | 348 |
Carpenters The Royal Library Copenhagen | 354 |
Conclusion | 357 |
Main locations involved in the salt industry in Russia before | 358 |
379 | |
Más kiadások - Összes megtekintése
Bread and Salt: A Social and Economic History of Food and Drink in Russia R. E. F. Smith,David Christian Nincs elérhető előnézet - 1984 |
Bread and Salt: A Social and Economic History of Food and Drink in Russia R. E. F. Smith,David Christian Nincs elérhető előnézet - 1984 |
Bread and Salt: A Social and Economic History of Food and Drink in Russia R. E. F. Smith,David Christian Nincs elérhető előnézet - 2008 |
Gyakori szavak és kifejezések
allowed amount appears average became beer bread brine buckets called central changes church common concern considerable consumption continued cost decline diet drink drink-shop drunkenness early established evidently fact famine farm farmers feasts festivals figures fish gentry given grain half harvest head Ibid important included increased industry involved Istoriya labour land late later least less liquor live major mead means measure meat mentioned merchants monastery Moscow nineteenth noted Novgorod officials peasants perhaps period poor potatoes probably problem produced province puds quantities quarter region result rubles Russia salt salt-works seems sell sent seventeenth century shows similar sixteenth sold sometimes sort spirits stove supplies Table taken tion towns trade tsar village vodka