STRONTIANITE, mineral, XVI. 398; STUD-BOOK, English, XII. 183.

SUBDEACONS, minor order of Roman | SUCRE, Antonio José, president of Boli

SUBLAQUEUM (Subiaco), ancient town, SUDETES, mountains, Austria, III. 116;
Italy, XXII. 616.
XVI. 810; XXII. 53.

SUBLIME AND BEAUTIFUL, Burke's
work on the, IV. 540.
SUBMARINE MINES, XXIII. 449.
SUBMARINE TELEGRAPHIC CABLES,
XXIII. 114.

SUBMISSION, in law, II. 312.
SUBORNATION OF PERJURY, XVIII.
548.

SUBPOENA, in law, XXII. 642; XXIV. 696.

SUBSTANCE, in Cartesianism, V. 143;

Leibnitz's doctrine of, XIV. 420; Locke's, XIV. 760; Kant's, XIII. 853. SUBSTANTIALITY, Perception of, in psychology, XX. 57.

SUBTIABA, Indian town, Nicaragua, XIV. 455.

SUBTRACTION, in algebra, I. 520; in

arithmetic, II. 527.

SUBUKTIGIN, sultan of Ghazni, XV. 286.

SUBZAWAR, town, Persia, XVIII. 627. SUCCAT (St Patrick, q.v.), patron saint of Ireland, XVIII. 411.

SUCCESSION, in law, XIX. 734; in relation to remainder and reversion, XX. 372; under testament, XXIV. 570; in Roman law, XX. 673, 691, 702, 706, 713; in Salic law, XXI. 214.

Psychological presentation of, xx. 64; Locke on ideas of, XIV. 759.

Spanish, Question of, VIII. 352; IX. 575; XXII. 334; war of, III. 126; IX. 580; X. 502; XIV. 466; XXII. 335.

DUTY, XXII. 616.

SUCCINIC ACID, I. 660.

SUCCINITE, mineral, XVI. 428.
SUCCORY (Chicory), plant, v. 614.
SUCCUBUS, dream demon, VII. 62.
SUCHET, Louis Gabriel, duke of Albu-
fera, French marshal, XXII. 617; I.
456.

SUCHIZ, river, Peru, XVIII. 673.
SU-CHOW, town, Kan-suh, China, XXII.
617.

town, Kiang-su, China, XXII. 617. town, Sze-chuen, China, XXII. 617. SUCKER, or Lump-Sucker, fish, XV. 65.

SUCKLING, Sir John, English poet and courtier, XXII. 617.

SUDRAS, Hindu caste, IV. 203, 204; V.
188.

SUGAR OF LEAD, XIV. 378.
SUGAR-PINE, tree, XIX. 105; of U.S.A.,
XXIII. 809.

SUGDEN, Edward Burtenshaw, Lord
St Leonards, lord chancellor of Eng-
land, XXI. 182.

SUGER, Abbé, regent of France, IX. 539.
SUGHUDA (Sogdiana), ancient province,

Persia, XXII. 246.

SUGUT, river, North Borneo, XXI. 123.
SUH-CHOW, or Su-Chow, town, China,

XXII. 617.

SUHL, town, Prussia, XXII. 629.

SUHM, Peter Frederik, Danish historian,
VII. 91.

assurance, XIII. 197.

SUE, Joseph Marie (Eugène Sue), French SUICIDE, XXII. 629; in relation to life
novelist, XXII. 619; IX. 678.
SUERAH, town, Morocco, XVI. 543.
SUESSA AURUNCA (Sessa), ancient town,

Italy, XXI. 693.

SUET, animal fat, XXIII. 34.
SUETONIUS, Caius Tranquillus, Latin
writer, XXII. 619; on the early Chris-
tians, XIII. 658; his place in Roman
literature, XX. 726.

SUEUR, Eustache le, French painter,
XXII. 619.

Thomas le, on magnetism, XV. 236.
SUEVI, Confederation of tribes of ancient
Germany, X. 473; their inroads on
Rome, XX. 780; in Spain, XXII. 308.
SUEVIA (Swabia), ancient duchy, Ger-
many, XXII. 729.
SUEZ, town, Egypt, XXII. 620.

