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189; in England, VIII. 280, 300, 310,
317, 326, 330; Etruscan, VIII. 637;
Gothic, of Pugin, XX. 103; Greek, II.
346, 354, 359, 364; ancient Mexican,
XVI. 214; Norman, XVII. 551; Phœ-
nician, XVIII. 810; Pompeiian, XIX.
449; Roman, II. 367; XX. 809; Vene-
tian, XXIV. 148; Veronese, XXIV. 172;
academies of, 1. 78; works on, II. 457;
Palladio's works on, XVIII. 187; Ra-
phael's contributions to, XX. 281;
Street's, XXII. 594; Vitruvius's work
on, XXIV. 265; architectural societies,
XXII. 226.

ARCHITRAVE, in architecture, II. 459;
IV. 492.

ARCHIVES, II. 476; of Belgium, III. 521;
English, XX. 310.

ARCHLUTE, musical instrument, XV.

71.

ARCHON, Athenian magistrate, II. 476;
XV. 217.
ARCHYTAS, of Tarentum, philosopher,
II. 477; his flying dove, I. 185.
ARCIS-SUR-AUBE, town, France, II. 477.
ARCOLA, Italy, Battle of (1796), xvii.
197.

|

ARDELAN, province, Persia, II. 479.
ARDEN, woodland division, Warwick-
shire, England, XXI. 738.

Mary, Shakespeare's mother, XXI.
745, 747, 765.

ARDENNES, department, France, II. 479.
ARDENNITE, mineral, XVI. 426.
ARDERN, mountain, Ireland, XX. 170.
ARDFERT, village, Ireland, II. 480;
cathedral at, XIV. 52.

ARDGLASS, town, Ireland, II. 480.
ARDJARI, town, Transcaucasia, Russia,
XXIII. 514.

ARETIN, J. C. F. von, writer on mne-
monics, XVI. 533.
ARETINO, Pietro, Italian satirist, II. 486;
XX. 609; XXIII. 414.
ARETINUS, Guido, Italian musician, XI.
257; XVII. 80.

AREZZO, town, Italy, 11. 486; XXII. 41;
altar in cathedral, XIX. 123; its school
of painting, XXI. 436, 442; university,
XXIII. 836.

ARFVEDSONITE, mineral, XVI. 418.
ARGÆUS, mountain, Asia Minor, II.
705; V. 75; XXIII. 654.

ARDMORE, Ireland, round tower and ARGALI, kind of sheep, XXI. 785.
cathedral at, XXIV. 401.
ARGAM, village, India, II. 486.

833.

ARDOCH, parish, Scotland, II. 480; ARGAN, tree and fruit, Morocco, XVI.
Roman remains at, XVIII. 667.
ARDOIN, Lombard king, XIII. 469.
ARDRES, town, France, II. 480.
ARDROSSAN, town, Scotland, II. 480; 111.
163.

AREA, Mensuration of, XVI. 13.
Standards of, XXIV. 485.
AREAS, parabolic and elliptic, projec-
tion of, XIX. 798.

ARECA, genus of palms, III. 616; xvIII.
190.

ARCOS DE LA FRONTERA, town, Spain, ARED, province, Arabia, II. 240, 254.
AREKHA, Abba (Rab), Jewish scholar,

II. 477.
ARCOSOLIUM, arched tomb, in the Cata-

combs, V. 209, 210.

ARCOT, districts, India, II. 477.

XX. 190.

ARELATE (Arles), ancient town, France,
II. 543.

town, India, II. 478; siege of AREM, Flood of, in Arabia, II. 255. (1751), VI. 9; XII. 800.

ARCS, Circular, graduation of, XI. 28.
ARCTIC CURRENT, III. 20.

ARCTIC EXPLORATIONS, X. 190, 192;

XIX. 315; Franklin's, IX. 721.
ARCTIC OCEAN, II. 478; XIX. 315.
ARCTIUM, genus of plants, XXIII. 307.
ARCTOIDEA, section of Carnivora, XV.
439.

AREMBERG, town, Prussia, II. 481.

Dukes of, II. 481.

ARENA, in the amphitheatre, 1. 775.
ARENACEA, group of Foraminifera, IX.
375.

ARENARIÆ, sandpits used as catacombs,

V. 212.

ARENAS GORDAS, district, Spain, XXII.
293.

ARCTOMYS, genus of rodent mammals, ARENDAL, town, Norway, II. 481.

XV. 417, 418, 559.

ARCTONYX, genus of carnivorous mam-
mals, XV. 439.

