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many, XXI. 347.

SAUMAISE, Claude de (Salmasius), Dutch | SAVIA, Roman province, Pannonia, | SAXE-COBURG-GOTHA, duchy, Gerscholar, XXI. 219; XVI. 332. SAUMAREZ, Baron de, English admiral,

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SAUROGNATHOUS TYPE, of birds, III. 716.

SAUROIDS, group of Vertebrata, XXI. 323.

SAUROMATÆ, or Sarmatians (q.v.), ancient people, XXI. 310, 78, 575, 578.

SAUROPODA, order of fossil reptiles, XX. 443.

SAUROPSIDA, group of Vertebrata, XXI.

323; XVIII. 43. SAUROPTERYGIA, group of fossil reptiles, XIX. 220; XX. 444. SAURURÆ, group of birds, III. 699; XVIII. 34, 44. SAUSAGE, German Pea, preserved food, XIX. 707.

SAUSSURE, Horace Bénédict de, Swiss physicist, XXI. 323; XXII. 799; his electrical experiments, VIII. 9; his observations on glaciers, X. 629.

Nicolas de, Swiss agriculturist, XXI. 323.

Nicolas Théodore de, Swiss chemist, XXI. 324.

SAUSSURITE, mineral, XIII. 541; XVI. 420.

SAUTERNE WINE, XXIV. 605.

SAUTREY, William, Lollard martyr, XIV. 811.

SAUVAGES, François Bossier de, French physicist, XV. 815.

SAVA, St, archbishop of Servia, XXI. 689.

SAVAGE, Richard, English poet and adventurer, XXI. 324; his relations with Dr Johnson, XIII. 722.

XVIII. 213.

SAVIGLIANO, town, Italy, XXI. 325. SAVIGNY, Carl Friedrich von, Prussian minister, XXI. 327.

Friedrich Carl von, historian of Roman law, XXI. 326.

SAVILE, George, marquis of Halifax, XI. 386.

-, Sir Henry, English scholar, XXI. 327.

SAVIN, plant, XIII. 774. SAVINGS BANKS, XXI. 327; post-office, XIX. 572; in England and Wales, VIII. 240, 256; at Paris, XVIII. 283. SAVOIE, department, France, XXI. 331. -, Haute-, department, France, XXI. 332.

SAVONA, town, Italy, XXI. 333. SAVONAROLA, Girolamo, Italian Reformer, XXI. 333; XIII. 481; in Florence, IX. 335; his influence on contemporary art, IV. 166; on Italian literature, XIII. 508.

SAVON DE VERRIER, mineral, XVI. 387.

SAVORY, herb, XII. 289.

SAVOY, departments of France, XXI. 331, 332; annexation of, IX. 624; XIII. 490.

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SAXE-MEININGEN, duchy, Germany, XXI. 348.

Saxe-SaalfelD, duchy, Germany, XXI.

122.

grand

SAXE-WEIMAR - EISENACH, duchy, Germany, XXI. 349. SAXICOLA, genus of birds, XXIV. 536. SAXIFRAGE, plant, XXI. 350; XII. 251. SAXO GRAMMATICUS, Danish historian and poet, XXI. 350; his Chronicle, I. 57. SAXON CHRONICLE, VIII. 406. SAXONS, Teutonic people, XXI. 351; relation of, to the Angles, II. 30; their opposition to Charlemagne, V. 402; in England, VIII. 268, 270; first invasion of England by, XXII. 725; in Germany, X. 477; of Transylvania, XXIII. 522; law of the, XXI. 215. SAXON SWITZERLAND, XXI. 357. SAXONY, country, North Germany, XXI. 351; army of, II. 599; libraries, XIV. 527, 546; prison system, XIX. 760; schools for the blind, III. 829.

North Mark of, division of ancient Prussia, XX. 2.

-, Prussian, province of Prussia, XXI. 359. SAXOPHONE, musical instrument, XVII. 708.

SAY, town, on Niger, Africa, XVII. 497.
-, Jean Baptiste, French political
economist, XXI. 360; XIX. 382.
SAYES COURT, mansion, Deptford, Eng-
land, VII. IOI.

SAYLE, William, colonizer of South
Carolina, U.S.A., XXII. 289.
SAYNITE, mineral, XVI. 391.
SAYYID AHMAD, Indian Wahhabi leader,
XI. 849.

