he received Major Pike's instructions, which are as followeth.

"Portsmouth, in Newhampshire, Sept. 9, 1690. To Major Benjamin Church, Commander in Chief of their Majesties' forces, now designed upon the present expedition eastward, and now resident at Portsmouth.

The Governour and council of the Massachusetts colony reposing great trust and confidence in your loyalty and valour, from experience of your former actions, and of God's presence with you in the same; in pursuance of an order, received from them commanding it; these are in their Majesties' names to empower and require you, as commander in chief, to take into your care and conduct these forces now here present at their rendezvous at Portsmouth; and they are alike required to obey you; and with them to sail eastward by the first opportunity to Casco, or places adjacent, that may be most commodious for landing with safety and secrecy; and to visit the French and Indians at their headquarters at Amerascogen, Pejepscot, or any other place, according as you may have hope or intelligence of the residence of the enemy; using always your utmost endeavour for the preservation of your own men, and the killing, destroying, and utterly rooting out of the enemy, wheresoever they may be found; and also, as much as may possibly be done, for the redeeming or recovering of our captives in any places.

You being there arrived, and understanding your way, to take your journey back again, either by land or water, as you shall judge most convenient for the accomplishing of the end intended; and to give intelligence always of your motions, whensoever you can with safety and convenience.

Lastly. In all to consult your council, the commanders or commission officers of your several com

panies, when it may be obtained, the greater part of whom to determine. And so the Lord of hosts, 'the God of armies, go along with you, and be your conduct. Given under my hand, the day and year above said,

Per ROBERT PIKE."

Being ready, they took the first opportunity, and made the best of their way to Pejepscot fort, where they found nothing. From thence they marched to Amerascogen, * and when they came near the fort, Major Church made a halt, ordering the Captains to draw out of their several companies sixty of their meanest men, to be a guard to the Doctor, and knapsacks, being not a mile from said fort. And then moving towards the fort, they saw young Doney† and his wife, with two English captives. The said Doney made his escape to the fort, his wife was shot down, and so the two poor captives were released out of their bondage.

The said Major Church and Captain Walton‡ made

This river has its rise in Newhampshire and flowing eastward enters Maine in about 44 d. 20 min. N. Mather, says this place where they had now arrived at, was 40 miles up the river. Mag. 528. Perhaps few words have been written more different ways, than this. The authors of the Newhampshire Gazetteer prefer that as in the text, except, that they double the g and change the last e into i. But people in general, that live on said river, adopt the better method of Androscoggin.

He was an Indian, and all we know of him is found in this history; except he be the one seized at Wells, mentioned by Mather, II, 545, and whose name is signed Robin Doney to the articles of peace at Pemmaquid in 1693. Ib. 543.

Col. Shadrach Walton of Somersworth N. H. A brave and valuable officer. In the long wars that followed, he rendered important services. To recount his actions would be to write a narrative, much beyond the limits of a note. More particulars of him may be found in Penhallow's history, in I Newhampshire Hist. Soc. Collections, than in any other work extant. He was with Col. March, in 1707, in an unsuccessful attempt on Portroyal. Here he fought a body

no stop, making the best of their way to the fort, with some of the army, in hopes of getting to the fort before young Doney; but the river through which they must pass, being as deep as their armpits. However Major Church as soon as he was got over, stripped to his shirt and jacket, leaving his breeches behind, ran directly to the fort, having an eye to see if young Doney (who ran on the other side of the river,) should get there before him. The wind now blowing very hard in their faces, as they ran, was some help to them; for several of our men fired guns, which they in the fort did not hear, so that we had taken all in the fort, had it not been for young Doney, who got to the fort just before we did. [He] ran into the south gate, and out at the north, all the men following him, except one. [They] all ran directly down to the great river and falls.