ARCUEIL, France, aqueduct at, II. 222.
Société d', X. 122.
ARCULPH, French bishop, on the Holy
Sepulchre, XXI. 672.
ARCUS SENILIS, eye disease, XVII. 781.
ARDABIL, town, Persia, II. 479; XVIII.
626.

ARDAHAN, town, Transcaucasia, Russia,
XXIII. 515.

ARDAKAN, town, Persia, XVIII. 628.
ARDASHIR I., king (Sasanian) of Persia,
XVIII. 607.

II., of Persia, XVIII. 610.
III., of Persia, XVIII. 615.

ARDATOFF, town, Russia, XXII. 77.
ARDEA, ancient town, Italy, II. 479;

XIV. 343.

-, genus of birds, XI. 760.

ARDEBIL, town, Persia, II. 479.

ARDÈCHE, department, France, II. 479; river, XX. 528.

ARENDALITE, mineral, II. 481.
ARENICOLA MARINA, lobworm, II. 71.
ARENSBURG, town, Russia, XVII. 732.
ARENSKRONE, town, Prussia, VII. 134.
AREOPAGITICA, Greek writings, VII.
248.

Milton's work, XVI. 330.
AREOPAGUS, hill, Athens, II. 481; XI.
97; XVIII. 531; XXII. 255.

ARGAND, Aimé, his burner for lamps, X. 98; XIV. 245; his anticipation of quaternions, XX. 161.

ARGAUM (Argam), village, India, II.
486.

ARGELANDER, Friedrich W. A., Ger-
man astronomer, II. 486.
ARGELÈS, town, France, XX. 127.
ARGENIS, Barclay's romance, III. 369.
ARGENS, river, France, XXIV. 68.
ARGENSOLA, Bartolomeo Leonardo,
Spanish poet, II. 487.

Lupercio Leonardo, Spanish dramatist, II. 486; XXII. 356.

ARGENTAN, town, France, II. 487; xviii.
2; lace of, XIV. 186.

ARGENTEUIL, town, France, II. 487;
XXI. 625.

ARGENTIERA (Cimolos), island, Ægean
Sea, xv. 841.

ARGENTINA, genus of Salmonidæ, XXI.

221, 224.

ARGENTINE REPUBLIC, II. 487; I. 712; debt, XVII. 247; libraries, XIV. 536, 551; newspapers, XVII. 437; observatory at Cordova, XVII. 716. ARGENTITE, mineral, XVI. 392. ARGENTORATUM (Strasburg), Roman station, Germany, XXII. 589. ARGHAND-AB, river, Afghanistan, I.

229.

ARGHOUL, musical instrument, XVII. 707.

ARGIOPE, genus of Brachiopoda, XIX. 44I.

AREQUIPA, department and town, Peru, ARGIPPÆI, ancient nomadic race, XXI.

II. 484; XVIII. 674.

ARES, Greek god (the Roman Mars), II.
484; XV. 569; festival of, at Papremis,
XIX. 91; fountain of, at Thebes, XXIII.
230.

ÅRESKUTAN, mountain, Sweden, XXII.
736.

ARESON, Jon, Icelandic poet, 11. 485.
ARETÆUS, Greek physician, II. 485; I.
802; XV. 804.

ARETHUSA, fountain, Syracuse, II. 485;
XXII. 813.

ancient town, Macedonia, II. 486.
ancient town, Syria, II. 486.

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ARGONNE, plateau, France, II. 497.
ARGOS, ancient town, Greece, II. 497;
XI. 93; its school of sculpture, II.
350.

ARISTEUS, in Greek legend, II. 504.
ARISTAGORAS, lord of Miletus, XI. 98;
XVIII. 570.

ARISTANDER, Greek soothsayer, II. 504.

ARGOSTOLI, town, Cephalonia, Greece, ARISTARCHUS of Samos, astronomer, II.

II. 497; V. 344.

ARGOSY, ship, named from Ragusa, XII.

710; XX. 221.

—, magazine, XXIV. 644.
ARGOVIE (Aargau), Swiss canton, 1. 3.
ARGUIN, island, West Africa, II. 497.
ARGUN, river, Siberia, I. 746; XXIII.
510.

ARGUS, in Greek legend, II. 498.
ARGUSA (Ragusa), ancient town, Dal-
matia, XX. 221.

ARGYLL, Earls and dukes of, II. 498;
eighth earl, XXI. 515; ninth earl, XXI.
517.
ARGYLLSHIRE, county, Scotland, II.
499; area and population, XXI. 528;
representation, XXIII. 727; its herring
fishery, IX. 260.