SAYYID AHMAD KHAN BAHADUR, Urdu writer, XI. 850.

SAYYIDS, Indian race, XII. 746; XV. 185. SBEITLA, town, Tunis, XXIII. 620. SCABIES, disease, XVIII. 270; XXII. 123. SCAGLIOLA, in plaster work, IV. 508. SCALA, Della (Scaliger), ruling family in Verona, XXIV. 173; tombs of the, XXIV. 172; II. 456.

NOVA, town, Asia Minor, XXI. 361.

SCALE, of maps, XXII. 708; XV. 522. surveying instrument, XXII. 720. INSECTS, XIII. 153. SCALES, of animals, XXII. 107; of fishes, XII. 639; of mammals, XV. 348; of reptiles, XX. 446.

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SCALING, William, on the cultivation of | SCARUS, genus of fishes, XVIII. 324.
SCAT, udal tribute, XXIII. 716.

SCALLOWAY, town, Shetland, Scotland, SCATARI, island, Nova Scotia, XVII.

willows, III. 422.

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SCHEFER, Leopold, German poet, X. 546.

SCHEFFER, Ary, Dutch painter, XXI. 388.

SCAMANDER, river, Asia Minor, II. 707; SCAUP, or Scaup-Duck, bird, XXI. 378; SCHEFFLER, Johann (Angelus), German XXIII. 578.

SCAMELL, bird, X. 720.

SCAMMONY, drug, XXI. 365.

SCANDERBEG (George Castriota), Albanian prince, XXI. 365; 1. 225, 447;

XXIII. 642.

SCANDEROON, town, Asia Minor, XXI.
366; v. 777.
SCANDINAVIA, XXI. 366; union under
one crown (1397), XXII. 746; anti-
quities of, II. 341; ancient armour, II.
555; mythology, I. 209; XVII. 155.
SCANDINAVIAN ALPHABETIC CHAR-
ACTERS, I. 612.

SCANDINAVIAN LANGUAGES, XXI. 366;
dictionaries of, VII. 186.

SCANDIUM, Spectrum of, XXII. 377.
SCAPHOPODA, class of Mollusca, XVI.
663.

SCAPOLITE, mineral, XVI. 412.
SCAPULA, Anatomy of the, 1. 826.
SCAPULIMANCY, method of divination,

VII. 293; XV. 206.

SCARAB, gem, X. 136; Etruscan, VIII. 640.

SCARABÆIDA, group of insects, XXIV. 238.

SCARBOROUGH, town, England, XXI. 374.

town, Tobago, West Indies, XXIII.

427. SCARBROITE, mineral, XVI. 424. SCARCIES, rivers, Sierra Leone, XXII. 45. SCARDUS, Mount, Thrace, III. 282; XV. 136.

SCARICHTHYS, genus of fishes, XVIII.

324.

XIX. 252.

SCAVENGER'S DAUGHTER, instrument

of torture, XXIII. 465.

SCAW, cape, Denmark, VII. 80.
SCAWFELL, mountain, England, VI. 697.
SCEAUX, Court of, Madame Delaunay's
account of, XXII. 439.
SCENTS, or Perfumes, XVIII. 525.
SCEPTICISM, in philosophy, XXI. 378.
SCEPTRE, symbol of authority, XXI.
384.

SCHACH DAGH, mountain, Caucasus, v.
254.

SCHACK-STAFFELDT, Adolph, Danish
writer, VII. 92.

SCHADOW, Friedrich Wilhelm, German
painter, XXI. 385.

poet and hymn-writer, II. 28; XII. 587; XVII. 135.

SCHEIBLER, Johann Heinrich, on acoustics, XXIII. 619.

SCHEINER, Christoph, on sun-spots, II. 785.

SCHELDT, or Schelde, river, France, Belgium, and Holland, XXI. 389; III. 515.

SCHELLING, Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph von, German philosopher, XXI. 389; on the beautiful, I. 217; on evolution, VIII. 762; his influence on German rationalism, XX. 290; influence of his philosophy on Hegel, XI. 614; his metaphysics, XVI. 87; on theosophic speculation, XXIII. 279.

Johann Gottfried, German sculp- SCHELLY, fish, XIX. 650; XXI. 223.

tor, XXI. 385.

Rudolph, German sculptor, XXI.