Gulf of, Red Sea, XX. 316.

CANAL, XXII. 620; I. 266; IV. 789;
Lord Palmerston's opposition to, XVIII.

197.

Africa, XXIII. 620.
SUFFOCATION, Death from, XV. 781.
SUFFOLK, county, England, XXII. 621.

DUNS, breed of cattle, 1. 389.
PUNCH, horse, I. 385.
WITCHES, Trial of, XXIV. 621.
SUFI II., shah of Persia, XVIII. 638.

DYNASTY, Persia, XVIII. 634.
SUFIS, Mohammedan sect, VII. 113;
XXII. 662; pantheism of, XVIII. 658.
See also Sufism.
SUFISM, Persian philosophical system,
XXIII. 242; XI. 368; XVI. 594; XVII.
130; XVIII. 634; XXII. 659.
SUGAR, XXII. 622; chemistry of, v. 564;
adulteration of, 1. 172; relations to
alcohol, I. 470; from beet, I. 382; in
grape juice, XXIV. 603; malt, XV. 338; |
maple, XV. 524; in plants, IV. 88; xix.
54; use of, in brewing, IV. 271; culture
of, in Java, XIII. 604; in the Philip-
pines, XVIII. 751; in Queensland, xx.
173; production of, in Brazil, IV. 227;
in Cuba, VI. 681; in India, XII. 748;
in United States, XXIII. 824.
BERRY, tree, XI. 360.

SUCRE, town, Bolivia, South America, SUGAR-BIRD, XXII. 628.

SUIDE, family of ungulate mammals,
XXII. 772.

SUIDAS, Greek lexicographer, XXII. 631;
XI. 146.

SUIDGER (Pope Clement II.), v. 821.
SUINDINUM (Le Mans), Roman town,
France, XV. 497.

SUIR, river, İreland, XIII. 216; XXIII.
405; XXIV. 400.

SUISSE FOREZIENNE, valley, France,
XIV. 807.

SUKHONA, river, Russia, XXI. 73.
SUKKERTOPPEN, district, Greenland, XI.

Seljuk ruler, XXI. 636.

Suleiman, or Suleyman, I., sultan of Turkey, XXII. 251; XXIII. 643; contests of, with Persia, XVIII. 636. II., Turkish sultan, XXIII. 645. Arabic geographer, X. 177. SULBY, river, Isle of Man, xv. 450. SULITELMA, mountain, Sweden, XXII. 736.

SULLA, Lucius Cornelius, Roman
general, XXII. 632; XX. 760; at
Athens, III. 8; in Jugurthine War,
XIII. 767; his contests with Marius,
XV. 550; in the Mithradatic War, xv.
56; his relations with Pompey, XIX.
451.

SULLY, Maximilien de Béthune, duke of,
French statesman, XXII. 633; IX. 565.

Maurice de, early French sermon-
writer, IX. 648.
SULMONA, town, Italy, XXII. 634.
SULPHATES, in chemistry, V. 505;
occurring in rocks, X. 228; of alumina,
1. 645; XXII. 637; of ammonia, XVII.
515; of baryta, III. 406; of copper,
XXII. 637; of iron, VI. 352; of lime,
XIV. 648; XI. 351; of lime, as manure,
1. 351; of magnesia, VIII. 496; XV. 217;
of potash, XIX. 592; of quinine, XX.
184; of silver, XXII. 71; of soda, XXII.

240.

SULPHIDES, in chemistry, v. 478; X.
228; of iron, XIII. 280; of mercury,
XVI. 34; metallic, or pyrites, XX. 128;
in metallic ores, XVI. 61.
SULPHUR, chemical element and mineral,

XXII. 634; V. 498; X. 228; XVI. 380;
as fuel, IX. 809; as an ingredient of
gunpowder, XI. 320, 324; its presence
in iron, XIII. 283; as plant food, XIX.
49; mines of, in Formosa, v. 636; in
Sicily, XXII. 30.

poison, XIX. 279.

