VEDANGAS, branches of Vedic (Hindu) science, XXI. 274. VEDANTA, Hindu philosophical writings, XXIV. 117; XXI. 290. VEDAS, Hindu sacred writings, II. 698; IV. 201; XII. 779; XXI. 273; on caste, v. 188; Gnostic portion of, XXIV. 117; mythic stories of, XVII. 152. VEDDAHS, people of Ceylon, XXIV. 120. VEDEL, old Danish writer, VII. 90. VEDIANTII, Ligurian tribe, Italy, XIV. 640. and philosopher, IV. 276. VEJOVIS, name of Jupiter, XIII. 780. VELA, Blasco Nunez de, Peruvian viceroy, XVIII. 677. VELABRUM, part of ancient Rome, xx. 824. VELASQUEZ, Diego, Spanish governor of Cuba, VI. 441. VELAZQUEZ, Diego de Silva, Spanish painter, XXIV. 132; as colourist, XVIII. 139. VELDEKE, Heinrich von, German writer, X. 518, 523. VELED, Sultan, Ottoman poet, XXIII. 656. VELEIA, ancient town, Italy, XXIV. 136 VELEIKA, town, Russia, XXIV. 234. VELESA (Koprili), town, Turkey in Europe, XIV. 140. VEEN, Heemskerk van, Dutch painter, VELESLAVIN, Bohemian printer and XI. 611. Otto van, Flemish painter, XXI. 41. VEGA, Garcilaso de la, Spanish soldier and poet, X. 74; XVIII. 346; XXII. 357. writer, XXII. 152. VELEZ DE GUEVARA, Luiz, Spanish Garcilaso Inca de la, Spanish VELIKAYA, river, Russia, XX. 35; XXI. historian, X. 74. 73. Georg von, Austrian logarithmist, VELIKIYA LUKI, town, Russia, XX. 36. XIV. 775; XXIII. 9. VELINO, Falls of, Perugia, Italy, XXIII. 190. CARPIO, Lope Felix de, Spanish dramatist and poet, XXIV. 121; VII. 420; XXII. 357, 358. VEGAS, irrigated plains, Spain, XXII. 299. VEGETABLE BATHS, III. 439. Monte, mountain, Italy, XIII. 438. VELIZH, town, Russia, XXIV. 137. VELLEIUS PATERCULUS, Marcus, Roman historian, XVIII. 358. VELLETRI, town, Italy, XXIV. 137. VEGETABLE CREEK MINE, New South VELLIKONDA, district, Karnul, India, Wales, XVI. 471. VEGETABLE HISTOLOGY, XII. 10. VEGETABLE IVORY, XIII. 524; XVII. 664. VEGETABLE KINGDOM, XXIV. 124; III. 690; IV. 79; Linnæus's classification of, XIV. 672; longevity in, XIV. 857. See also Botany and Plant. VEGETABLE MARROW, gourd, XI. 4; XII. 283. VEGETABLE PARASITISM, XVIII. 264. VEGETABLE PHYSIOLOGY, XIX. 43. VEGETABLES, Garden, XII. 278; cultivation of, I. 384; poisonous, XV. 782. VEGETATION, Chemistry of, XIV. 567. ZONES, in the Alps, 1. 631. VEGETIUS, Flavius Renatus, Roman military writer, XXIV. 132. Publius, Roman veterinary surgeon, XXIV. 197. VEGLIA, island, Adriatic, XXIV. 132. VEHMGERICHTE (Fehmic Courts), Germany, IX. 63; X. 495. VEII, Etruscan town, Italy, VIII. 634; capture of, by Romans, XX. 739. XIV. 6. VELLORE, town, India, XXIV. 137. VELLUM, XIV. 390; XVIII. 271; ancient use of, XVIII. 144, 147, 162. VELOCIPEDE, XXIII. 559. VELOCITY, in mechanics, XV. 681, 769; VIII. 207; of light, XIV. 584; xxiv. 458; of sound, I. 104; XXIV. 418; of the wind, XVI. 156. VELSK, town, Russia, XXIV. 283. VELTEN, St, bishop and martyr, XXIV. 36. VELTHEN, Magister Johann, German dramatist, VII. 441. VELVET, silken textile, XXIV. 137, 467; ancient, XXIII. 