385.
SCHAFARIK, Paul Joseph, Hungarian
writer, XXI. 386, 108; on the Slavs,
XXII. 145.

SCHAFBERG, mountain, Austria, XXI.
241.

SCHAFFHAUSEN, canton, Switzerland,
XXI. 386.

town, XXI. 387; XXII. 789; falls
of the Rhine near, XX. 519; XXII.
777.

SCHEMNITZ, town, Hungary, XXI. 393-
SCHENECTADY, town, New York, U.S.A.,
XXI. 393.

SCHENKEL, Lambert, on mnemonics,
XVI. 532.

SCHETKY, John Alexander, Scottish
painter, XXI. 393.

John Christian, Scottish painter, &c., XXI. 393.

SCHEUTZ, George and Edward, their calculating machine, IV. 655. SCHEVENINGEN, town, Holland, XXI.

394.

SCHÄFFLE, Albert, German economist, SCHIAVONE, Andrea, Italian painter,
XIX. 393.

SCHÄFFLERTANZ, popular festival at
Munich, Bavaria, XVII. 26.

xx. 609.

SCHIAVONETTI, Luigi, Italian engraver,
XXI. 394.

SCHALCKEN, Godfried, Dutch painter, SCHIEDAM, town, Holland, XXI. 394.
XXI. 387.

SCARIFIER, agricultural implement, I. SCHALMEY, musical instrument, XVII. 312.

SCARLATINA, disease, XXI. 376; XVIII.

404.

SCARLATTI, Alessandro, Italian musical composer, XXI. 375; XVII. 87.

Domenico, Italian musical composer, XXI. 376; XVII. 95.

706.

SCHAMYL, Peter, Caucasian hero, XXI.
387, 102; his resistance to the Russians,
v. 258.

SCHANDAU, town, Saxony, XXI. 387.
SCHARNHORST, Gerhard Johann David
von, Prussian general, XXI. 387.

SCARLET, Pigments of, XIX. 87; dyes, SCHARNITZ, Tyrol, stormed by Ney

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RUNNER, bean, XII. 283.

SCARP, in fortification, IX. 422.
SCARPA, Antonio, anatomist, 1. 816.
SCARPANTO (Carpathus), island, Medi-
terranean Sea, V. 127.

SCARPELLINO, workman for sculptor,
XXI. 571.

SCARRON, Madame (Madame de Main-
tenon, q.v.), XV. 304; IX. 578; XXI. 378.
Paul, French dramatist, XXI. 378.
SCAR-TISSUE, XVIII. 366.
SCARUFFI, Count Gasparo, Italian eco-
nomist, XIX. 356.

(1805), III. 132.

SCHÄSSBURG, town, Transylvania, Hun-
gary, XXI. 387.
SCHATTENBURG
Austria, IX. 65.
SCHAUMBURG-LIPPE, state, Germany,
XIV. 683.

variety of gin, x. 602.

SCHIEFFNER, Franz Anton, Russian
philologist, XXI. 394.

SCHIEHALLION, mountain, Scotland,
XVIII. 666.

SCHIEL, fish, XIX. 89.

SCHILLER, Johann Christoph Friedrich,
German dramatist and poet, XXI. 395;
on the philosophy of art, 1. 220; his
Spieltrieb theory, IX. 199; his influ-
ence on German drama, VII. 442; on
German literature, X. 538; his rela-
tions with Goethe, X. 731.

(Feldkirch), town, SCHILLER-SPAR, mineral, XVI. 415.
SCHINKEL, Karl Friedrich, German
architect and painter, XXI. 398.
SCHINUS, genus of trees, XVIII. 519.
SCHINZNACH, spa, Switzerland, XVI.
435.
SCHIRMER, Friedrich Wilhelm, German
painter, XXI. 398.

SCHEELE, Karl Wilhelm, Swedish
chemist, XXI. 387; V. 462; XXII. 755;
on photography, XVIII. 821.
SCHEELE'S GREEN, pigment, XIX. 88.
SCHEELITE, mineral, XVI. 403; XXIII.
607.

SCHEEMAKERS, Pieter, sculptor, XXI.
560.

SCHEERERITE, mineral, XVI. 429.

Johann Wilhelm, German painter,
XXI. 398.

SCHIRMERITE, mineral, XVI. 394.
SCHISM, The Great Papal, XIX. 502.
SCHISTOS, variety of alum, 1. 644.