ARGYRO-CASTRO, town, Albania, II.

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504, 748.

of Samothrace, grammarian, II.
504; XI. 43, 143; XII. 115.
ARISTEAS, mythical poet, II. 504.
ARISTIDES, Athenian general, II. 504;
XI. 99; rival of Themistocles, XXIII.
250.

of Thebes, Greek painter, II. 506.
Ælius, Greek rhetorician, II. 505.
-, Quintilianus, writer on music, II.
506.

ARISTILLUS, Alexandrian astronomer,
II. 748.

the mysteries, XVII. 126; on physiognomy, XIX. 3; on reptiles, XX. 432; his rhetoric, XX. 510; on slavery, XXII. 131; on the Tethyum, one of the Tunicata, XXIII. 609; commentaries on, by Albertus Magnus, I. 454; by Alexander of Aphrodisias, I. 486; edition of his works by Brandis, IV. 215; translations of his works by Boetius, III. 856. ARISTOXENUS, Greek writer on music and philosopher, II. 524; XVII. 78; XVIII. 545.

ARITHMETIC, II. 524; Cardan's work on, V. 90; contributions to, by Leonardo of Pisa, XIX. 125; by Napier, XVIL 184; by the Pythagoreans, XX. 140 tables of, XXIII. 7.

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ARISTOCRACY, XVII. 524; XVIII. 458;
government by, XI. 11; Roman, of the
Middle Ages, XX. 782, 787, 792, 806.
ARISTOCRATES, Demosthenes's oration
against, VII. 69.

ARISTOLOCHIA, genus of plants, XI. 228.
ARISTOPHANES, Greek dramatist, II.
507; VII. 407; XI. 140; as satirist,
XXI. 318.

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theory of numbers,

ARIUS, theologian of Alexandria, II. 537; at council of Nicæa, VI. 560.

-, genus of fishes, XXII. 68. ARIZONA, Territory, U.S.A., II. 538; XXIII. 802.

ARJUN MAL, Sikh ruler, India, xx.

110.

ARK, of Noah, II. 539; VII. 55.

of the Covenant, II. 539; XIII. 398. ARKANSAS, State, U.S.A., II. 539; XXIII. 802; river, II. 540; XVI. 518. ARKANSITE, mineral, XVI. 387. ARKLET, Loch, Scotland, XXII. 553. ARKLOW, town, Ireland, II. 540; XXIV. 557.

ARKSUTITE, mineral, XVI. 384.

ARKWRIGHT, Sir Richard, English in

ventor, II. 540; VI. 490; XVII. 600. ARLBERG TUNNEL, Alps, XXIII. 624.

mime, XVIII. 215.

ARLES, town, France, II. 543.
ARLINGTON, Earl of, English statesman,
III. 573.

of Byzantium, Alexandrian critic, ARLECCHINO (Harlequin), of the pantoII. 510. ARISTOTELIANISM, or Aristotelian Philosophy, its different epochs, II. 523; Abelard's resuscitation of, I. 35; Ramus's opposition to, XX. 268; relation of, to scholasticism, XXI. 417, 426; Trendelenburg's revival of, XXIII. 542.

ARIÉGE, department, France, II. 502.
ARIKAREES, American Indian tribe, XII.
832.
ARIMANES (Ahriman, q.v.), Zoroastrian ARISTOTLE, II. 510; XVIII. 545; tutor of
principle of evil, I. 424.
ARIMASPIANS, ancient race, Scythia,

XXI. 577.

ARIOBARZANES I., II., kings of Cappadocia, v. 76.

Persian general, XVIII. 559.
Persian satrap, XVIII. 579.
king of Pontus, XIX. 459.

ARION, Greek poet, II. 502.
ARIOSTO, Lodovico, Italian poet, II. 502;
VII. 418; XIII. 509; his place in the
Renaissance, XX. 385.

ARIOVISTUS, German leader, X. 474.
ARISBAYA, town, Madura, Indian Archi-
pelago, XV. 193.

ARISTÆNETUS, Greek letter-writer, XX. 636.

ARLON, town, Belgium, II. 543.
ARLOTTI, Jacopo, captain of the people,
Rome, XX. 798.

ARM, Human, anatomy of, 1. 827, 839.
ARMADA, Spanish, II. 543; XVIII. 745;
XXII. 329.

ARMADILLO, family of Edentata, II. 544;
XV. 358, 386; skeleton of, XXII. 108.
ARMAGH, county, Ireland, II. 545;
population and representation, XXIII.
727.