209; dyeing of, VII. 579. VELVET-DUCK, bird, XXI. 470. VENATION, of leaves, IV. 109. VENDÉE DIAMOND, kind of quartz. XXIV. 138. VENDETTA, Practice of, in Sardinia, XXI. 309. VENDIDAD, part of Zend-Avesta, XXIV. 775, 823. VENDÔME, town, France, XXIV. 138; VENDOR, in law, XXI. 206. VENEERING, in cabinet work, XXIV. 138; IX. 849. VENER, Lake, Sweden, XXII. 736. VENERATION, in phrenology, XVIII. 845. VENEREAL DISEASES, XVIII. 404; XXII. 686; in the horse, XXIV. 202. VENETI, ancient Italian people, XIII. 447. VENETIA, province, Italy, XXIV. 141. VENETIAN ALPS, I. 630. VENEZUELA, republic, South America, XXIV. 139; I. 712; revolt of, from Spain, 1. 710; liberation of, by Bolivar, IV. 7; forests, IX. 406; newspapers, XVII. 437. VENGEANCE, Private, in Roman law, XX. 675; in Sardinia, XXI. 309. VENICE, town and former republic, Italy, XXIV. 141; XIII. 479; occupation of Greece by, XI. 121; war of Louis XII. of France with, IX. 555; occupation of, by Napoleon (1797), XVII. 198; conflict with Ottoman empire, XXIII. 642; contest with Pope Paul V., XVIII. 431; relations to the popedom, XIX. 505; its support of Father Sarpi, XXI. 311; bank of, III. 316; bridge of the Rialto, IV. 332; coins, XVII. 657; commerce, VI. 199; musical conservatory, VI. 291; dialect of, XIII. 494; doges, VII. 331; glass making, X. 652; libraries, XIV. 530, 548; majolica ware, XIX. 628; St Mark's church, II. 435; crypt in St Mark's, VI. 669; nobles, XVII. 527; school of painting, XXI. 436, 442; pictures in, XXI. 447; porcelain, XIX. 636; sculpture, XXI. 568; Tintoretto's pictures in, XX. 609; Titian's pictures in, XXIII. 414, 416; Turner's pictures of, XXIII. 667. 70. PRESERVED, Otway's drama, XVIII. TURPENTINE, XIV. 310. VENI CREATOR, ancient hymn, XII. 583. VENIERI, Sebastian, Venetian admiral and doge, XXIV. 145, 146. VENKATAGIRI, town, India, XVII. 321. VENLO, town, Holland, XXIV. 157. VENNACHER, Loch, Scotland, XVIII. 666. VENNONES, or Venostes, Rhætian people, XX. 505. VENTA ICENORUM (Norwich), ancient town, England, XVII. 595. VENTIDIUS, Roman general, XVIII. 597. VENTILATION, XXIV. 157; of bee hives, | VERGIL, or Virgil (q.v.), Latin poet, XXIV. 248. III. 486; of drains, XXI. 715; of hospitals, XII. 304; of mines, VI. 70; XVI. 459. painting, XXI. 436, 443; pictures, XXI. 447. VERGNIAUD, Pierre Victurnien, French VERONESE, Paolo, Italian painter, XXIV. Revolutionist, XXIV. 164. 173; XXI. 436; his manner of colour VENTNOR, town, Isle of Wight, England, VERHULST, William, director, New XXIV. 162. VENTRILOQUISM, VII. 63. VENTURA, Luca d'Egidio di (Signorelli), Italian painter, XXII. 50; XXI. 434, 442. VENUE, in law, XXIV. 162. VENUS, Roman goddess (the Greek Aphrodite), 1. 788; II. 171; relations with Adonis, 1. 163; the Egyptian Athor, III. 13; temple of, at Rome, xx. 827; in classical sculpture, II. 356, 361; VII. 530; xv. 842. planet, II. 777, 782, 791; brightness of, XIV. 582; transits of, II. 796; XVIII. 246; first observation of transit, II. 754; XII. 172; Assyrian worship of, III. 176. Vigil of, Latin poem, XVIII. 683. VENUS'S FLY-TRAP, insectivorous plant, XIII. 136. VEPERI, part of Madras city, India, xv. 188. VERA, Augusto, Italian philosopher, XXIV. 162. CRUZ, state, Mexico, XVI. 214; population, XXIV. 163. CRUZ, town, Mexico, XXIV. 163. VERATRUM, plant, XXIV. 163. Netherland, America, XVII. 454. VERJUICE, from crab apples, II. 212. VERKH-ISSETSKII, town, Russia, XVIII. 