SULPHUR SALTS, V. 505; group of minerals, XVI. 394.

SULPHUR SPRINGS, XVI. 435.
SULPICIA, Tibullus's poems on, XXIII.
349.

SULPICIUS RUFUS, P., Roman tribune,
XX. 760.

SULPICIUS SEVERUS, early Christian
writer, XXI. 702.

SULTAN, Sovereign of Turkey, XXIII. 654; his place in Islam, XXII. 661; list of Ottoman sultans, XXIII. 652. SULTANA, Moslem title, XI. 478. SULTANABAD, town, Persia, XVIII. 627.

SUMMER-CATARRH, disease, XI. 542.
SUMMER ISLANDS, or Bermudas (q.v.),
III. 599.

SUMMER REDBIRD, XXIII. 45.
SUMMERSIDE, town, Prince Edward
Island, XIX. 740.

SUMMER-SNIPE, bird, XXI. 260.
SUMMER-TEAL, bird, X. 80.
SUMMERVILLE, town, South Carolina,
U.S.A., XXII. 287.

SUMMISTS, scholastic philosophers, XXI.
425.

SUMMONS, in law, XXII. 642; XXIV.
696; in Scots law, XIX. 220.
SUMNER, Charles, American statesman,
XXII. 643.

SUMPTUARY LAWS, XXII. 643.
SUMTER, Fort, South Carolina, U.S.A.,
its surrender, XXIII. 774.

Thomas, American politician,
XXIII. 790.

SUMY, town, Russia, XXII. 645. SUN, XXII. 645; 11. 768, 783; determination of distance of, II. 796; eclipses of, II. 788 (see Eclipse); source of heat of, XVII. 311; its light compared with that of moon, XVIII. 842; its influence on terrestrial magnetism, XVI. 167, 176, 179; measurements of, XVI. 250; its connexion with meteoroids, XVI. 113; nautical observations by means of, XVII. 268; parallax of, XVIII. 245; influence of, on tides, XXIII. 354, 365, 368; festival of, at Heliopolis, XIX. 91; festivals, in Japan, XIX. 92; myths of, XV. 777; XVII. 157; temple of, at Baalbec, III. 177; worship of, by ancient Greeks, II. 185; by Peruvians, 1. 697; | XX. 364; by Phoenicians, XVIII. 802 (see also Baal); by Sabaans, XXIV. 741. See also Sun-Spots. SUNAR, river, India, XXI. 146. SUN-BIRD, XXII. 651; XII. 359. ISLANDS, Philippines, XVIII. 752; SUN-BITTERN, bird, XXII. 652; XX. pearl fisheries of, XVIII. 447.

SULTANA RAISINS, XX. 258; of Stanchio,
VI. 444.

SULTAN-DAGH, mountains, Asia Minor,

II. 705.

SULTANPUR, district and town, India,
XXII. 637.

SULU, town, Philippines, XVIII. 750,
752.

223.

SULZER, Johann Georg, Swiss art critic, SUNDA ISLANDS, Indian Archipelago,
X. 535; XXII. 798.
XXII. 653; XII. 815; language of,
SUMACH, plant, XIV. 382; in U.S.A., XIII. 606.
XXIII. 808.

SUMANAP ISLANDS, Java, XIII. 600.
SUMAROKOFF, Alexander, Russian
dramatist, VII. 444; XXI. 106.
SUMATRA, island, Indian Archipelago,
XXII. 638; II. 687; birds of, III. 763.
SUMBAL, or Sumbul, drug, XXII. 641.
SUMBAWA, island, Indian Archipelago,
XXII. 641.

SUMBULPOOR, town, India, XXI. 247.
SUMELAS, monastery, Armenia, XXIII.
534.

SUMENEP, town, Madura, Indian Archipelago, XV. 194.

SUMER, district, Mesopotamia, XVI. 51.

SUMIDA, river, Japan, XXIII. 432.

SUMMAM, river, Algeria, 1. 563.

XXII. 641.

SUN-FISH, XXII. 658; XII. 690; XVII.

