him, in a war with the English; [and] desired him to give her his advice in the case; and to tell her the truth, whether the Umpame* men, (as Philip had told her) were gathering a great army to invade Philip's country. He assured her he would tell her the truth, and give her his best advice. Then he told her it was but a few days since he came from Plymouth, and [that] the English were then making no preparations for war; that he was in company with the principal gentlemen of the government, who had no discourse at all about war, and he believed no thoughts about it. He asked her whether she thought he would have brought up his goods to settle in that place, if he apprehended an entering into [a] war with so near a neighbour. She seemed to be somewhat convinced by his talk, and said she believed he spoke the truth. Then she called for the Mounthope men, who made a formidable appearance, with their faces painted, and their hairs trimmed up in comb fashion, with their powderhorns and shot bags at their backs ticularly at the little village of Fallriver, this mount forms a beautiful acclivity in the landscape; very nearly resembling a view of the State house at Boston from a distance. On an excursion there in the summer of 1824, many gratifying objects were discovered, relating to the times of which we treat. A most beautiful prospect of Providence and the surrounding country and bay appears from this mount.

* The Indian name for Plymouth.

+ It has been a question among many, how the Indians became furnished, so soon, with our implements of war. It is not probable that every source is known; but they no doubt, had a large supply from the French in the east of Newengland. A man by the name of Morton, who came to this country in 1622, is said to have been the first that supplied the Indians with arms and ammunition, and taught them their use, in the country adjacent to Cape Cod. This he done that the Indians might hunt and procure furs for him. Secretary Morton, in his Newengland's Memorial, 76, says, "he had been a petty-fogger at Furnival's Inn, having more craft than honesty," but in justice to him it may be observed, that the Memorialist has made every circumstance appear in the darkest dress, and not only of him, but others, whom, in

which among that nation is the posture and figure of preparedness for war. She told Mr. Church these were the persons that had brought her the report of the English preparations for war, and then told them what Mr. Church had said in answer to it. Upon this began a warm talk among the Indians, but it was soon quashed, and Awashonks proceeded to tell Mr. deed, we had rather speak in praise. All historians, with whom I am conversant, agree that he was a disorderly person, of bad morals, and gave people much trouble. He resided first in Mr. Weston's Plantation at Wessagusset, now Weymouth; but that breaking up the next year, 1623, he next settled with Captain Wallaston at or near the same place in 1625, and the place being near the hill that separates Weymouth from Quincy, was called Mount Wallaston. Capt. Wallaston with most of his company abandoned the plantation, and Morton usurped the government. They soon found themselves involved in difficulties with the Indians and with one another. They erected a Maypole, and practiced their excesses about it. Selling arms to the natives being a breach of the laws among others, he was seized by order of the court, and soon after, 1628, sent to England. No notice of the complaints against him being taken, he returned the next year. He was afterwards imprisoned for his writings. He died at Agamenticus in 1644 or 5, according to Allen, American Biog. 441. He has been accused of giving currency to the story of "hanging the weaver instead of the cobbler." The author of Hudibras getting hold of the story, has, in that work, Part II, Canto II, line 403, &c., set it off to the no small expense of the zeal of the Pilgrims. See Belknap, Amer. Biog. II, 318, Prince Chron. 212, and Savage's edition of Winthrop, I, 34, 35, 36, where the passage may be seen. The latter author says it was not so, on the authority of Morton himself; but as the affair happened at Weston's plantation, where Morton was concerned, it is natural that he should say the right one was hanged. In a note to line 413, in the passage above referred to, is the following positive assertion: "The history of the Cobbler had been attested by persons of good credit, who were upon the place when it was done." Early authors hinted at the affair, and late ones have enlarged upon it. The truth no doubt is as follows: The people of that plantation were in a state of starvation, and by stealing from the Indians had incurred their vengeance, which to satisfy, they hanged one; who, Hudibras says, was a bedrid weaver, whereas the right one was a useful cobbler, whom they could not so well spare.