550. VERKHNE-TCHIRSKAYA, town, Russia, XVII. 500. VERKHNEUDINSK, town, Transbaikalia, Russia, XXIII. 511. VERKHNE-URALSK, town, Russia, XXIV. 166; XVII. 826. ing, XVIII. 139; as colleague of Tintoret, XX. 610. VERONICA, St, XXIV. 173. VERRES, Roman governor, XXIV. 174. VERRI, Pietro, Italian economist, XIX. 362. VERROCCHIO, Andrea del, Florentine painter and sculptor, XXIV. 175; XIV. 456; XXI. 568. VERRUCCHIO, Malatesta da, Italian nobleman, XX. 556. VERKHNII LOMOFF, town, Russia, VERRUGAS, disease, XXIV. 377, 732. VERBANO (Maggiore, q.v.), Lago, Italian VERMIGLI, Pietro Martire (Peter Martyr), VERB, in grammar, XI. 41. lake, XV. 198. VERBENA, plant, XXIV. 163. 163; VERCELLI, town, Italy, XXIV. library, XIV. 531; university, XXIII. 833, 836. CODEX, Anglo-Saxon MS., VIII. 406; MS. of Gospels in Latin, XXIV. 163. VERCELLIS, Madame de, friend of Rousseau, XXI. 24. VERCINGETORIX, Gallic chief, IV. 637. VERD, Cape, West Africa, XXI. 661; islands, v. 50; I. 272; III. 759. VERDAGUER, Jacinto, Spanish poet, XXII. 365. VERDE ANTICO, variety of marble, xv. 529; XVI. 397. VERDELHO WINE, Madeira, xv. 178. VERDEN, Massacre of Saxons at (782), v. 403. VERDERER, in forest law, IX. 409. VERDICT, of a jury, XIII. 785, 787. VERDIGRIS, or Acetate of Copper, vi. 351; as a poison, XIX. 278. river, Nebraska, U.S.A., XVII. 307. Verditer BLUE, pigment, Xix. 87. VERDUN, town, France, XXIV. 164; treaty of (843), IX. 534; X. 480; XV. 9. VERGE-BOARD, in architecture, II. 475. VERGENNES, Claire E. J. G. de (Madame Rémusat), French writer, XX. 379. Italian Reformer, XXIV. 166. VERMILION, pigment, XXIV. 166; XIX. 87. VERMLAND, County, Sweden, XXII. 741. VERMONT, State, U.S.A., xxiv. 166. Antoine Charles Horace (Carle Émile Jean Horace, French military painter, XXIV. 169. Madame, her protection of Condorcet, VI. 254. VERNIER, micrometric instrument, XXIV. 169; XVII. 256; XXII. 718. Pierre, French commandant, inventor of the vernier, XXIV. 169; XVII. 256; XXII. 718. -, Peru, Railway bridge at, XVIII. 675. VERSAILLES, town, France, XXIV. 176; treaty of (1756), IX. 588; treaty of (1783), IX. 595; William I. of Prussia proclaimed German emperor at (1871), XXIV. 582; labyrinth at, XIV. 180; libraries, XIV. 526, 546; palace, II. 441; Vernet's paintings in palace, XXIV. 169; waterworks, II. 222. VERSECZ, town, Hungary, XXIV. 178. VERSIFICATION, in poetry, XIX. 258. VERTEBRÆ, XXII. III; XXIV. 178; in human anatomy, I. 820; of Amphibia, 1. 751; of apes, II. 159; of birds, III. 717; of fishes, XII. 640; of mammals, XV. 356 (and article Mammalia throughout); of reptiles, XX. 447. VERTEBRATA, or Vertebrates, division of animal kingdom, XXIV. 178; II. 53; embryology of, XX. 420; nervous system, XIX. 31; reproduction, XX. 409; skeleton, XXII. 106; in Lankester's classification, XXIV. 812. VERTIGO, Epileptic, VIII. 480. VERTUE, George, English engraver and VESOUL, town, France, XXIV. 191; XXI. 301. VESPA, genus of insects, XXIV. 391. VETRANIC-CAVCIC, Nicholas, Ragusan | VICO, Giovan Battista, Italian jurist and dramatist, XXI. 690. VETTER, Lake, Sweden, XXII. 736. VETULONIA, Etruscan town, Italy, VIII. VESPERS, canonical hour, XXIV. 192; IV. VETURII, Ligurian tribe, Italy, XIV. AT BLACKFRIARS, London, Acci- VEVAY, town, Switzerland, XXIV. 115. 