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HURTADO, Luis, Spanish poet, XX. 656.
HURUL, Chronicle of, Roumania, XXI. 16.
HUS, or Huss (q.v.), John, XII. 404.
HUSAIN, shah of Persia, XVIII. 639.

MIRZA, shah of Persia, XVIII. 632.
HUSBAND AND WIFE, Law relating to,
XII. 400; XV. 565; divorce of, VII. 300;
XXIV. 637; as witnesses, XXIV. 624.
HUSBANDMEN, XIV. 166.

HUSBANDRY, Book of, Fitzherbert's, 1. 295.

HUSCH, town, Moldavia, XII. 402.

HUSEIN, or Hosain (q.v.), hero of a Moslem passion play, XI. 508; XVIII. 660.

HUSEYN PASHA, Turkish vizier, XXIII. 646.

| HUY, town, Belgium, XII. 415.
HUYGENS, Christiaan, Dutch mathe-
matician and physicist, XII. 415; his
air-pump improvements, XIX. 246; as
astronomer, II. 755; his controversy
with Hooke, XII. 149; on the law of
magnetic action, XV. 236; his micro-
meter, XVI. 242; his telescopes, XXIII.
136; on the undulatory theory of light,
XIV. 604, 610; on the plurality of
worlds, II. 740.

,

Sir Constantijn, Dutch poet and
diplomatist, XII. 417, 95.

HUYSMANN ROELOF (Agricola), scholar,
I. 290.

HUYSMANS, family of Flemish painters,
XII. 417.

418.

HUZARA, district, India, XI. 546; XX.
109.

HUZAYA, Joseph, Syriac writer, XXII.
836.

HUSHIARPUR, district, India, XII. 402; HUYSUM, Jan van, Dutch painter, XII.
XX. 109; town, XII. 403.
HUSI (Husch), town, Moldavia, XII. 402.
HUSKISSON, William, English statesman
and financier, XII. 403.
HUSS, or Hus, John, Bohemian Reformer,
XII. 404; XX. 322; his association
with Jerome of Prague, XIII. 631.
HUSSARS, cavalry, V. 262.
HUSSEIN BOUSHREVIEH, Persian Bab-
ist, III. 180.

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HVALÖER, islands, Norway, XVII. 576.
HWANG-HO, or Hoang-ho, river, China,
v. 630; XVIII. 117; XXIII. 339.
HWEN T'SANG, Chinese traveller and
writer, XII. 418; XVIII. 101; in India,
XII. 785.

HWICCAS, ancient tribe, England, XXIV.
666.

HYACINTH, garden plant, XII. 419, 256.
—, precious stone, XIII. 532.
HYACINTHE, Father (Hyacinthe Loy-
son), theologian, XVII. 754.

René Théophile, French physician,
XV. 816.
HYACINTHIA, festival, at Sparta, 11.
186.

HYACINTHUS, of Greek mythology, XII.
420; II. 186.

HYADES, in mythology, XII. 420.
HYÆNA, carnivorous mammal, XII.

420; XV. 437.

HYÆNODON, fossil carnivorous mam-
mal, XV. 442.

HYALIN ECIA TUBICOLA, species of
Annelida, II. 67.

HYALITE, mineral, XVI. 390.

HUT DWELLINGS, Cornwall, England, HYALOPHANE, mineral, XVI. 420.

VI. 427.

HUTIA, rat-like animal, Cuba, VI. 680.
HUTTEN, Ulrich von, German humanist,
XII. 412; X. 498, 528; his visit to
Rome, XX. 325.
HUTTON, Charles, English mathema-
tician, XII. 414; on the invention of
logarithms, XVII. 181; his mathe-
matical tables, XXIII. II.

James, geologist, XII. 414. HUXHAM, John, English physician, XV. 815.

HUXLEY, Thomas Henry, on birds, XVIII. 34; his types of mankind, II. 113; on natural selection, XXIV. 79; on the classification of reptiles, XX. 437; his zoological classification, XXIV. 809.

HYALOSIDERITE, mineral, XVI. 410.
HYAMIA, town, Messenia, Greece, XVI.
53.

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PARK, London, XIV. 824.