SCHISTOSE ROCKS, in geology, X. 235. SCHIZOMYCETES, group of minute organisms, XXI. 398; IX. 836; their relations to Fungi, XXIV. 128. SCHIZONEMERTEA, suborder of nemertine worms, XVII. 326, 330. SCHIZORRHIS, genus of birds, XXIII. 487.

SCHLÄGER, German sword, XXII. 803. SCHLAGINTWEIT-SAKÜNLÜNSKI, Hermann von, German explorer, XXI. 408. SCHLANGENBAD, spa, Germany, XXI.

460; XVI. 433.

SCHLÜTER, Andreas, German sculptor, | SCHÖNEBERG, suburb of Berlin, Prussia,

XXI. 566.

SCHLYTER, Karl Johan, on the Wisby sea laws, XXI. 585.

XXI. 432. SCHÖNEMANN, Lili, friend of Goethe, X. 727.

SCHMALKALD, League of (1531), V. 415; SCHÖNER, Johann, his globe, X. 681.

X. 498; XV. 83; XX. 333.
SCHMALKALDEN, or Schmalkald, town,
Prussia, XXI. 416.

SCHMALZ, Theodor, German economist,
XIX. 363.

SCHMALZÖL, rape oil, XX. 274.
SCHMEISSER'S FORMULE, in spherical
trigonometry, XXIII. 567.

SCHLAWA SEE, lake, Prussian Silesia, SCHMIDT, Franz Max, on

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SCHONGAUER, Martin, German painter
and engraver, XXI. 432; VIII. 441.
SCHÖNING, Gerhard, Norse historian,
XVII. 590.

SCHÖNKOPF, Kätchen, friend of Goethe,
X. 723.

SCHÖNLEIN, Johann Lucas, German
physician, XV. 817.

Friar SCHOOL BOARDS, English and Scottish,

VII. 680.

Friedrich, German architect, XXIV. SCHOOLCRAFT, Henry Rowe, American

SCHMITT, Polish historian, XIX. 305.
SCHMOLKE, Benjamin, German hymn-
writer, XII. 587.

Johann Adolph, German preacher, SCHMÖLLN, town, Germany, XXI. 347.

XXI. 408.

Johann Elias, German dramatist,

XXI. 408.

Johann Heinrich, German writer

on Danish history, XXI. 408.

Karl Wilhelm Friedrich von, German historian of literature, XXI. 408; X. 542.

SCHLEGLERKRIEG, contest in Würtemberg (1367), XXII. 729. SCHLEI, inlet, Prussia, XXI. 413. SCHLEICHER, August, German philologist, XXI. 409; XVIII. 782. SCHLEIDEN, Matthias, German botanist, XXI. 409; on protoplasm, XIX. 828. SCHLEIERMACHER, Friedrich Daniel Ernst, German theologian, XXI. 409; X. 543; his influence on Baur, III. 448; influence on Neander, XVII. 304; on German rationalism, XX. 290; his lectures on the life of Jesus, XIII. 672. SCHLEMIHL, Peter, by Chamisso, V. 384. SCHLESIEN (Silesia, q.v.), district, Germany, XXII. 51.

SCHLESWIG, Invasion of, by Austria (1864), III. 139; relations with Denmark, VII. 88.

-, town, Prussia, XXI. 413. SCHLESWIG-HOLSTEIN, province, Prussia, XXI. 414; XX. 14, 16; the Schleswig-Holstein question, X. 507, 509, 510.

SCHLETTSTADT, town, German Alsace,
XXI. 416.
SCHLIEMANN, Heinrich, his explorations

SCHNEBELHORN,

mountain, Zurich, Switzerland, XXIV. 830. SCHNEEBERG, mountain, Moravia, XVI. 810.

town, Saxony, XXI. 357; bismuth smelting at, III. 791. SCHNEEBERGITE, mineral, XVI. 428. SCHNEEKOPF, mountain, Germany, XXI. 347; XXIII. 332. SCHNEEKOPPE, or Riesenkoppe, mountain, Germany, X. 449; XX. 552. SCHNEIDEMÜHL, town, Prussia, XXI. 416.

SCHNEIDER, Johannes (Agricola), German Reformer, I. 290; II. 129. SCHNEIDERITE, mineral, XVI. 382. SCHNITTER, Johannes (Agricola), German Reformer, I. 290; II. 129. SCHNORR VON KAROLSFELD, Julius, German painter, XXI. 416. SCHOEFFER, Johan, early German printer, XXIII. 688.