410. VESPIDE, family of insects, XXIV. 391. -, asteroid, II. 807. VESTAS, matches, XV. 626. 768; XVII. 577. VESTERÅS, county, Sweden, XXII. 741. VESTERBOTTEN, county, Sweden, XXII. 741. XVII. 539, 544. VEYSI, Turkish writer, XXIII. 656. VIADUCTS, IV. 284; railway, XX. 234. VIATKA, or Vyatka, government, Russia, 109. VIBORG, town, Denmark, VII. 83. town, Finland, XXIV. 209. VIBRATION, Effect of, on iron and steel, XIII. 355; on magnetization, XV. 268. Light propagated as, XXIV. 421. VESTERNORRLAND, county, Sweden, VIBRATIONS OF SOUND, I. 100; XVII. XXII. 741. VESTFJOLD KINGS, of Norway, xvII. 585. VESTIGES OF CREATION, anonymous work, by Robert Chambers, v. 381; XXIV. 77. VESTMANLAND, county, Sweden, XXII. 741. VESTMENTS, Ecclesiastical, XXIV. 195; VI. 461. VESTOCHNYI, Cape, Eastern Siberia, XV. 547. VESTRIS, Madame, English actress, XV. VESTRY BOARDS, of London, XIV. 820. VESZELYITE, mineral, XVI. 406. 105; communication of, 1. 116; of human voice, XXIV. 275. VIBROGRAPHS, acoustic instruments, I. PARK, London, XIV. 824. PEAK, Vancouver Island, XXIV. 57. VICENZA, town, Italy, XXIV. 210; uni- VICUS AQUENSIS (Bagnères-de-Bigorre), versity of, XXIII. 836. VETERINARY DEPARTMENT, of British VICE-PRESIDENT, of United States, army, II. 584. VETERINARY SCIENCE, XXIV. 197. VETLANKA, Russia, Plague at, XIX. 167. VETLUGA, river, Russia, XXIV. 279. VETO, in constitutional law, XXIV. 206; of the Roman tribune, XXIII. 558; presidential, of United States, XXIII. 749. ACT, of Church of Scotland, IX. 743; XXI. 538. XXIII. 750; list of vice-presidents, VICH, town, Spain, XXIV. 210. ancient town, France, III. 235. VICUS IRIE (Voghera), ancient town, Italy, XXIV. 272. VIDA, Marco Girolamo, Italian Latin VICHY, town, France, XXIV. 210; VIDAGO, spa, Portugal, XVI. 435. VIEILLOT, Louis Pierre, on birds, XVIII. 7. VIGNOLA, Giacomo Barozzio da, Italian | VILLEFRANCHE DE ROUERGUE, town, architect, III. 380; XX. 836. France, XXIV. 228. VIEN, Joseph Marie, French painter, VIGNY, Alfred de, French poet and VILLEFRANCHE-SUR-SAÔNE, XXIV. 219. VIEN-CHANG, town, Siam, XXI. 853. VIENNA, capital of Austria-Hungary, XXIV. 219; siege of, by the Turks (1529), XXIII. 643; siege of, by the Turks (1683), III. 126; XIV. 466; XIX. 296; XXIII. 645; taken by Bonaparte (1805), III. 132; peace of (1809), III. 134; IX. 616; congress of (1814-15), III. 135, 270; VI. 270; IX. 618; XIII. 485; XIV. 855; XVII. 223; XIX. 298; revolution at (1848), III. 136; academy of surgery, 1. 77; libraries, XIV. 527, 547; newspapers, XVII. 429; imperial observatory, XVII. 713; telescope in observatory, XXIII. 149; picture galleries, XXI. 445; porcelain, XIX. 640; Canova's sculpture in, XXI. 570; university, XXIII. 840, 851; waterworks, II. 228. VIENNE, department and town, France, XXIV. 222. 