, town, Ireland, II. 546; library, XIV. 524; observatory, XVII. 710. Archbishop of, II. 370.

Alexander the Great, I. 480; founder
of the Peripatetics, XVIII. 545; his in-
fluence on Greek literature, XI. 142;
his relations with Theophrastus, XXIII.
277; on analogy, I. 791; his Analytics,
1. 793; founder of comparative ana-
tomy, I. 800; his classification of
animals, XXIV. 804; his influence on
Arabian philosophy, II. 266; on associ-
ation of ideas, II. 730; on astronomy,
II. 747; on axioms, III. 158; on the
beautiful, 1. 215; on birds, XVIII. 2;
on the categories, V. 222; his economic
theories, XIX. 349; his ethics, VIII. 581;
on evolution, VIII. 757; on fishes, XII.
630; his logic, XIV. 784; on medicine, ARMATOLI, special constables in Greece,
XV. 801; his metaphysic, XVI. 79; on

412.

Book of, Irish MS., XVIII. 158,

ARMAGNAC, district, France, II. 546.
ARMAGNACS, party, in France, V. 410;
IX. 548; their struggles in Paris,
XVIII. 290.

XI. 124.

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ARMLET, bracelet, IV. 187.
ARMORIAL BEARINGS, XI. 683.
ARMORICA, district, France, II. 553.
ARMORIC LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE,
V. 298, 324; dictionaries of, VII. 188.
ARMOUR, II. 553.
ARMOUR-PLATED SHIPS, XVII. 285;
XXI. 822.

ARMOUR-PLATING, of sea fortresses,
IX. 451.

ARMS, of the British army, II. 588;
early Irish, XIII. 254; small, XI. 278.
Coats of, XI. 683, 688.

AND ARMOUR, II. 553.
ARMSTRONG, Archie, jester, IX. 366.
John, English writer, II. 558.
GUN, XI. 290, 307.

ARMY, II. 559; employment of, in war,
XXIV. 343; official precedence in
British, XIX. 667; Austrian, III. 123;
British, VIII. 244; European armies,
VIII. 705; French, IX. 516; German,
X. 467; Indian (British), XII. 774;
Italian, XIII. 458; Persian, XVIII. 628;
ancient Roman, XX. 734, 746, 759;
Russian, XXI. 72; Spanish, XXII. 203;

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Turkish, XXIII. 655; United States, | ARNOTT, Neil, physicist, II. 627.
XXIII. 828; barracks, III. 391; courts ARNOTTO, vegetable dye, 11. 627.
martial, VI. 517; dietary, VII. 212; ARNSBERG, town, Westphalia, II. 628;
savings banks, XXI. 330; transport
XXIV. 517.
corps, XXIV. 295; military societies,

XXII. 227.

ARMY ACT, English (1881), XVI. 296.
ARNA, wild buffalo, IV. 442.
ARNAOUTS (Albanians), Greece, XI. 83.
ARNAUD, Henri, Waldensian leader, II.
620; XXIV. 325.

DE VILLA NOVA, alchemist, II.

ARNSTADT, town, Germany, 11. 628;
XXI. 461.

ARNULF, king of Germany, X. 481.

-, archbishop of Rheims, XXII. 75.
ARNUS (Arno), river, Italy, 11. 624.
AROK-SZALLAS, town, Hungary, II. 628.
AROLSEN, town, Waldeck, Germany,
XXIV. 321.

620.
ARON, river, France, XVII. 495.
ARNAULD, Angélique, abbess of Port ARONA, town, Italy, II. 628.
Royal, II. 620.

Antoine, French theologian, II.
620; XVIII. 335; XXII. 82; his con-
nexion with Jansenism, XIII. 566.

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Jacqueline Marie, abbess of Port
Royal, II. 621; XIX. 533.

AROUET, François Marie, real name of
Voltaire, 1. 791; XXIV. 285.
ARPAD, Hungarian dynasty, XII. 367.
ARPINO, town, Italy, II. 628.
ARPOXAIS, Scythian legendary hero,
XXI. 576.

ARNAUT DANIEL, Provençal poet, XIX. ARQUA, town, Italy, II. 628.
874.

ARQUERITE, mineral, XVI. 382.

ARNDT, Ernst Moritz, German writer, ARQUES, town, France, II. 628; forest,
II. 622; X. 543.

John, German Protestant theolo-
gian, II. 622; X. 529; XIX. 83.
ARNE, Thomas Augustine, musical com-
poser, II. 623.