Peter, early German printer, XXIII. 687; on early printing, XXIII. 681, 684, 687.

SCHOLÆ MILITUM, Roman, XX. 784. SCHOLARIUS, Georgius (Gennadius), learned Byzantine, X. 153. SCHOLASTICISM, in philosophy, XXI. 417; 1. 35; dogmatic, VII. 340; logic of, XIV. 791; theology of, XXIII. 241; of Aquinas, II. 231; of Duns Scotus, VII. 545; Ramus's opposition to, XX. 268; Suarez's teaching, XXII. 615. SCHOLEMASTER, The, Ascham's work, II. 678. SCHOLIUM, Newton's, a fourth law of motion, XV. 715.

at Mycenæ, XVII. 115; at Tiryns, XXIII. 408; in the Troad, II. 341; XXIII. 581. SCHLOSSER, Johann Georg, friend of SCHOMBERG, Frederick Armand, duke Goethe, X. 722. of, English general, XXI. 431.

SCHLÖZER, August Ludwig yon, German SCHÖNBEIN, Christian Friedrich, Swiss historian, XXI. 416.

ethnologist, XXI. 432.

SCHOOL FOR SCANDAL, Sheridan's play,

XXI. 798.

SCHOOLMEN, Mediæval, XXI. 417. See Scholasticism.

SCHOOLS, VII. 670; endowed, XXI. 432; for the blind, III. 816, 826; for the deaf and dumb, II. 722; VII. 5; Acts relating to, VIII. 205; kindergarten, XIV. 79; musical conservatories, VI. 291; XVII. 83; public, law relating to, VII. 679; reformatory and industrial, XX. 338; technical, XXIII. 105; in the Middle Ages, XXIII. 831; in France, IX. 513; in Germany, X. 470; in London, XIV. 834; in Prussia, XX. 17; in Russia, XXI. 71; in United States, XXIII. 828. SCHOOL SOCIETY, British and Foreign, its origin, XIV. 258. SCHOOLS OF PAINTING, XXI. 433 (with list of painters, 442). SCHOPENHAUER, authoress, XXI. 453.

Adele, German

Arthur, German philosopher, XXI. 448; X. 544; his ethics and pessimism, XVIII. 688; on evolution, VIII. 763.

Johanna, German authoress, xxi.

453. SCHORHAM'S PSALTER, VIII. 383. SCHORITZ, town, Rügen, Prussia, XXI. 57.

SCHORLOMITE, mineral, XVI. 426. SCHOTT, Caspar, his aeronautic theory, I. 186.

SCHOUW, Joachim Frederik, Danish botanist, VII. 93.

SCHRÖCKH, Johann Matthias, on church history, V. 765.

SCHRÖDER, Hugo, his telescopic glasses, XXIII. 141, 144. SCHROETER, Christoph Gottlieb, his pianoforte improvements, XIX. 71. SCHRÖTER, Johann Hieronymus, German astronomer, XXI. 458; on the planet Venus, II. 791; his observatory, Lilienthal, Bremen, XVII. 713.

Christian von, German economist, SCHÖNBRUNN, Austria, Treaty of (1809), SCHUBART, Daniel, German writer, X.

chemist, XXI. 432.

XVII. 215.

XIX. 388. SCHLÜSSELBURG, town, Russia, XIV. 199; SCHÖNEBECK, town, Prussia, XXI. 432.

XXI. 190.

540.

SCHUBERT, Franz Peter, musical composer, XXI. 458. XXV. 50

SCHUDY, or Tschudi, Swiss family, | SCHWARZBURG-SONDERSHAUSEN, prin- | SCINDHIA (Sindhia), native prince, India XXIII. 600.

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cipality, Germany, XXI. 461. SCHWARZENBERG, Prince of, Austrian field - marshal, XXI. 462; XVII.

220.

SCHWARZWALD, or Black Forest, Germany, III. 795; XXIV. 699.

SCHULTE, Johann Friedrich, Old Catholic SCHWATKA, Lieutenant, Arctic explorer,

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SCHULTENS, Albert, Dutch Orientalist, SCHWEGLER, Albert, German philoso-
XXI. 458; XI. 601.
phical writer, XXI. 462.