223. river, France, XIV. 806. Haute-, department, France, XXIV. John de, leader of the French in Scotland (1381), XXI. 490. VIEQUEZ, island, Porto Rico, West Indies, XIX. 532. VIERGE AUX ROCHERS, Leonardo's painting, XIV. 460. VIERWALDSTÄTTERSEE, or Lake of Lucerne (q.v.), Switzerland, xv. 41. VIERZON, town, France, XXIV. 223. VIETA, François, French mathematician, XXIV. 224; his application of algebra to geometry, I. 514; on squaring the circle, XXII. 434; his contributions to trigonometry, XXIII. 562. VIEUSSENS, Raymond, French anatomist, 1. 812, 813. VIEUZAC, Barère de, French Revolu tionist, III. 373. VIGEVANO, town, Italy, XXIV. 224. VIGIL, Ecclesiastical, XXIV. 224. VIGILANTIUS, early writer on superstitious practices, XXIV. 224; his warning against monachism, XVI. 703. VIGILIUS, pope, XXIV. 225; XIX. 493; his relations with Pope Pelagius I., XVIII. 473. VIGIL OF VENUS, Latin poem, XVIII. 683. VIGNA, Pietro de la, or Pier delle Vigne, Italian minister to Frederick II., XXIV. 225; inventor of the sonnet, XXII. 262; XIII. 500. adventurer, XXIV. 225. VIGO, town, Spain, XXIV. 226; XIX. 455. VIGORS, Nicholas Aylward, on birds, XVIII. 15. VIGTEN ISLANDS, Norway, XVII. 576. VIJIL, Francisco de Paula, Peruvian orator and statesman, XVIII. 676. VIK, district, Norway, XVII. 584. VIKINGS, Northern sea-rovers, their early expeditions, XVII. 584; their knowledge of geography, X. 178; their possession of Orkney and Shetland, XVII. 848; invasion of Scotland by, XXI. 477. VIKRAMADITYA, king of Ujjain, India, XII. 789. VIKRAMORVASI, Kalidasa's Sanskrit drama, XIII. 829; XXI. 285. VI LAICA REMOVENDA, obsolete English writ, XXIV. 695. France, XXIV. 229. town, VILLEHARDOUIN, Geoffroy de, French chronicler, XXIV. 229; IX. 645. Godfrey, prince of Achaia, XXIV. 229; capture of Nauplia by (1211), XVII. 249. VILLEINAGE, in England, VI. 355; VIII. 325; XXII. 137. VILLEIN-SOCAGE, system of land tenure, England, XIX. 734. VILLEMAIN, Abel François, French literary historian, XXIV. 231; IX. 680. VILLEMARQUÉ, Théodore Hersart, Vicomte de la, on Breton literature, V. 324. VILLENA, town, Spain, XXIV. 231. - Enrique de, Spanish poet, XXII. 355. VILLENAGE, or Villeinage (q.v.), VI. 355. VILAYET, Turkish administrative divi- VILLENEUVE, Pierre C. J. B. S. de, sion, XXIII. 654. VILCAMAYU, river, Peru, XVIII. 673; valley, XVIII. 675. VILKOMIR, town, Russia, XXIV. 226. VILLACREZES, congregation of reformed Franciscans, IX. 699. VILLA DE CONTAS, town, Brazil, xxiv. 227. VILLA DE HORTA, town, Azores, III. 172. VILLA DO RIO PARDO, town, Brazil, XXIV. 227. VILLAFRANCA, Italy, Conference and peace of (1859), III. 139; IX. 624; XIII. 490; XVII. 228. VILLAGE, in United States, XXIII. 827. The, Crabbe's poem, VI. 539. COMMUNITIES, XIV. 365; in Russia, XXI. 70, 83. TENURE, of land, XIV. 260. VILLA HAYES, town, Paraguay, XVIII. 244. VILLAINAGE, in England, VI. 355; VIII. 325; XXII. 137. VILLANI, Filippo, Italian biographer, VIGNACOURT, Alof de, grand-master of VILLA REAL, town, Portugal, XXIII. Knights Hospitallers, XXI. 175. VIGNE, Pier delle. See Vigna. VIGNEMALE, mountain, France, XX. 127. VIGNETTE, in architecture, II. 475. VIGNOBLES, district, Neuchâtel, Switzerland, XVII. 361. 