ARNHEIM, town, Netherlands, II. 623.

Johan Georg, Baron von, German general, II. 624.

XXI. 626.

ARRABBIATI, Florentine faction, XXI.
336.

ARRACHEL, Arabian mathematician,
XXIII. 562.

ARRACK, spirituous liquor, II. 628; VI.
103; distillation of, VII. 264.
ARRAH, town, India, XXI. 735.

ARNHEM (Arnheim), town, Netherlands, ARRAIGNMENT, in law, II. 628.

II. 623.

LAND, Australia, III. 107.
ARNICA, genus of plants, II. 623.
ARNIM, Bettina von, German authoress,
II. 624.

Johan Georg, Baron von, German
general, II. 624.

Karl Otto Ludwig von, German
writer of travels, II. 624.

-, Ludwig Achim von, German poet
and novelist, II. 624.
ARNI MAGNUSSON, Icelandic writer,
XII. 626; XV. 284.
ARNIS, Greek festival, XIV. 678.
ARNISÆUS, Henningus, German phy-
sician, II. 624.

ARNO, river, Italy, II. 624; XIII. 438.
-, archbishop of Salzburg, II. 625.
ARNOBIUS, the Elder, Christian writer,
II. 625.

ARRAN, island, Scotland, II. 628.

Earl of, regent of Scotland, XXI. 499.

ARRAS, town, France, II. 629; XVIII.
339; tapestry of, XXIII. 212; treaty of
(1435), IX. 550.

ARREBO, Anders, Danish poet, VII. 90.
ARREST, in law, II. 629; without warrant,
XXIV. 371.

ARRESTMENT, in Scots law, II. 630.
ARREST OF JUDGMENT, II. 630.
ARRETIUM (Arezzo), ancient town,
Italy, II. 486; VIII. 635.
ARRETOPHORIA, Greek festive cere-
mony, XXIII. 296.

ARRIA, wife of Cæcina Pætus, 11. 630.
ARRIAN, Greek historian, II. 630.
ARRIGAL, mountain, Ireland, VII. 361.
ARRIUS DIOMEDES, Villa of, Pompeii,
XIX. 450.

ARROE, island, Denmark, I. 184. ARRONDISSEMENT, administrative division, France, IX. 509.

—, the Younger, Biblical commentator, AR-RIYASHI, Arabian historian, XXIII. 3. II. 625. ARNOLD, town, England, XVII. 598. German hymn-writer, XII. 587. of Brescia, forerunner of the Reformation, II. 625; XIII. 472; XX. 792. Benedict, American adventurer, XXIII. 744, 787.

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ARROW, Lough, Ireland, XXII. 159.

POISONS, XXII. 608.

ARROWROOT, II. 631; Brazilian, v. 182;
in Polynesia, XIX. 419.
ARROWS, manufacture of, II. 376.

ARROWSMITH, family of geographers, II.
632.

DE TORROGE, grand-master of ARROYO, river, Cochin-China, XXI. 152.
Knights Templars, XXIII. 161.
ARNOLDUS DE VILLA NOVA, alchemist,

II. 620.

ARSACES I., king of Parthia, XV. 143;
XVIII. 587.

II., of Parthia, XVIII. 589.

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WARD (Charles Farrar Browne), American humorist, IV. 389; I. 727.

ARSENIC, chemical element, II. 634; V.
539; XVI. 380; as poison, XIX. 277.
ARSENIDES, as impurities of ores, XVI.61. | ARTERIES, blood-vessels, XXIV. 103, 106;
anatomy of, I. 902; in reptiles, XX.
459.

Methyl, XVI. 197.

ARSENIOSIDERITE, mineral, XVI. 406.
ARSENOLITE, mineral, xvI. 388.
ARSES, king of Persia, XVIII. 581.
ARSICAS (Artaxerxes II.), king of Persia,
XVIII. 576.

ARSINOE, wife of Lysimachus, XV. 120. ancient town, Egypt, XXII. 620.

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Spring of, Greece, XVI. 52.

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mammals, XV. 429.

ARTISAN LABOUR, XIV. 166.
ARTIST, Aims of the, IX. 197.

ARTISTS, Greek and Roman, II. 368. ARTOIS, ancient province, France, II. 670.

412.

Count of (Charles X. of France), v.

House of, its connexion with Capet family, V. 55.

ART POÉTIQUE, of Boileau, III. 863. ARTS, Faculty of, in universities, XXIII. 833.

The Fine, IX. 194.