HYDER, or Haidar, Sheikh, ruler of
Persia, XVIII. 634.

HYDERABAD, territory, Central India,
XII. 428; town, XII. 429.

district, Sind, India, XII. 429; town, XII. 430.

HYDER ALI, Mohammedan leader in
India, XII. 427, 803; XVII. 124.
HYDRA, island and town, Greece, XII.
430.

-, genus of Hydrozoa, XII. 547. HYDRACHNIDES, family of Arachnida, II. 276.

HYDRACRYLIC ACID, XIV. 197.
HYDRADEPHAGA, group of beetles, VI.

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HYBERNATION, or Hibernation (q.v.), HYDROCYANIC ACID, XX. 22; from the

XI. 787.

HYBLA, ancient towns, Sicily, XII. 421.
HYBRID ANIMALS, XII. 425.
HYBRIDISM, XII. 422.

HYBRID PLANTS, XII. 216, 423.
HYDAH, people, North America, XII.
826.

HYDASPES (Jhelum), river, India, XIV.
10; reached by Alexander, 1. 484.
HYDE, town, England, XII. 426.

Anne, wife of James, duke of York
(James II. of England), v. 806; XIII.
559.

cherry laurel, XIV. 348; as poison, XIX. 278. HYDRODYNAMICS, XII. 435, 445; XIX. 241; place of, among the sciences, XIX. 2; D. Bernoulli's work on, III. 606; Pascal's discoveries in, XVIII. 338. HYDRODYNAMOMETER, for measuring velocity of liquids, XII. 508. HYDROGEN, chemical element, XII. 433; V. 478; used for balloons, 1. 188; determination of, v. 544; in iron, XIII. 284; peroxide of, discovered by Thénard, XXIII. 252; as plant food,

lichens, XIV. 554.

HYPODERMA, in vegetable histology,

XII. 18.

XIX. 48; spectrum of, XXII. 375; | HYMENIUM, in reproductive system of | HYPOCHONDRIASIS, disease, XII. 598.
thermometric properties of, XI. 574.
HYDROGENS, Phosphuretted, XVIII. 817.
HYDROGRAPHic Department, of the
British Admiralty, XVII. 262.
HYDROKINETER, for steam boilers, XXII.

500.

HYDROMAGNESITE, mineral, XVI. 399. HYDROMECHANICS, Science of, XII.

435.

HYDROMEDUSÆ, subclass of Hydrozoa, XII. 559.

HYDROMEL, fermented drink from

honey, XII. 137. HYDROMETER, for determining densities, XII. 536.

HYDROPARASTATÆ, or Aquarians, early Christian sect, II. 217.

HYDROPATHY, system of medical treatment, XII. 542; III. 438, 440. HYDROPHANE, mineral, XVI. 390. HYDROPHIDÆ, family of snakes, XXII.

193, 197.

HYDROPHITE, mineral, XVI. 415. HYDROPHOBIA, disease, XII. 545; XX. 199.

HYDROPHYTA, order of plants, I. 507. HYDRORHACHIS, bodily deformity, XVI. 763.

HYDROSTATIC PARADOX, as basis for

perpetual motion, XVIII. 554. HYDROSTATICS, XII. 435, 440; place of, among the sciences, XIX. 2; figure of the earth as a problem in, VII. 600.

HYDROTALCITE, mineral, XVI. 388. HYDROTROPISM, in plants, XIX. 60. HYDROXIDES, in chemistry, V. 485. HYDROZINCITE, mineral, XVI. 399. HYDROZOA, division of animal kingdom, XII. 547.

HYDRUNTUM, or Hydrus (Otranto), ancient Greek town, Italy, XVIII. 68. HYÈRES, town, France, XII. 565; population, XXIV. 69.

HYETOMETER, rain gauge, XX. 256. HYETOMETROGRAPH, Hermann's, XX.

257.

HYGIENE, XII. 566; naval, XVII. 297. HYGINUS, Caius Julius, Roman author,

XII. 569.

HYMENOMYCETES, suborder of Fungi, IX. 832; XXIV. 127; as parasites, XVIII. 267. HYMENOPTERA, order of insects, XII. 571; II. 94; XIII. 148. HYMETTUS, mountain, Greece, III. 58; honey of, XII. 138.