525. VILLA RICA, town, Paraguay, XVIII. 244. VILLARS, Claude Louis Hector, Duc de, French general, XXIV. 228; IX. 581. VILLARSITE, mineral, XVI. 415. French admiral at Trafalgar, XVII. 323. VILLENEUVE-SUR-LOT, town, France, XXIV. 231. VILLIERS, George, first duke of Buckingham, IV. 417; Bacon's connexion with, III. 206. George, second duke of Buckingham, IV. 419. George William Frederick, fourth earl of Clarendon, v. 807. John de, master of Knights Hospitallers, XXI. 174. VILLON, Francis, French poet, XXIV. 232; IX. 647. VILMANSTRAND, town, Finland, XXIV. 209. VILMORIN, Henry de, French agriculturist, XXIV. 532. VILNA, government, Russia, XXIV. 233. town, Russia, XXIV. 234; observatory at, XVII. 714. VILUI, river, Siberia, XXII. 5; XXIV. 726. VIMIERO, Portugal, Battle of (1808), VINCENT DE PAUL, St, founder of the | VIRAMAMUNI (Joseph Beschi), Italian | VISCHER, Theodor, on æsthetics, 1. 219. FERRER, St, Spanish preacher, VIRAVANALLUR, town, India, XXIII. BELLOVACENSIS (Vincent of Beau- VINDELICI, ancient Alpine people, XX. XVIII. 361. VIRGEN GORDA, island, West Indies, VISCONTI, Milanese ruling family, XIII. 479. Filippo Maria, duke of Milan, XIII. Gian Galeazzo, count of Pavia, VIRGIDEMIARUM SIXE BOOKES, Bishop VISCOSITY, property of matter, VII. 801; VIRGIL (Publius Vergilius Maro), Roman poet, XXIV. 248; XX. 722; language Polydore, bishop of Bath and 641. VINDOCINUM (Vendôme), ancient town, VIRGINAL, musical instrument, XIX. 67. VINE, plant, XXIV. 236; in horticulture, VINEA, Petrus de, or Pietro de la Vigna, State, U.S.A., XXIV. 255; colony West. See West Virginia. VIRGINIANS, The, by Thackeray, XXIII. VINEGAR, or Acetic Acid, XXIV. 240; VINJE, A. O., Norwegian poet, XVII. VINLAND, Seat of early settlement, North America, I. 706. VINNITSA, town, Russia, XXIV. 241; XIX. 254. VIRGINIA RESOLUTIONS (1798), in 261. VI. 311; XIX. 247; of gases, XVI. 618; XIX. 248; of solids, XXII. 598; mea- VISCOUNT, rank of nobility, XXIV. 261; VISCUM, genus of plants, XVI. 527; VISHNU, Hindu deity, IV. 207; worship VISHNUVITES, tribe, India, xv. 185. VISIBLE SPEECH, A. Melville Bell's, 1. VISIGOTHIC WRITING, XVIII. 156. VISIN, Denis von, Russian dramatist, VISION, XIV. 578; physical causes of, VIII. 816; binocular, XXII. 538; diseases 149. OF MIRZA, Addison's allegory, I. Virgin Martyr, The, Massinger's play, VISIONS, Mental, vII. 452. VIRGIN MARY, The, XV. 589. VIRGINS, Eleven Thousand, of the VINTSCHGAU, district, Tyrol, Austria, VIRTUE, in ethics, VIII. 575; Aristotelian XXIII. 7II. VIOL, musical instrument, XXIV. 242. XXIV. 241. VIOLET, plant, XXIV. 241; XII. 253. VIOTTI, Giovanni Battista, Italian 199. doctrine of, II. 517; Platonic, XIX. 196; VISAYAS, islands, Philippines, XVIII. race of people, Philippine Islands, VIPERA, genus of snakes, XX. 452; XXII. VISCHER, Peter, German artist, XVII. 633; XXI. 565. VISITATION, Feast of the, XV. 592. VISPERED, part of Zend-Avesta, XXIV. VISQUERT, Antonio, Spanish painter, 93. Roemer Pieterssen, Dutch writer, Tesselschade, Dutch poetess, XII. 93. GOVERNMENTS, Russian official VITALIAN, Roman general, XIII. 791. |