ARSISSA PALUS (Lake Van), Asia ARTHÉNICE (Marquise de Rambouillet), ARTUS (Arthur), British hero, II. 649.

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518.

ARSON, in law, II. 635; in relation to ARTHRITIS, Rheumatoid, disease, XX.
insurance, XIII. 167.
ART, 11. 636; beginnings of, VIII. 622;
illustrated by coins, XVII. 629, 633;
copyright in works of, VI. 360; func-
tions of, 1. 213; Etruscan, VIII. 637,
639; early Greek, 11. 345; Japanese,
XIII. 588; poetical, XIX. 258; in the
Renaissance, XX. 385, 390; Schopen-
hauer on, XXI. 451.

ARTA, town, Albania, 11. 639; river, II. 640.

Gulf of, Ionian Sea, II. 640. ARTABA, Egyptian measure, XXIV. 485. ARTABANUS I., king of Parthia, XVIII. 594.

II., of Parthia, XVIII. 595.
III., of Parthia, XVIII. 600.
IV., of Parthia, XVIII. 605.

murderer of Xerxes I., XVIII. 573. ARTABAZUS, Persian satrap, negotiates with Pausanias, XVIII. 573.

Persian satrap, his revolt under Artaxerxes, XVIII. 580. ARTAMUS, genus of birds, XXII. 730. ART AND PART, in Scots law, II. 639. ARTAPHERNES, Persian general, XVIII. 571.

ARTAXERXES, kings of Persia, II. 640; tombs of, XVIII. 558.

I., Longimanus, XVIII. 573.
II., Mnemon, VI. 753; XVIII. 576.
III., Ochus, XVIII. 580; his con-
quest of Egypt, VII. 744.

IV., Bessus, XVIII. 582.
ARTEDI, Peter, Swedish naturalist, II.
642; XII. 632; XIV. 672.
ARTELS, Russian co-operative societies,
XXI. 84.

ARTEMIDORUS, of Ephesus, writer on dreams, II. 642.

ARTEMIS, Greek goddess (the Roman Diana), II. 643; VII. 167; XVII. 154;

ARTHROBACTERIACEÆ, family of Schizomycetes, XXI. 405. ARTHROPODA, group of animals, II. 647; XIII. 141; XVII. 115; in Lankester's classification, XXIV. 813; embryology of, XX. 419; histology of, XII. 7; reproduction of, XX. 409; skeletal structure of, XXII. 106; their touch-organs, XXIII. 478. ARTHROSPOREE, group of Schizomycetes, XXI. 405. ARTHUR, early British king and hero of romance, II. 649; VIII. 271; romances and legends of, V. 322; VIII. 309, 407; IX. 639; X. 172; XX. 642, 647, 649; his connexion with Caerleon, IV. 632.

of Brittany, nephew of John, king of England, VIII. 306; IX. 541; XIII. 713.

ARTUSI, Giovanni Battista, Italian musician, XVII. 87.

ARTVIN, town, Transcaucasia, Russia, XXIII. 514.

ARUBA, island, West Indies, XXIV. 510.

ARU ISLANDS, Moluccas, II. 670; XII. 815.

ARUKH, Talmudic lexicon, XXIII. 37. ARUN, river, Sussex, England, XXII. 723.

ARUN-BARUN BASIN, Tibet, XXIII. 341.

ARUNDEL, town, England, II. 670; XXII. 724.

- Thomas, archbishop of Canterbury, II. 670; his Constitutiones against heresy, XIV. 812.

MSS. AND LIBRARY, XXI. 38; music in, XVII. 83. ARUNDELIAN MARBLES, II. 671; Parian Chronicle in, XVIII. 273.

XVIII. 483.

Chester Alan, president of the ARUNDO, ancient writing implement, United States, XXIII. 787. ARTHUS DE BRETAGNE, romance of, XX. 648.

ARUSHA (Eros), in Vedic mythology, VIII. 527.

Africa, XXIV. 764.

the Congo,

ARVAL BROTHERS, priesthood, ancient Rome, II. 671.

ARTIBEUS PLANIROSTRIS, species of bat, ARUWIMI, affluent of
XXIV. 52.
ARTICHOKE, vegetable, II. 653; XII.
278.

Jerusalem, vegetable, I. 369; XII.

283. ARTICLES, The Thirty-Nine, of the Church of England, II. 653; VIII. 338, 377, 379.

OF WAR, English, VI. 517; XVI. 296. ARTICULATA, division of animals, II. 654, 271; VI. 633; XIII. 141. ARTICULATION, or Joint, in anatomy, I. 832.

of sounds, in teaching deaf-mutes, VII. 8; loss of the function in aphasia, II. 171.