777; XXI. 777.

SUNFLOWER, plant, XXII. 659; oil from,
XVII. 746.

SUNGARI, river, Manchuria, xv. 466.
SUNGARS, Mongol people, XVI. 749;
XXIII. 636.

SUNGEI UJONG, district, Straits Settle-
ments, XXII. 587.

SUNIUM, Greece, Temple at, III. 60.
SUNNA, or Sunneh, Moslem traditional
law, XVI. 553, 594; XI. 508.
SUNNIN, mountain, Syria, XIV. 393.
SUNNITES, division of the Moham-
medans, XXII. 659; II. 722; XI. 508.
SUN-SIGNALLING, XI. 632.
SUN-SPOTS, II. 783; XXII. 646; their
connexion with the aurora, III. 97;
with terrestrial magnetism, XVI. 169,
175, 179, 180; with rainfall, Ix. 26;
cycles of, XII. 739; Herschel's observa-
tions on, XI. 766.
SUNSTONE, mineral, XVI. 420.
SUNSTROKE, XXII. 666; XVIII. 394;
death from, XV. 781.

SUNT ISLANDS, Nile, Africa, XVII.
507.

SUPERFŒTATION, XV. 779.
SUPERIOR, in land tenure, XIV. 264.

Lake, North America, XIV. 217; XXI. 177, 182; copper mines of, XXIII. 816.

SUPERNATURALISM, XX. 289.
SUPERPHOSPHATE OF LIME, as manure,
1. 348; manufacture of, XXII. 636.
SUPERSTITION, among primitive races,
VIII. 623; Plutarch on, XIX. 234.
SUPLINBURG, Count of (emperor Loth-
air), XV. 9.

SUPPLIANTS, The, Euripides's play,
VIII. 676.

SUPPLICATIONS, of the Litany, XIV. 696.
SUPPLIES, Granting of, in parliament,
XVIII. 313.

Military, XXIV. 349.

SUPPLY AND DEMAND, in economics,
XXIV. 47.

SUPPORTERS, in heraldry, XI. 710.

SUNDARBANS, swamps at mouth of SUPPURATION, in inflammatory diseases,
Ganges, India, x. 68.

SUNDA STRAIT, Indian Archipelago,
XXII. 653, 638.

SUNDAY, XXII. 653; relation of, to the
Sabbath, XXI. 125; sale on, illegal,
XXI. 208.

SUNDERLAND, town, England, XXII.
657.

Second Earl of, English statesman,
XXII. 657.

XVIII. 400; of wounds, XXII. 682; in process of healing, XVIII. 365. SUPRALAPSARIANISM, theological doctrine, XIX. 670. SUPRARENAL BODIES, 1. 908; diseases of, XVIII. 384.

SUPREMACY ACT (1535), England, XI. 664; XXIII. 199.

SUPREME COURT, of United States, II. 210; XIII. 789; XXIII. 750.

Third Earl of, English statesman, SUR, town, Palestine, XXIII. 710. XXII. 658.

SUNDEVALL, Carl Johan, on birds,

XVIII. 23, 37.

SUNDEW, plant, XIII. 134.

SUN-DIAL, VII. 153.

SURA, river, Russia, XVIII. 514; XXII.
76; XXIV. 279.

SURABAYA, town, Java, XIII. 605, 606;
XXII. 667.

SURAHWA NUT, XVII. 664.

SUMMARY JURISDICTION, Court of, SUNDILAH (Sandila), town, India, SURAJAH DOWLAH, Bengali ruler, VI.

SURAKARTA, town, Java, XVIII. 601, | SURVIVORSHIP, Presumption of, XV.

606; XXII. 667.

SURAM, Mountains of, Caucasia, V. 252.
SURAS, sections of the Koran, XVI. 598.
SURASHTRA, district, India, XIV. 14.
SURAT, district, India, XXII. 667; town,
XXII. 667; English factory at, XII.
798.

SURAYI, modern Nestorians, XVII. 358.
SURAZH, town, Russia, XXIII. 96; XXIV.
262.

