BURNOUF, Eugène, French Orientalist, | BUSH-HAWK, bird, XIV. 54. BUSHIRE, or Bushahr, town, Persia, IV. 574; XVIII. 628. BUSHMEN, African race, IV. 575; I. BUTTER, IV. 590; VI. 770; XVI. 304; BUSHNELL, Horace, American theo- BUTTERCUP, plant, XX. 272. BUSIRIS, mythical Egyptian king, IV. ancient town, Egypt, IV. 576. BURNTISLAND, town, Scotland, IV. 571. | BUSSA, town, on Niger, Africa, XVII. BURNT UMBER, pigment, XIX. 88. BURRA, East and West, islands, Shetland, South Australia, III. 109; XXII. 284. BURRAY, island, Orkney, Scotland, XVII. 846. BUR-REED, plant, XX. 319. BURRHEL, Nepalese sheep, XXI. 785. BURRING, in wool manufacture, XXIV. 657. BURRISAL (Barisal), town, India, III. BURRIUM, Roman station, Monmouth, BURRO, mountain, Utah, U.S.A., xxiv. 19. 497. BUSSAHEER (Bassahir), state, India, III. 424. BUSSORAH, or Basra, town, Asiatic BUSTO ARSIZIO, town, Italy, IV. 579. BUTADES, Greek potter, IV. 579; II. BUTANE, in chemistry, V. 557; XVIII. BUTCHER-BIRD, IV. 579; XXI. 845. BURROUGH, Edward, English Quaker, BUTE, county, Scotland, IV. 579; area and population, XXI. 528; representation, XXIII. 727. XX. 147. 316. Stephen, Arctic explorer, XIX. BURROW-DUCK, bird, XXI. 788. Earl of (John Stuart), English statesman, IV. 581; VIII. 357 BURRUS, Afranius, general of Nero, BUTEA KINO, drug, XIV. 91. XVII. 348. BURSEE (Barsi), town, India, XXI. 832. BURTON, or Burton-on-Trent, town, Sir Richard F., his African explor- BURTSCHEID, town, Prussia, IV. 572. BURUT (Buriats, q.v.), Mongolian tribes, BURY, town, England, IV. 573. ST EDMUNDS, town, England, IV. 573; XXII. 622. BUTI, Lucrezia, reputed mistress of BUTILIN, leader of the Alemanni, XVII. BUTTERFLIES, group of insects, IV. 592; BUTTERMILK, XVI. 304. BUTTERWORT, insectivorous plant, XIII. BUTTERWORTH, town, Straits Settle- Philipp Karl, German BUXAR (Baxar), town, India, III. 454. BUXTEHUDE, Dietrich, musician, XVII. 90. BUXTON, town, England, IV. 600; mineral water of, XVI. 433. Sir Thomas Fowell, English philanthropist, IV.601; slavery abolitionist, XXII. 141. BUXTORF, John (d. 1629), German John (d. 1664), Hebraist, IV. 602. BUYANTU KHAN, Mongol ruler, XVI. 742. BUTLER, Alban, author of Lives of the BUYER, his legal position, XXI. 206. 260. Charles, English writer, IV. 582. James, twelfth earl (first duke) of -, Joseph, bishop of Durham, IV. -, Samuel, author of Hudibras, IV. William Archer, Irish philosophical writer, IV. 590. BUSBY, Richard, headmaster of West- BUTSCHETJE, or Butshetsh, mountain, minster School, IV. 574. BÜSCHING, Anton Friedrich, German BUTTE, town, Montana, U.S.A., XVI. | BUYS-BALLOT'S LAW, of the winds, III. BUZUTUK, town, Russia, XXI. 243. BYBLIS, insectivorous plant, XIII. 137. town, Phoenicia, XIII. 613; XVIII. 804. BYELAYA, river, Russia, XXIV. 279. BYELEFF, or Bieleff, town, Russia, III. 667; XXIII. 