HYMNS, XII. 577; musical history of, XVII. 85; Assyrian, III. 191.

HY NEILL, early Irish dynasty, XIII. 250.

HYOID BONE, Anatomy of the, I. 825.

HYOSCYAMINE, vegetable alkaloid, XI. 651.

HYOSCYAMUS, genus of plants, XI. 650; XVII. 231.

HYPÆTHROS, in architecture, II. 466. HYPATIA of Alexandria, Pagan martyr, XII. 596; XVII. 337; her scientific treatises, I. 511; her death attributed to Cyril, VI. 751.

C. Kingsley's novel, XIV. 89. HYPERÆMIA, disease, XIII. 100. HYPERBOLA, in geometry, VI. 278; X. 398; mensuration of, XVI. 20. HYPERBOLIC ANTILOGARITHMS, Tables of, XXIII. 14.

HYPERBOLIC LOGARITHMS, Tables of,

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GROMATICUS, writer on surveying, HYPERSTHENE, mineral, XVI. 415.

XII. 569.

HYGROMETER, Amonton's, I. 746;
Deluc's, VII. 54; Saussure's, VII. 54;
XXI. 324.
HYGROMETRY, measurement of humi-
dity, XII. 569; of atmosphere, III. 32.
HYGROPHILITE, mineral, XVI. 425.
HYKSOS, shepherd kings, Egypt, VII.
735.

HYLACTES, genus of birds, XXIII. 49.
HYLOBATES, genus of apes, II. 150.
HYLOZOISM, Stoic doctrine of, XXII.
563.

HYMEN, in Greek legend, XII. 571. HYMENÆUS, in Greek legend, XII. 571.

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HYPODERMIÆ, order of Fungi, IX. 831.

HYPOGENE ACTION, in geology, X.

240. HYPOGEOMYS, genus of rodent mammals, XVII. 6.

HYPOGEUSIA, disease, XXIII. 80. HYPOLAIS, genus of birds, XXIV. 553. HYPOMESUS, genus of fishes, XXI. 221,

224.

early

HYPONITROUS ACID, v. 514. HYPOSTASIANISM, dogma, XVI. 719.

Christian

HYPOSTILBITE, mineral, XVI. 422. HYPOTHEC, in law, XII. 598; xx. 403; its effects on agriculture, I. 407. HYPOTHECIUM, in reproductive system of lichens, XIV. 554.

HYPOTRICHA, order of Protozoa, XIX. 863.

HYPOTYPOSES, Clement of Alexandria's work, V. 820.

HYPOXANTHITE, mineral, XVI. 425. HYPOZOA, or Protozoa (q.v.), Skeletal structures of, XXII. 106.

HYPSILANTES, or Hypsilanti, Alexander, modern Greek leader, XI. 125; XXIII. 649.

HYPSIPRYMNODON, genus of marsupial mammals, XIII. 841.

HYPSIPRYMNUS, genus of marsupial mammals, XIII. 840.

HYPSIPYLE, of Greek legend, XIV. 437.

HYPSOMETER, boiling-point thermometer, XXIII. 292.

HYPSOMETRY, determinations of height,
in surveying, XXII. 713.
HYRACODON, extinct ungulate mammal,
XV. 428; XX. 523.

HYRACOIDEA, suborder of ungulate mammals, XV. 422.

HYRAX, genus of ungulate mammals, XII. 598; XV. 423.

HYRCANIA, province, Western Asia, XII. 599; XVIII. 586, 588, 592, 603. HYRCANUS, John, I.-II., Jewish high priests, XII. 599; XIII. 423.

HYSMINE AND HYSMINIAS, Greek romance, XX. 636.

HYSON, variety of tea, XXIII. 99. HYSSOP, plant, XII. 599, 289. HYSTERECTOMY, in surgery, XXII. 691.

HYSTERIA, disease, XII. 600; XIII. IOI, 108.

HYSTERO-EPILEPSY, disease, XII. 601. HYSTRICOMORPHA, HYSTRICIDÆ, section and family of rodent mammals,

XV. 420.

HYSTRIX, genus of rodent mammals,
XII. 416; XIX. 518.
HYTHE, town, England, XII. 601; XIV.
39; school of musketry at, II. 586.