ARVE, river, France and Switzerland, 11. 672; XX. 527; XXI. 332. ARVICOLA, genus of rodent mammals,

XV. 419; XXIV. 277. ARWADH, Syriac writer, XXII. 828. ARYABHATA, Indian astronomer, I. 517; XXIII. 561.

ARYAN LANGUAGES, II. 672; XVIII. 771, 778, 781; in Europe, VIII. 699, forms of grammar in, XI. 39. ARYAN RACES, II. 674, 697, 698; in India, XII. 779; native home of, XVIII. 102; their cosmogony, 447; early worship, IV. 202.

VI.

ARYBALLUS, ancient Greek vase, XIX. 614.

Arzamas, town, Russia, II. 632; XVII. 501.

ASCHERSLEBEN, town, Prussia, II. 679; | Asher, Rabbenu (Rosh), German rabbi,
XXI. 360.
XX. 852.

ASCHMEDAI (Asmodeus, q.v.), evil demon, ASHERA, or Asherah (“grove"), Canaan-
in Jewish legend, II. 714.
itish goddess or symbol, III. 175; XVIII.
803.

ARZANENE, ancient district, Asia, XIV. ASCIDIA, genus of Tunicata, early stages

159.

ARZEN-REDHWAN, affluent of the Tigris, XXIII. 387.

As, ancient Roman coin and weight, II. 675; XVII. 652.

ASADI, Ali b. Ahmad al, Persian writer,

XVIII. 656.

ASAFI, town, Morocco, XXI. 145.

of, XXIII. 613; XXIV. 170; development of, XXIII. 610, 613.

ASCIDIACEA, order of Tunicata, XXIII. 616.

ASCIDIANS, Simple and Compound, XXIII. 609.

ASHFORD, town, England, 11. 682. ASHIK PASHA, Ottoman poet, XXIII. 656.

ASHKENAZIM, division of the Jews, XIII. 683.

ASHLAR, in building, II. 460; IV. 471.

ASCLEPIADES of Prusa, Greek physician, ASHLEY, Lord (first earl of Shaftesbury),

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ASAFŒTIDA, gum resin, II. 675; I. 232, ASCLEPIADS, descendants of Esculapius, ASHMOLEAN MUSEUM, Oxford, XVIII.

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ASAMA-YAMA, volcano, Japan, XIII. ASCLEPIUS, Greek god of medicine

571.

ASAMONÆUS, or Asmoneus, ancestor of
the Maccabees, II. 714; XV. 131.
ASANGA, Buddhist teacher, XIV. 228.
ASASEEF, or Asasif, Egypt, tombs at,
VII. 781.

ASBEN, oasis, Central Africa, I. 429;
XVII. 695; mountain, XXI. 149.
ASBESTOS, mineral, II. 675; XV. 217;
XVI. 417; as fire-proof paint, XIX. 88.
ASBJÖRNSEN, Peter Christen, Norwegian
writer on folk-lore, XVII. 592.
ASBURY, Francis, American Methodist,
XVI. 191.

(the Roman Esculapius), XV. 799; worship of, at Pergamum, XVIII. 527. ASCOLI, town, Italy, II. 679.

95.

ASHREF, town, Persia, VIII. 543. ASHTARKHANIDES, dynasty, Bokhara, IV. 3.

ASHTAROTH, plural of Ashtoreth, III. 176.

ASHTON, John, English Lollard, XIV.

811.

Girolamo de (Pope Nicholas IV.),
XVII. 484.
ASCOMYCETES, order of Fungi, IX. 833;
XIV. 552, 556; XXIV. 127; reproduc- ASHTON-UNDER-LYNE, town, England,
tion of, XX. 426.
II. 682.

ASCON, type of sponges, XXII. 413. ASCONIUS PEDIANUS, Quintus, Roman writer, II. 679.

ASCOPODARIA, genus of Polyzoa, XIX. 438.

ASCOT RACES, England, XII. 202.

PARK, town, New Jersey, U.S.A., ASCUE, Anne, English martyr, II. 713. XVII. 397.

ASBUZI, town, Asia Minor, XV. 320. ASCALON, town of the Philistines, II. 676; XVIII. 755.

ASCULUM PICENUM (Ascoli), ancient Roman city, II. 679.

ASCUTNEY, mountain, Vermont, U.S.A., XXIII. 792.