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SCHULTZ, Michael, German musician, SCHWEINFURT, town, Bavaria, XXI.
XIX. 656.

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astronomer, XXI. 460.

462.

GREEN, pigment, XIX. 88. SCHWEINFURTH, Georg, on the Negro race, XVII. 318; his researches in Africa, I. 248.

SCHWEITZER (Helvetius), family of
Dutch physicians, XI. 642.
SCHWELM, town, Prussia, XXI. 463.
SCHWENCKFELD, Caspar, on birds, XVIII.

4.

XII. 804; XXIV. 494.

SCIO, island, Asia Minor, XXI. 465.
SCIOPPIUS, Gaspar, critic, XXI. 364.
SCIOPTICON LANTERN, XV. 212.

| SCIOTO, river, Ohio, U.S.A., XVII. 734-
SCIPIO, Lucius, Roman consul, XXI. 467.
Publius Cornelius, Roman general,
XXI. 466.

Quintus Cæcilius Metellus Pius, Roman general, XVI. 106.

Shield of, Roman plate, of 4th century, XIX. 181.

AFRICANUS, the Elder, Roman general, XXI. 467; XX. 750; his relations with Polybius, XIX. 412.

AFRICANUS, the Younger, XXI. 468; XIII. 766; in Spain, XXII. 306. NASICA, Roman pontifex, XXI.

468. SCIPIOS, Inscriptions on monuments of the, XIV. 329.

SCIRE FACIAS, in English law, XXI. 468.

SCIRON, of Greek legend, XIX. 559; XXIII. 294.

SCIRTOPODA, order of Rotifera, XXI. 8. SCISSORBILL, bird, XXII. 120.

SCHWENDENER, Simon, on lichens, XIV. 556. SCHWENKFELD, Caspar, German mystic, SCIURIDÆ, family of rodent mammals, XXI. 463; XVII. 134. XV. 418; XXII. 437. SCHWERIN, town, Mecklenburg, Ger- SCIUROPTERUS, genus of rodent mammany, XXI. 464. mals, XXII. 438.

SCHWIND, Moritz von, German painter, SCIURUS, genus of rodent mammals, XXI. 464.

XXII. 437; XV. 418.

SCHWYZ, canton, Switzerland, XXI. 464; SCLATER, Philip Lutley, on birds,
XXII. 781; town, XXI. 465.
SCIACCA, town, Sicily, XXI. 465.

SCHWABE, Samuel Heinrich, German SCIENIDE, family of fishes, XXIV.

738.

XVIII. 12, 27, 41.

SCLERENCHYMA, hardened plant cells, XII. 15.

SCLEROBLASTS, of sponges, XXII. 420.

SCHWABENSPIEGEL, German law code, SCIALOJA, Antonio, Italian economist, SCLEROTIA, tuberous bodies in Fungi,

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XXII. 729.

SCHWACH, Conrad Nicolai, Norwegian
poet, XVII. 590.
SCHWALBACH, spa, Germany, XXI. 460;
XVI. 434.

SCHWALENBERG, Counts of, German family, XXIV. 322.

SCHWANN, Theodor, German physiologist, XXI. 460; his cell theory, XXIV. 816; on embryology, VIII. 166; on fermentation, IX. 95; on minute organisms, XXI. 400. SCHWANTHALER, Ludwig Michael, German sculptor, XXI. 460, 566. SCHWARTZ, Christian Friedrich, German missionary, XXI. 461. SCHWARTZEMBERGITE, mineral, XVI.

385. SCHWARTZERD, Philip (Melanchthon, q.v.), German Reformer, XV. 833. SCHWARZ, or Schwartz, Christian Friedrich, German missionary, XXI. 461.

SCIENCE, SCIENCES, XXIV. 799; biological, III. 679; mathematical, XV. 629; physical, XIX. 1; relations of, to art, II. 637; to logic, XIV. 781; to metaphysics, XVI. 80; to philosophy, XVIII. 792; to theism, XXIII. 249; influence of Christianity on, V. 698; delusions of, in early times, I. 462; in relation to the Renaissance, XX. 383, 386; Bacon's views of, III. 214; academies of, 1. 70; scientific societies, XXII. 221, 222; XIV. 835.

IX. 828.

SCLEROTIC ACID, in ergot, VIII. 521. SCLEROTIC COAT, of the eyeball, I. 886.