605. BYELO-OZERO, lake, Russia, XVII. 606. BYELOVYESH PUSHCHA, forest, Lithuania, XIV. 701. BYELOZERSK, town, Russia, XVII. 607. BYERLY TURK, progenitor of race- Biezhetz, town, Russia, BUTTE-AUX-CAILLES, heights, Paris, BYEZHETSK, or XXV. BYLLINGE, Edward, American Quaker, John, British admiral, IV. 604; IX. BYRD, William, English musical com- BYROM, John, English poet, IV. 604; his BYRON, Lord, English poet, IV. 604; his John, British admiral, IV. 612; X. the third letter of the alphabet, IV. CAABA (Kaba, q. v.), sacred stone, Mecca, CAB, hackney carriage, V. 136. CABAL, advisers of Charles II., Iv. 619; CABALLERIAS, Spanish romances, XXII. CABALLERO, Fernan (Cecilia Böhl von CABALLOS, Puerto, town, Honduras, XII. CABANIS, Jean, on birds, XVIII. 29. Pierre Jean George, French physio- CABASSOU, kind of armadillo, XV. 387. | CABAZERA, town, Philippine Islands, IV. CACHALOT, sperm whale, XV. 396; xxiv. CABBAGE, vegetable, IV. 617; XII. 280; CACHAO, town, Anam, IV. 624. CACHEO, or Cachao, town, West Africa, CACHEXIA, disease, XV. 317; XVIII. 270, 618. CABEZA DEL BUEY, town, Spain, IV. CACONGO, or Kakongo, kingdom, CADAHALSO, José de, Spanish poet, IV. CADDIS-FLIES, insects, XIII. 151. CABINDA, town, West Africa, IV. 618; CADDOS, American-Indian tribe, XII. in United States, XXIII. 750. 832. CADE, Jack, Insurrection in England CADENCY, in heraldry, XI. 704. CADI, Moslem judge, XVI. 591; XXII. CADIZ, province, Spain, XXII. 298. town, Spain, IV. 626; observatory at, XVII. 713. CABLE, for ship, IV. 621; XXI. 597; as CADMEA, citadel, Thebes, Greece, XXIII. kind of rope, xx. 843. Submarine telegraphic, XXIII. 114. CABO CORSO (Cape Coast Castle), town, CABOT, John, navigator, IV. 622; X. 183. or Caprera, island, Italy, v. 77. 229. CADMIUM, chemical element, IV. 628; CADMUS, in Greek legend, IV. 629; XI. Mount, Asia Minor, II. 706. CADOLOUS (Honorius II., antipope), XIX. 498. CADOOR (Kadur), district, India, XIII. CADORE, Tiziano Vicellio da (Titian), CADUCEUS, Greek symbol of herald's CADUSIANS, Persian expedition against CADZOW FOREST, Scotland, Wild cattle CABURET, issue of Indian and Negress, CECILIA, order of Amphibia, 1. 751. XVII. 319. CACAO (Cocoa), tree and fruit, VI. 100. CACCINI, Giulio, Italian musician, XVII. CACERES, province, Spain, VIII. 564; town, Spain, IV. 624. CECILIAN, bishop of Carthage, VII. CEDMON, Anglo-Saxon poet, IV. 629; CAEN, town, France, IV. 631; university CERE, ancient town, Etruria, IV. 632; CAGNIARD-LATOUR, Baron, on the CAJAMARCA (Caxamarca), town, Peru, V. 279. CAJATAMBO, town, Peru, v. 279. CAERMARTHEN, county and town, CAGNOLA, Luigi, Marquis, Italian archi- CAJETAN, Benedict (Pope Boniface tect, IV. 641. XXIII. 567. CAERNARVON, county and town, Wales, CAGNOLI'S FORMULÆ, in trigonometry, Wales, V. 114, 115. V. 118, 119. CAERWENT, Monmouth, England, Roman CAGO (Oporto), ancient town, Portugal, ÇAKUNTALA, Sanskrit drama, XIII. 829. station at, XVI. 754. CÆSALPINUS, Andreas, Italian natural philosopher, IV. 633; his botanical work, IV. 79; his alleged discovery of the circulation of the blood, XI. 504; XXIV. 95. CÆSAR, Roman title, XX. 777. XVII. 796. CAGOTS, race of people, France and Spain, CAGUA, mountain, Philippine Islands, CALABAR, country, West Africa, IV. 649; river, I. 254. BEAN, poisonous plant, IV. 650; III. 461. XXIV. 140. CALABER, Quintus, Greek poet, XX. 188. CAHIRCIVEEN, stone fort, Ireland, CALABOZO, town, Venezuela, IV. 650; XIV. 52. CAHORS, town, France, IV. 642; uni- CALABRIA, district, Italy, IV. 650; XIII. versity of, XXIII. 