ASCANIAN LINE, rulers of Brandenburg, ASELLI, or Asellius, Gasparo, Italian

XX. 2.

ASCANIUS, son of Æneas, 1. 182. ASCARIS, genus of nematode worms, XVII. 325; parasitic forms, XXIV. 205, 206; spermatozoon of, XX. 411. ASCENSION, island, Atlantic Ocean, II. 676; I. 272.

physician, II. 679; I. 811. ASELLUS, genus of Crustacea, VI. 646. ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION, in animals, XX. 407; vegetable, XX. 424. ASGAR, plateau, Sahara, Africa, XXI. 149.

ASGARD, in Norse mythology, II. 679. -, Right, in astronomy, II. 765; VI. ASGILL, John, English writer, II. 680. ASH, tree, II. 680, 317; weeping, II. 320; in United States, XXIII. 808; strength of wood, XXII. 603.

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ASHTORETH, or Astarte (q.v.), Phoenician goddess, II. 735; III. 176; XVIII. 756; festival of, at Aphaca, XIX. 91. ASHWANIPI, river, Labrador, XIV. 175. ASH-WEDNESDAY, II. 680.

ASIA, II. 683 (index, 702); coalfields of, VI. 58; distribution of fauna ɔf, VII. 269, 271; distribution of flora, VII. 287; forests, IX. 404; gold, X. 743; languages, XVIII. 779; dictionaries of languages, VII. 192; in Ptolemy's geography, XX. 95.

Central, explorations in, X. 194; XXIII. 338.

MINOR, II. 703 (index, 713), 656; coins of, XVII. 644; conquest of, by Alexander, 1. 481; effects of Macedonian conquest on, XV. 143; under the Seljuks, XXI. 636; modern Turkish provinces of, XXIII. 653.

ASIATIC TURKEY, XXIII. 653. ASIDEANS (Assideans), Jewish party, II. 729; XIII. 421, 422.

product of combustion, VI. 47; ASIDO (Jerez or Medina Sidonia), ancient XIX. 49; volcanic, X. 242.

ASCENSIUS (Badius), Belgian printer, III. ASHA, Arabic poet, XVI. 537.

228.
ASCETICISM, II. 676; XV. 484; Brah-
manist, IV. 205; Buddhist, IV. 435; of
the Essenes, VIII. 550; of Schopenhauer,
XXI. 452; in relation to mysticism,
XVII. 131.

ASCETICS, Early Christian, XVI. 699.
ASCETIC WRITERS, of Italy, XIII. 505.
ASCETTA PRIMORDIALIS, sponge, XXII.
412.

ASCH, town, Bohemia, II. 677.
ASCHAFFENBURG, town, Bavaria, II.
677.

ASCHAM, Roger, English scholar, II.
677.

ASCHE, Rabbi (Rab Ashe), editor of
Talmud, II. 679; XX. 190; XXIII. 37.

ASHANTEE, country, West Africa, II.
681; 1. 269; forests of, IX. 408.
ASHARISM, philosophic theology of Islam,
XVI. 593.
ASHBURTON, town, England, 11. 682.

Lord, English lawyer, VII. 544.
ASHBY CASTLE, Northampton, England,
XVII. 557.
ASHBY-DE-LA-ZOUCH, town, England,
II. 682.

ASHDOD (Azotus), town, Palestine, III. 172; XVIII. 755; language of, XXI. 645.

ASHE (Asche), Rabbi, editor of Talmud,
II. 679; XX. 190; XXIII. 37.
A-SHE-HOH (Ajeho), town, Manchuria,
I. 433; XV. 466.

Roman town, Spain, XIII. 629; XV. 819. ASIENTO, clause in treaty of Utrecht (1713), XXIII. 734.

D'AMBATO, town, Ecuador, 1. 659.
ASIO, genus of birds, XVIII. 90.
ASIOOT (Siut, Asyoot), town, Upper
Egypt, XXII. 103; VII. 775.
ASISIUM (Assisi), ancient town, Italy,
II. 729.

ASKABAD, town, Transcaspian Region,
Russia, XVI. 42; XXIII. 512.
ASKELON (Ascalon), town of the
Philistines, II. 676; XVIII. 755.
ASKEW, Anne, English martyr, II. 713.
ASKI SHAHR (Kashgar), town, East
Turkestan, XIV. 7; XXIII. 639.
ASMAI, or Asmayi, Arabic writer, II. 713.
ASMODEUS, evil demon, in Jewish
legend, II. 714; VII. 64; XXIII. 428.

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