SCLEROTITIS, eye disease, XVII. 782. SCODRA (Scutari), town, Albania, XXI. 573.

SCOGLIO OLIVI, island, Austria, XIX. 284.

SCOLARI, Paulino (Pope Clement III.), v. 821.

SCOLASTICA, St, sister of St Benedict, III. 558.

SCOLECITE, mineral, XVI. 423.

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SCHWARZBURG-Rudolstadt, princi- SCINDE, or Sind (q.v.), province, India, SCOOPER, bird, XXII. 552.

pality, Germany, XXI. 461.

XXII. 90.

SCOPAS, Greek sculptor, II. 360.

SCOPASIS, Scythian sovereign, XXI. 576.
SCOPIA, town, Macedonia, xv. 137.
SCOPOLI, Giovanni Antonio, on birds,
XVIII. 7.

SCOPS, genus of birds, XVIII. 91.
SCOPUS, genus of birds, XXII. 577.
SCORBUTUS, or Scurvy (q.v.), disease,

XXI. 572.

SCORESBY, William, English Arctic explorer and physicist, XXI. 468; XIX. 318.

SCORODITE, mineral, XVI. 405.
SCORONCONCOLO, Italian desperado, XV.
789.

SCORPION, arachnid, II. 283.
SCORPION-FLY, insect, XIII. 151.
SCORPION-GRASS, plant, IX. 414.
SCORPIONIDEA, order of Arachnida, II.
281.

SCORZONERA, vegetable, XII. 287.
SCOT, Michael, Scottish philosopher and
astrologer, XXI. 469, 427; translator
of Arabic works, II. 270; on physio-
gnomy, XIX. 4.

Reginald, English writer on
witchcraft, XXI. 470.
SCOTCH PEBBLE, I. 277.
SCOTER, bird, XXI. 470.

SCOTIA, or Scotland (q.v.), XXI. 477.

in architecture, II. 472.

SCOTICHRONICON, Fordun and Bower's,

IX. 397; XXI. 540.

system, VII. 680; universities, XXIII.
854.
SCOTLAND, Church of, XXI. 536; XXIII.
727; Moderatism in, XX. 599; Chal-
mers's relations to, v. 376.

Literature of, XXI. 540.

SCRIBONIUS CURIO, constructor of first
amphitheatre, 1. 774.

SCRIPTORIS, Paulus, tutor of Conrad
Pellicanus, XVIII. 477.

SCRIPTURE, see Bible; inspiration of,
XIII. 154.

YARD, police headquarters, London, SCRIVENER, Frederick Henry, on Codex XIX. 338.

SCOTOPHILUS, genus of bats, XV. 411.
SCOTS, their origin, XXI. 473; XIII. 244;
invasion of Roman province of Britain
by, IV. 353; VIII. 265.

Beza, I. 123.

SCRIVENER'S PALSY, disease, VI. 543.
SCROFULA, disease, XXI. 554; XVIII. 405.
SCROGGS, John, Arctic explorer, XIX.
318.

SCOTSMAN, Edinburgh newspaper, XVII.
423.
SCOTT, Alexander, early Scottish poet, SCRUB-BIRD, XXI. 554.
XXI. 542.

SCROPHULARIACEÆ, group of parasitic
plants, XVIII. 265.

David, Scottish painter, XXI. 543. -, Sir George Gilbert, English architect, XXI. 543.

SCUDERY, Georges de, French writer,
XXI. 555.

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Madeleine de, French novelist, XXI. 555; IX. 659; XX. 659.

John (Lord Eldon), lord chancellor SCUIR-NA-GILLEAN, mountain, Skye, of England, VII. 828.

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SCOTISM, Scholastic philosophical system,, Mount, Oregon, U.S.A., XVII. 822.