839. 439; coins of, XVII. 637. CALADIUM, stove plant, XII. 266. XIII. 549. CAICOS ISLANDS, West Indies, III. 236; CALAFATE, plant, Patagonia, XVIII. 353. Caius Julius, Roman dictator, IV. 633; XX. 763; his relations with M. Antony, II. 141; with Cleopatra, v.826; | CAIAZZo, town, Italy, Iv. 648. with Pompey, XIX. 451; in Britain, IV. 352; place of his landing in England, XXII. 725; in Gaul, IX. 527; in Spain, XXII. 306; his adjustment of the calendar, IV. 666; XXII. 276; his Latin style, XIV. 333; his place in Roman literature, XX. 720. , Sir Julius, English scholar, IV. 639. CÆSARAUGUSTA (Zaragoza), ancient town, Spain, XXII. 307; XXIV. 770. CÆSAR BORGIA, IV. 53; 1. 487, 489; IX. CAICUS, river, Mysia, Asia Minor, II. CAIETA (Gaeta), ancient town, Italy, X. CALAIS, town, France, IV. 651; XVIII. 14. CAILCEDRA, tree, Senegambia, XXI. | CAILLIÉ, or Caillé, René, French African 554; XIII. 481; XV. 147. town, Mauretania, Africa, xv. 637. AUGUSTA (Zaragoza), ancient town, Spain, XXII. 307; XXIV. 770. PALESTINA, Roman metropolis of Palestine, IV. 639. CA'ING WHALE, cetacean, XXIV. 525. I. 357. CAIRN, pile of stones, IV. 642. PHILIPPI, town, Palestine, IV. 640. CAIRNES, John Elliot, political econoCÆSAREAN ERA, V. 715. mist, IV. 643; XIX. 380. CÆSARODUNUM (Tours), ancient town, CAIRNGORM, mountain, Scotland, XIII. CAFFRARIA, CAFFRES, XIII. 816, 818. CAITHNESS, county, Scotland, IV. 647; DRACO, plant, VII. 389. CALAMY, Edmund, Nonconformist Edmund, Nonconformist divine CALANDRELLA, genus of birds, XIV. CALAPAN, town, Philippine Islands, CALAPHATES, Michael V., Byzantine CALAS, Jean, French Protestant, IV. 652; CAIUS, Roman presbyter, on Cerinthus, CALASIO, Mario de, Italian Biblical v. 346. - John, founder of Caius College, CÆSAR CALIGULA, Roman em- CALAURIA, island, Greece, XIX. 521; | CALE (Oporto), ancient seaport, Portugal, | CALIGULA, Caius Cæsar, Roman emperor, CALCEDON (Chalcedon), ancient town, CALENBERG, principality, Hanover, IV. Asia Minor, v. 371. CALCEDONY, or Chalcedony, precious stone, I. 277; XVI. 389; XVII. 776; XXI. 310. CALCEOLARIA, greenhouse plant, XII. 262. CALCHAS, Greek soothsayer, IV. 653. CALCISPONGES, XXII. 418. CALCOPHYLLITE, mineral, XVI. 407. CALCULATING MACHINES, IV. 654; Infinitesimal, XIII. 5; claims of OF FUNCTIONS, IX. 823. OF VARIATIONS, XXIV. 85; due to Lagrange, XIV. 207. CALCUTTA, capital of India, IV. 656; rise of, XII. 800; jute trade of, XIII. 801; libraries, XIV. 533; newspapers, XVII. 432; university, XXIII. 856. CALDANI, Leopold Marco Antonio, Italian anatomist, IV. 659. CALDAS, Brazil, hot springs of, IV. 223. 664. CALENDAR, IV. 664; V. 711; reformation of, by Cæsar and Sosigenes, IV. 638; XXII. 276; by Gregory XIII., XI. 178; Accadian, III. 191; Burmese, IV. 555; Egyptian, VII. 728; French Republican, IX. 606; Gregorian, or New Style, IV. 671; ancient Mexican, I. 695; XVI. 212; Nepalese, XVII. 343; Siamese, XXI. 853. CALENDARIO, Filippo, Venetian architect and conspirator, XXIV. 153. CALENDER, machine for dressing cloth, IV. 682; for glossing paper, XVIII. 