I,

the ninth letter of the alphabet, XII. 602.

IBN JUNIS (Ibn Yunus), Arabian astronomer, II. 751.

IALYSUS, hero of Rhodes, Protogenes's IBN JUZAI, Mohammed, editor of Ibn picture of, XIX. 828.

-, town, Rhodes, XX. 526.

IAMBIC VERSE, Greek, XI. 139.

IAMBLICHUS, Syrian Neoplatonist, XII.

602; XVII. 337.

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Greek novelist, XX. 634.

IAPYGIAN LANGUAGE, XIV. 327. IAPYGIANS, early Italian race, XIII. 443. IASITHEUS (Raphael Fabretti), Italian antiquary, VIII. 840.

IATRO-PHYSICAL SCHOOLS, of medicine, xv. 810.

IAVOHAIKA, mountain, Madagascar, XV. 168.

IBADAN, town, West Africa, XII. 604;
XXIV. 754.

IBARRA, town, Ecuador, XII. 604.
IBAS, Syriac writer, XXII. 829.
IBERIA, ancient Spain, XXII. 304.
IBERIANS, race of people, Spain, XII.
604; IX. 527.

IBERUS (Ebro), river, Spain, VII. 619. IBEX, ungulate mammal, XII. 605; 1. 633; XV. 432.

IBIRIPITANGA, Brazil wood, IV. 226.
IBIS, bird, XII. 606.

IBN ABDALHAKAM,

XXIII. 3, 5.

Arab

historian,

IBN ABDALLAH, founder of the Almohades, I. 593.

IBN ABD RABBIHI, Arab historical
writer, XXIII. 4.

IBN ABI AMIR (Almanzor), sovereign of
Cordova, XV. 500; XXII. 314.

IBN ABI OSAIBIYA, XVI. 596; XXIII. 5.
IBN ADHARI, Arab historian, XXIII. 5.
IBN AL-ARABI, Arab philologist and
historian, XXIII. 3.

IBN AL-ASHATH, pretender to the cali-
phate, XVI. 572.

IBN AL-ATHIR, Arab historian, XXIII. 4.
IBN AL-JAUZI, Arab historical writer,
XXIII. 4.

IBN AL-WARDI, Arab historian, XXIII.
5.

IBN AMID (Elmacin), Egyptian historian,
VIII. 152; XXIII. 5.

IBN ARABSHAH, Arab historian, XXIII.
5.

IBN ASAKIR, Arab historian, XXIII. 4.
IBN BADJA (Avempace, q.v.), Spanish
Moslem philosopher, II. 269.
IBN BATUTA, Moorish traveller and
writer, XII. 607; X. 179.
IBN EZRA (Abenezra), I. 36.
IBN GEBIROL (Avicebron, q.v.), Jewish
mystic, III. 152.

IBN HABIB, Arab historian, XXIII. 3, 5.
IBN HAJAR, Arab writer, XXIII. 5.
IBN HISHAM, editor of Ibn Ishak, XXIII.

2.

Batuta's travels, XII. 608.

IBN KEMAL, Turkish writer, XXIII. 656. IBN KHALDOUN, Arab historian and poet, XII. 609; XXIII. 5.

church, VIII. 491; geysers, X. 557; language, XII. 627; XXI. 368; libraries, XIV. 549; literature, XII. 621; vII. 649; XXII. 201; newspapers, XVII. 430; periodical literature, XVIII. 543. ICELANDIC LANGUAGE, XII. 627; XXI. 368; dictionaries of, VII. 186.

IBN KHALLIKAN, Arab writer, XII. 609; | ICELANDIC LITERATURE, XII. 621; VII. XXIII. 5.

IBN KHIDASH, Arab historian, XXIII. 3. IBN KHORDADHBEH, author of Arabic itinerary, XVI. 596.

IBN KOTAIBA, Arab historian, XVI. 596; XXIII. 3.

IBN MASUD, editor of the Koran, XVI. 605.