SURBASE, in architecture, II. 474.
SURBITON, town, England, XXII. 667.
SUR-DAS, Hindi writer, XI. 845.
SURDS, in algebra, I. 534.

SURDUS LOQUENS, John Conrad Am-
man's work, VII. 6.

SUREN, Syriac writer, XXII. 844.
SURENAS, Parthian general,

596.

XVIII.

SURETY, in law, XXII. 667; XI. 236;

XVIII. 309.

SURFACE, in geometry, XXII. 668.
SURFACE-DRAINING, I. 329.
SURFACE-TENSION, of fluids, v. 62.
SURF-DUCK, bird, XXI. 470.
SURGERY, XXII. 672; in relation to
medicine, xv. 796; Desault's contri-
butions to, VII. 115; Hunter's, XII.
387; Syme's, XXII. 810; academies of,
I. 77; societies, XXII. 226.
SURGUT, town, Siberia, XXIII. 430.
SURI, town, India, III. 697.
SURICATE, carnivorous mammal, XV.
437.

SURINAM, or Dutch Guiana, South
America, XI. 251.

SURKHAB, river, Central Asia, XII. 3;
XVIII. 103.

SURKHAN, river, Central Asia, XII. 3.
SURNAMES, X. 144; XVII. 169; in Eng-
land, VIII. 300.

SURPLICE, church vestment, VI. 463.
SURPLUS VALUE, Marx's theory of,

XXII. 2II.

SURRENDER, in law, XXII. 692.
SURRENTUM (Sorrento), ancient town,
Italy, XXII. 276.

SURREY, county, England, XXII. 693.

Earl of, English poet, XXII. 694; VIII. 415; his relations with Wyat, XXIV. 704.

SURROGATE, ecclesiastical deputy, XXII. 695.

779.

SUS, genus of ungulate mammals, XXII.
773-

-, Wady, river, Morocco, XVI. 832.
SUSA, town, Italy, XXII. 722.

town, North Africa, XI. 366.
ancient town, Persia, XXII. 722;
XXI. 849; architectural remains at,
II. 400.
SUSANNA, of the Apocrypha, XXII. 723;
II. 181.

SUSANNITE, mineral, XVI. 400.
SUSARION, Greek comedian, xv. 828.
SUSIANA (Elam), ancient province,
Persia, VII. 794; XIV. 68; as a Parthian
satrapy, XVIII. 586, 592.

SUZUNSK, town, Siberia, XXIII. 439.
SVANBERGITE, mineral, XVI. 408.
SVART, Peder, Swedish chronicler, XXII.
754.

SVEABORG, fortress, Finland, Russia,
XXII. 728.

SVEALAND, division of Sweden, XXII.
736.

SVEDBERG (Swedenborg, q.v.), Emanuel,
Swedish mystic, XXII. 758.

Jesper, bishop of Skara, Swedish poet, XXII. 755, 758.

SVENDBORG, town, Denmark, vII. 83.
SVERRI, Norwegian chief, XVII. 588.
SVETO-BRDO, mountain, Dalmatia, VI.
783.

SVIATOSLAFF, Russian chief, xxI. 88.

Suso, Heinrich, German mystic, X. 526; SVIENCIANY, town, Russia, XXIV. 234-
XVII. 133.

SUSPENSION BRIDGES, IV. 301; me-
chanics of, XV. 740.

SUSQUEHANNA, river, U.S.A., xv. 603;
XVIII. 500.

SUSSEX, county, England, XXII. 723.
SUSSEXITE, mineral, XVI. 396.
SÜSSMILCH, J. P., Prussian statistician,
XXII. 462.

SUSTENTATION FUND, of Free Church
of Scotland, IX. 744.

SUSU, dolphin of the Ganges, XII. 743.
SUTHERLAND, county, Scotland, XXII.
726.

SVIR, river, Russia, XVII. 772; XXI. 73.
SVIYAGA, river, Russia, XXII. 76.
SWABBERS, in primitive whist, XXIV.
543.