224. CALENDERING, in cloth bleaching, III. 819. CALENDS, first day of the Roman month, Iv. 665. CALENDULA, genus of plants, XV. 544. CALEPINO, Ambrogio, Italian lexicographer, IV. 683; his polyglott dictionary, VIII. 843. CALF OF MAN, islet, Irish Sea, xv. 450. CALF SKINS, for tanning, XIV. 380, 386. CALHOUN, John Caldwell, American politician and orator, IV. 683; 1. 722; XXIII. 762, 764, 770. CALIARI, Carlo, Italian painter, xxiv. 174. -, Paolo (Veronese), Italian painter, XXIV. 173. CALIBRATION, of thermometers, XXIII. 289. CALICHE, nitrate of soda, XVII. 518. DE MOMBUY, Spain, mineral CALICUT, town, India, IV. 693. water of, XVI. 434. CALDEIRAS, boiling fountains, Azores, III. 171. CALDER, Sir Robert, British admiral, IV. 659. CALDERON, Serafin Estébanez, Spanish satirist, XXII. 361. DE LA BARCA, Pedro, Spanish dramatist, IV. 659; VII. 422; XXII. 359. CALDERWOOD, David, Scottish historian, IV. 661. CALDICOT CASTLE, Monmouth, England, XVI. 754. CALDIERO, Italy, Battle of (1796), III. 131. CALIFORNIA, State, U.S.A., Iv. 694; topography of, XXIII. 801; population, XXIII. 802; discovery of, by Hernan Cortes, VI. 442; surveyed by Alarcon, 1. 442; aborigines of, XII. 826; birds, III. 752; marine fishes, XII. 679; forests, IX. 405; gold, X. 743; mines, XVI. 470; opium cultivation, XVII. 792; sulphur mines, XXII. 634; trees, XXIII. 809; wine industry, XXIV. 611. Gulf of, XVIII. 116; pearl fisheries, XVIII. 447. Lower, state, Mexico, XVI. 214. CALIFORNIAN TOAD, lizard, XIV. 736. CALIGRAPHY, XVIII. 143; XXIII. 682. IV. 706; XX. 772, 775; as Antichrist, Palace of, at Rome, XX. 823. CALINGA, ancient kingdom, India, XIII. 829. CALINGAPATAM, town, India, XIII. 829. CALIPH, Mohammedan sovereign, IV. 706; XVI. 589, 591; XXII. 661. CALIPHATE, The Eastern, XVI. 565. OF CORDOVA, XXII. 313. CALIPHATES, Coins of the, XVII. 659. CALIPHS, Tombs of the, Cairo, XVI. 865. CALIPPUS, Greek astronomer, II. 748. CALISTHENICS, gymnastic exercises, XI. 350. CALITRI, town, Italy, IV. 707. CALIXTINES, Christian sect, XVI. 811. CALIXTUS I., or Callistus, pope, IV. 707; XIX. 489; XXI. 127. II., pope, IV. 707; XIX. 499. III., pope, IV. 707. Georgius, Lutheran divine, IV. 707. CALLAINITE, mineral, XXIII. 670. CALLAIS, or Callaina, ancient precious stone, XXIII. 670. CALLANDER, town, Scotland, XVIII. 667. CALLAO, town, Peru, IV. 707; XIV. 644. CALLATIS (Mangalia), ancient town, Thrace, XV. 479. CALLCOTT, Sir Augustus Wall, English painter, IV. 708. John Wall, English composer, IV. Mrs Maria Graham, English writer, IV. 708. CALLERNISH, Druidical stones of, Lewis, Scotland, XIV. 492. CALLES (Cagli), ancient town, Italy, IV. 640. CALLICHTHYS, genus of fishes, XXII. 69. CALLIGRAPHY, XVIII. 143; XXIII. 682. CALLIMACHUS, Greek architect and statuary, IV. 709. Greek poet and librarian of the Alexandrian library, IV. 708; I. 498. CALLIOPE, Muse of epic poetry, IV. 709; XVII. 74. CALLIPIDE, Græco-Scythian race, XXI. CALLIPUS, Period or Cycle of, IV. 668. XVIII. 