Church, that Philip's message to her was, that unless she would forthwith enter into a confederacy with him in a war against the English, he would send his men over privately, to kill the English cattle, and burn their houses on that side of the river, which would provoke the English to fall upon her, whom, they would without doubt, suppose the author of the mischief. Mr. Church told her he was sorry to see so threatening an aspect of affairs; and stepping to the Mounthopes, he felt of their bags, and finding them filled with bullets, asked them what those bullets were for. They scoffingly replied, "To shoot pigeons with." Then Mr. Church turned to Awashonks, and told her, [that] if Philip were resolved to make war, her best way would be to knock those six Mounthopes on the head, and shelter herself under the protection of the English. Upon which the Mounthopes were for the present dumb. But those two of Awashonks' men, who had been at Mounthope, expressed themselves in a furious manner against his advice. And Littleeyes,* one of the Queen's counsel joined with them, and urged Mr. Church to go aside with him among the bushes, that he might have some private discourse with him, which other Indians immediately forbid; being sensible of his ill design. But the Indians began to side, and grow very warm. Mr. Church, with undaunted courage, told the Mounthopes, [that] they were bloody wretches, and thirsted after the blood of their English neighbours, who had never injured them, but had always abounded in their kindness to them. That for his own part, though he desired nothing more than peace, yet, if nothing but war would satisfy them, he believed he should prove a sharp thorn in their sides: Bid the company observe those men that were of such bloody dispositions, whether providence would suffer them to live

He was afterward taken in the war that followed, by Church, and treated very kindly, as will be seen in the progress of this history.

to see the event of the war, which others, more peaceably disposed, might do. Then he told Awashonks, [that] he thought it might be most advisable for her to send to the Governour of Plymouth,* and shelter herself and people under his protection. She liked his advice, and desired him to go on her behalf to the Plymouth government, which he consented to. And at parting advised her, [that] whatever she did, not to desert the English interest to join with her neighbours in a rebellion,† which would certainly prove fatal to her. (He moved none of his goods from his house, that there might not be the least umbrage from such an action.) She thanked him for his advice, and sent two of her men to guard him to his house, [who]' when they came there, urged him to take care to secure his goods, which he refused, for the reasons before mentioned; but desired the Indians, that if what they feared, should happen, they would take care of what he left, and directed them to a place in the woods where they should dispose of them, which they faithfully observed. He 1 [which]

* The Honourable Josiah Winslow, Esq., who was afterwards commander in chief of the forces in this war. He was a son of the distinguished Mr. Edward Winslow, who was also Governour of Plymouth many years. He was born in 1629, and was the first Governor born in Newengland, which office he filled 7 years. He died 18 Dec. 1680, aged 52.

This war was called a rebellion, because the English fancied them under the King of England, but that did not make them so. As well might emigrants from the United States land on the coast of France, and because they were disputed by the inhabitants, of their right so to do, call them rebels; yet, when the country was neither claimed nor improved, certainly, to take possession and improve was not wrong. Our author is by no means so lavish of ill names as many early writers. Hellhounds, fiends, serpents, caitiffs, dogs, &c., were their common appellations. The ill fame of Mather, in this respect, will be celebrated as long as the marvellous contents of the Magnalia are read.

This sentence was included in brackets in the copy but as I have appropriated that mark to my own use, I substi tute the parenthesis.

took his leave of his guard, [after bidding] them tell their mistress, [that] if she continued steady in her dependence on the English, and kept within her own limits of Sogkonate, he would see her again quickly; and then hastened away to Pocasset ;* where he met with Peter Nunnuit, the husband of the Queent of Pocasset, who was just then come over in a canoe from Mounthope. Peter told him that there would certainly be war, for Philip had held a dance of several weeks continuance, and had entertained the young men from all parts of the country. And added, that Philip expected to be sent for to Plymouth, to be examined about Sassamon's death, who was murdered at Assawomset ponds, knowing himself guilty of contriving that murder. The same Peter told him that he saw Mr. James Brown,|| of 1 [and bid]

(Tiverton shore over against the north end of Rhodeisl

and.)

Weetamore or Wetamoe, " Philip's near kinswoman." Hub. 224. The same mentioned in another place, as Squaw Sachem of Pocasset." She was drowned in crossing a river or arm of the sea at Swanzey, 6 August, 1675, by attempting to escape from a party of English. Ib. 224. Her head was cut off, and set upon a pole. Ibid.

The same of whom the history is given in note 3 on page 21.

§ (Middleborough.)

Three large ponds about 40 miles from Boston, and 16 from Newbedford. In passing from the latter place to the former we have the largest on the right, which now bears the name of Assawomset, or Assawamset, and two others on the left. They are all very near together. The road passes between two, separated only by a narrow neck of flat land, about a stone's throw over.

I "One of the magistrates of Plymouth jurisdiction." Hubbard, 12. This gentleman was very active in the war. He was a magisirate between the years 1670 and 1675. Morton, 208. A minister of Swanzey is mentioned by Mather in his third clasis of Newengland ministers by this

name.