SWABIA, ancient duchy, Germany, XXII.
729.

province, Bavaria, III. 453SWAFFHAM, town, England, XVII. 536. SWAHILI, people, East Coast, Africa, XXII. 729.

COAST, East Africa, XXIV. 768. SWAINSON, William, on birds, XVIII. 13. SWALE, river, England, XXIV. 747. SWALEDALE TROUT, fish, XXI. 223.

SUTLEJ, river, India, XII. 847; XX. 107; SWALLOW, bird, XXII. 729; migrations reached by Alexander, I. 484.

SUTORS OF CROMARTY, headlands,
Scotland, xx. 854.

of, III. 769.

SWALLOWING, Process of, 1. 838; XVII. 669.

SUTRA OF REASON and oF VIRTUE, SWAMMERDAM, John, Dutch naturalist, by Laou-tsze, v. 664.

SUTRAS, in Sanskrit literature, XXI.

274.

SUTRO TUNNEL, Comstock mines,
Nevada, U.S.A., XVII. 368.

XXII. 730; I. 812.
SWAN, bird, XXII. 730.

SWANENBURCH, J. I. van, Dutch painter, XX. 373.

SWAN-GOOSE, bird, X. 778.

SUTTEE, Hindu rite, XXII. 727; IV. 210; SWANHERD, Royal, in England, xxII. abolition of, XII. 806.

731.

IX. 409.

SUTTER, John Augustus, early settler SWANIMOTE, forest court, early England,
in California, XXI. 132; discoverer of
gold there, IV. 694.
SUTTON COLDFIELD, town, England,
XXII. 727.

SUTTON-IN-ASHFIELD, town, England,
XXII. 727; XVII. 598.
SUTURES, Anatomy of, 1. 832.
SUTZ, lake-dwelling, Bienne, Switzer-
land, XIV. 223.

judicial administrator, in U.S.A., SUVARNAMUKHI, river, India, XVII. XXII. 695.

SURTURBRAND, mineral, XVI. 429. SURVEYING, XXII. 695; geodesic, X. 163.

-, Book of, agricultural work, 1. 296.

SURVEY OF LONDON, Stow's, XXII. 580. SURVILLIERS, Comte de (Joseph Bonaparte, q.v.), IV. 28.

SURVIVAL OF THE FITTEST, in biology,

I. 87; VIII. 615, 750; XXIV. 80; in relation to socialism, XXII. 219.

320.

SWAN-PAN, Chinese arithmetical abacus,
I. 4.

SWAN RIVER, Western Australia, III.

107; XXIV. 507.

SWANSEA, town, Wales, XXII. 732.
SWARMING, of bees, III. 495.

SWARTZ, Olof, Swedish botanist, XXII.

733.

SWATOW, or Swartow, town, China,
XXII. 733.

SUWAKIM (Suakin), seaport, Red Sea, SWEARING, Judicial, XVII. 698.
Africa, XXII. 615, 316.

SUWALKI, government, Russian Poland,
XXII. 727; town, XXII. 728.
SUWAROFF, or Suvoroff, Alexander
Vasilievich, Russian general, XXII.
728; XXI. 100; his retreat through
Switzerland, III. 130; his successes
against the Turks, XXIII. 647.
SUZDAL, principality, Russia, XXI. 89;
town, XXIV. 271.

AND CURSING, Laws against, III.

807. SWEAT, SWEATING, XVII. 685; sweat glands, I. 899; excessive sweating,

XXII. 120.

SWEATING SICKNESS, XXII. 734. SWEDEN, XXII. 736; union of, with Norway (1814), XVII. 589; Reformation in, xx. 336; under Charles XII., V. 420; under Gustavus Adolphus, XI. 333;

Algernon, English statesman, XXII. SYMMER, Robert, his electrical re

33.
SYENE, ancient town, Egypt, VII. 783.
SYENITE, rock, X. 234; XI. 49.
SYEVSK, town, Russia, XVII. 826.
SYLBURG, Friedrich, German scholar,
XXII. 809.

SYLHET, district, Assam, India, XXII.
809; town, XXII. 810.
SYLLABUS, Papal (1864), XVII. 754.