208. CALLISTRATUS, Athenian orator, IV. 709. | CALVI, town, Corsica, IV. 713. Athenian poet, IV. 709. CALLITHRIX, genus of apes, II. 154. CALLON, Greek sculptor, II. 350. CALLUNA, genus of plants, XI. 589. CALVIN, Gerard, father of John Calvin, CAMBO, France, mineral springs of, XX. 127. CAMBODIA, kingdom, south-eastern Asia, IV. 723; its relation to Siam, XXI. 854. river, VI. 94. CAMBODUNUM, Roman town, England, XII. 331. John, Reformer, IV. 714; X. 149; XX. 334; XXII. 791; his system of church order, XIX. 676; his doctrine of predestination, XIX. 670; his influence on French prose, IX. 654; his relations with Beza, III. 625; with Farel, IX. 32; with Servetus, XXI. 685; with Socinus, XXII. 228. CALVINISTIC CHURCHES, their litur- CAMBOJA (Cambodia, q.v.), kingdom, gical service, XIV. 711. CALVINISTIC METHODISTS, Welsh, XVI. CALVISIUS, Sethus, German astronomer, CALVUS, Licinius, Roman poet, V. 249. town, Sweden, IV. 710; treaty of union of (1397), VII. 85; XVII. 746. CALMET, Augustine, French Biblical critic, IV. 710; IX. 671. CALMEYER ISLAND, Indian Archipelago, CALYDON, ancient town, Greece, IV. XXII. 653. CALMUCKS, or Kalmuks, people, Mongolia, IV. 710; XVI. 745, 749; XXIII. 70. CALNE, town, England, IV. 711; XXIV. 594. CALCENAS, genus of birds, XIX. 85. CALOMPÉ, town, Cambodia, IV. 725. CALOPTENUS, genus of locusts, XIV. 766. Titus, Roman poet, IV. 712. CALTHA, genus of plants, XV. 544. 529. COPPER MINES, Michigan, U.S.A., 396. CALVERT, George, Lord Baltimore, English statesman, IV. 713; XVII. 385. 721. CALYMNA, island, Asia Minor, coins of, CALYPSO, in Greek mythology, IV. 721. Grotto of, Malta, XV. 341. CALYX, of plants, IV. 131. CAMALDULIANS, Camaldoli, or Camal- CAMARACUM (Cambray), ancient town, CAMARGUE, district, Bouches-du-Rhône, CAMBOGIA (Gamboge), drug, X. 60. Asia, IV. 723. CAMBORNE, town, England, IV. 726. town, England, IV. 728; university, XXIII. 838, 848; Trinity College, III. 579; libraries, XIV. 520, 542; newspapers, XVII. 422; observatory, XVII. 710; boat racing, XXI. 31. town, Massachusetts, U.S.A., iv. 732; Harvard College at, XI. 500; libraries, XIV. 550; observatory, XVII. 715. PLATONISTS, XIX. 211. king of Persia, son of Cyrus, IV. 733; XVIII. 567; in Egypt, VII. 743. 734; XVII. 397. town, South Carolina, U.S.A., iv. 734; battle of (1780), XXIII. 744. CAMARINA, ancient town, Sicily, IV. 721; CAMDEN, town, New Jersey, U.S.A., IV. CAMBADENE, Parthian kingdom, XVIII. CAMBALUC, or Cambalu, ancient capital Robert, French musical CAMBIASI, Luca (Luchetto da Genova), Italian painter, X. 158. First Earl, lord chancellor of England, IV. 735. First Marquis, lord lieutenant of Ireland, XIV. 853. -, William, English antiquary, IV. 734; on anagrams, I. 790. CAMEL, ungulate mammal, IV. 735; XV. 430; its affinity to the llama, XIV. 738; of Arabia, II. 242; of Egypt, VII. 711; of Persia, XVIII. 625; of Turkestan, XXIII. 635, 638. CAMELINE OIL, XVII. 745. CAMELLIA, genus of plants, IV. 737; its culture as greenhouse plant, XII. 262; allied to tea, XXIII. 97. CAMELON CAUSEWAY, Roman road, Stirling, Scotland, XXII. 554. CAMELOPARD, ungulate mammal, X. 618; XV. 432. |