XXI. 429; VII. 545.

SCOTLAND, XXI. 471 (index, 536); invasion of, by William I. of England, XXIV. 576; by William II., XXIV. 577; Norman settlement in, XVII. 550; rebellion of 1745, V. 426; Reformation in, XX. 337; Stuart family, XXII. 610; union of crown with the crown of England (1603), XXI. 509; parliamentary union with England (1707), VIII. 353; XVIII. 308; XXI. 518; in time of Cromwell, vi. 601; under Edward I. of England, VII. 683; in time of Robert the Bruce, XX. 592; Wallace's exploits in, XXIV. 326; agriculture during 16th and 17th centuries, I. 298; banking in, III. 332; birds of, XVIII. 18; Church of, XXI. 536; Episcopal Church in, VIII. 489; XIV. 711; XXI. 779; Free Church of, IX. 742; United Presbyterian Church, XXIII. 727; coalfields, VI. 52; coins, XVII. 656; cotton manufacture, VI. 501; fisheries, IX. 257; forests, IX. 399; Gaelic literature, V. 313; Gaelic topography, X. 10; Gothic architecture, II. 428; law of landlord and tenant, XIV. 276; land tenure, XIV. 264; statute law, XXII. 470; libraries, XIV. 522, 542; mines, XVI. 467; newspapers, XVII. 422; observatories, XVII. 710; peerage, XVIII. 466; police system, XIX. 341; Presbyterianism in, XIX. 679; school

SCOTTISH CHIEFS, Miss Porter's work,
XIX. 527.

SCOTTISH EPISCOPAL CHURCH, its lit-
urgy, XIV. 711.

Scotland, XXII. 127.
SCULLS, oars, XXI. 30.

SCULPTURE, XXI. 556; as a fine art, IX.
204; as illustrated on coins, XVII.
629, 633; in relation to poetry, XIX.
262; Pindar's recognition of, XIX.
IOI; in terra-cotta, XXIII. 193, 194;
in wall decoration, XVII. 34; in wood,
XXIV. 645; Assyrian, III. 190; Greek,
II. 347; examples by Lysippus, xv.
120; Michelangelo's, XVI. 230;
Raphael's, xx. 281; on rocks, in
Phrygia, XVIII. 850; at Selinus,
Sicily, XXI. 633; Venetian, XXIV.
156; Veronese, XXIV. 172; academies
of, I. 78; Watt's inventions for copy-
ing, XXIV. 414.

SCOTTISH GUARD, in France, under SCUMBLING, in painting, XVIII. 138.
Charles VII., IX. 551.
SCOTTISH LITERATURE, XXI. 540.
SCOTUS, Johannes (Erigena), mediæval
philosopher, VIII. 371, 522.

SCUPI, town, Macedonia, XV. 137.
SCURVY, disease, XXI. 572; XVIII. 377;
diet for, VII. 207.

—, John Duns, scholastic philosopher,
VII. 545; XXI. 429; on evolution, VIII.
758.
SCOURGING, as a religious discipline, IX.
280.

SCOUT, bird, XI. 262; XX. 302.
SCOUTI-ALLEN, bird, XXII. 125.
SCRABER, SCRAIB, bird, xxi. 781.
SCRANTON, town, Pennsylvania, U.S.A.,
XXI. 551.

SCREAMER, bird, XXI. 552.
SCREECH-OWL, bird, XVIII. 89.
SCREEN, in architecture, II. 472.
SCREW, XXI. 552; XV. 754, 759; ma-
chines for manufacture of, XV. 153,
155; of Archimedes, II. 381.
SCREW-PROPELLER, of a ship, XXI.

823.

SCREW TOOLS, XI. 438.
SCRIBE, Augustin Eugène, French
dramatist, XXI. 553.

SCRIBES, Jewish, III. 641; VIII. 831; XIII.
419.

SCUTAGE, knight service, in law, XXI.
572; as military tax, I. 32.
SCUTARI, town, Albania, XXI. 573; I.
448.

province, Turkey in Europe, XXIII. 653.

town, Turkey in Asia, XXI. 573.
Lake, Albania, XVI. 780.

SCUTCHER, cotton machine, VI. 491, 493.
SCUTES, of animals, XXII. 107, 108.
SCUTIGERA, genus of Myriapoda, XVII.

119.

SCUTTOCK, bird, XI. 262.
SCYLAX of Caryanda, Greek explorer,
XXI. 573.

SCYLES, Scythian king, XXI. 578.
SCYLLA AND CHARYBDIS, Legend of,
XXI. 574.

SCYLLIUM, genus of sharks, XXI. 774.
SCYMNUS of Chios, Greek geographer,
XXI. 574.

SCYPHOMEDUSE, subclass of Hydrozoa,
XII. 555.

SCYROS, island, Ægean Sea, XXI. 574.

SCRIBLERUS CLUB, English literary SCYRRI, Teutonic tribes, XVII. 726. society, II. 325.

SCYTALIDÆ, family of snakes, XX. 193.

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