The said Church and his forces being come pretty near, he ordered the said Walton to run directly with some forces into the fort, and himself with the rest, ran down to the river, after the enemy, who ran some of them into the river, and the rest under the great falls. Those who ran into the river were killed; for he saw but one man get over, and he only crept up the bank, and there lay in open sight. And those that ran under the falls, they made no discovery of, notwithstanding several of his men went in under the said falls, and were gone some considerable time, [but] could not find them. So leaving a watch there, returned up to the fort, where he found but one man 2 [who]

1 [who]

of the enemy and put them to flight, being the only field offi cer then on shore. Again in 1710, he rendered important service at the same place, when it was taken by the armament under Col. Nicholson. In a note to page 119, in Penhallow's history it is remarked that "He was dismissed from service" (in 1725) "and was succeeded by Col. Thomas Westbrook." But on what account he was dismissed, whether from age or misconduct is unknown to me. He is mentioned no more in Penhallow's history.

taken, and several women and children; amongst whom were Captain Hakins** wife and Worumbos't wife, the sachem of that fort, with their children. The said Hakins was sachem of Pennacook, who de

*Hawkins or Hogkins. This sachem had been treated with neglect by Governour Cranfield, which in part may account for his enmity to the English. He made a treaty with them in 1685, which perhaps, was broken more through the negligence of the English than the wish of Hogkins. He appears to have learned so much of the English language as to pretend to write and read. Four letters from under his hand are preserved in Belknap, I, Appendix, No. XLII, &c. One of which, as a curiosity, is here printed.

Honour Mr. Governor,

"May 15, 1685.

Now this day I com your house, I want se you, and I bring my hand at before you I want shake hand to you if your worship when please then you receve my hand then shake your hand and my hand. You my friend because I remember at old time when live my grant father and grant mother then Englishmen com this country, then my grant father and Englishmen they make a good govenant, they friend allways, my grant father leving at place called Malamake rever, other name chef Natukkog and Panukkog, that one rever great many names, and I bring you this few skins at this first time I will give you my friend. This all Indian hand.

JOHN HAWKINS, Sagamore."

This letter is the best written of the four, and are all very similar. I copy it precisely as I find it in Belknap. Two of the others are signed John Hogkins, and one, Mr. John Hogkins, the last has no date, and one is dated 16 May, and the other two the 15, both having 14 signers beside Hogkins, who, it is probable, were his principal men. The name of Hogkins or rather Hawkins he received from some Englishman. His Indian name was Hancamagus. See N. H. Hist. Soc. Col. I, 221.

† A sachem of the Androscoggins. He was with Madokawando in the celebrated attack on Storer's garrison at Wells, an account of which may be seen in a succeeding note.

The country on the Merrimake river, including the present town of Concord, and the lands above and below, but how far, cannot be told; as those people never set any particular bounds to their country, that we know of. See Farmer's account of the Pennacook Indians, in N. H. Hist. Soc. Col. I, 218. The word should be spelt as in the text, but

stroyed Major Walden and his family, some time before, &c.

The said two women, viz. Hakins' and Worumbos' wives requested the said Church, that he would spare them and their children's lives; promising upon that condition, [that] he should have all the captives that were taken, and in the Indians' hands. He asked them how many? They said, about four score. So, upon that condition, he promised them their lives, &c. In the said fort there were several English captives, who were in a miserable condition. Amongst them was Captain Hucking's* wife, of Oyster river.†

Major Church proceeded to examine the man, taken, who gave him an account, that most of the fighting men were gone to Winterharbour, to provide provisions for the bay of Fundy Indians, who the author just cited, leaves out one n. Sullivan writes Pennycook. Belknap, whom many, justly in most respects, follow, writes it as in the text, with the omission of one n, as does Mather, whom he follows.

*

Hucking's garrison was taken, about the last of August, 1689, in which were a few women and boys. The Indians had been in ambush for a number of days, until they had ascertained how many men belonged to the garrison, then as they all went out into the field one day, the Indians cut off their retreat, and killed them all excepting one, who escaped, being 18 in all. They then went to the garrison and demanded a surrender, but the boys at first refused, and some fighting was done; at length they surrendered on terms of life, &c. The assailants found means to fire the garrison, which hastened the surrender. Mather, Mag. II, 515. This woman is supposed to be the wife of the owner of the garrison.

† Now Durham. The country thereabout, was formerly known by this name.

At the mouth of Saco river in Maine.

§ A large bay, sometimes called Frenchman's bay, containing the island Mountdesert, 8 or 10 miles to the eastward of the mouth of Penobscot river. Sullivan, 57, informs us, that it took the name of Frenchman's bay, from this circumstance. That with Demotte came over to America one Nicholas D'Aubri, a French ecclesiastic of respectability, who went on shore on the west side of the bay, and wandering into the