IBN MOKAFFA, translator of Kalilah and Dimnah, III. 666; XVIII. 134. IBN NISHATI, Urdu writer, XI. 848. IBN ROSHD (Averroes, q.v.), Arab philosopher and physician, III. 149.

IBN SAUD, Wahhabite prince of Arabia, XVII. 774.

IBN SHIHNA, Arab historian, XXIII. 5. IBN SINA (Avicenna, q.v.), Arab philosopher and physician, III. 152. IBN SJEDDAD (Bohaddin), Arabian writer and statesman, III. 859. IBN TOFAIL (Abubacer), Spanish Moslem philosopher, II. 269.

IBN WADIH, or Yakubi, Arab historian, XXIII. 3.

649; XXII. 201.

ICELAND MOSs, lichen, XII. 628; xiv. 560.

ICELAND SPAR, mineral, IV. 653; xv.

217; XVI. 397, 419; refraction of light
by, XIV. 609.

I-CHANG, town, China, XII. 628.
ICH DIEN, motto, its origin, VI. 557.
ICHNEUMON, carnivorous mammal, XII.
629; XV. 436.

ICHNEUMON-FLY, parasitic insect, XII.
629, 576.
ICHTHYOLOGY, XII. 630; palæontologi-
cal, Agassiz's researches in, I. 275.
ICHTHYOPTERYGIA,
order of fossil
reptiles, XX. 442.
ICHTHYOSAURUS, extinct reptile, XII.
695.

| ICHTHYOSIS, skin disease, XXII. 121.
ICILIUS, Karl G. G. von Quintus, his
magnetic experiments, XV. 254.
ICKNIELD STREET (Via Iceniana),
Roman road, England, VII. 372; Roman
remains on, XVIII. 94.

IBN ZOBAIR, Abdallah, pseudo-caliph, ICOD DE LOS VINOS, town, Canary XVI. 568, 570.

Islands, IV. 799.

IBN ZOHR (Avenzoar), Arab physician, ICOLMKILL (Iona), island, Scotland, III. 145; XV. 805.

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,

Turkish sultan, XXIII. 645. NIVAL, Seljuk ruler, XXI. 634. PASHA, viceroy of Egypt, XII. 610; VII. 764; XXIII. 650; his conquest of the Arabs, II. 261.

IBRAILA, town, Roumania, XII. 610. IBSEN, Henrik, Norwegian dramatist and poet, XVII. 591.

IBU (Ibo), district, West Africa, XII. 610.
IBYCUS, Greek poet, XII. 611.
ICA, town, Peru, XII. 611.
IÇA, river, South America, VI. 153.
ICARIA, genus of insects, XXIV. 392.
ICCIODURUM (Issoire), ancient town,
France, XIII. 432.

ICE, XII. 611; geological action of, X. 280, 281, 366; strength of, VII. 816; formation of, in Baltic Sea, III. 295; in Polar Regions, XIX. 328, 330; used for preserving provisions, IX. 244; XIX. 709.

XIII. 203.

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IDDAH, town, West Africa, XVII. 497. ICEBERG, XII. 614; in Polar Regions, IDEA, The World as Will and, SchoXIX. 328, 330.

IBN ISHAK, biographer of Mohammed, ICE-HOUSE, XII. 615.

XVI. 596; XXIII. 2.

IBN IYAS, Arab historian, XXIII. 5.

ICELAND, XII. 616; VII. 83; discovery of, XXIII. 328; birds of, XVIII. 17;

penhauer's work, XXI. 450. IDEALISM, Berkeley's, III. 591; Hegel's,

XI. 618; Kant's, XIII. 850; Schopenhauer's, XXI. 457; Spinoza's, v. 152.

1

IDEALITY, in phrenology, XVIII. 845. IDEALIZATION, in the fine arts, IX.

210.

IDEAS, Plato's doctrine of, XIV. 785; XIX. 205; Philo's, XVIII. 761; Xenocrates's, XXIV. 718.

Association of, II. 730; VII. 458; VIII. 607; XX. 60; Thomas Brown on, IV. 388; Hartley on, XI. 498.

Innate, XVI. 91; Descartes on, v. 146; Leibnitz on, XIV. 422; Locke on, XIV. 758.

IDEATION, in psychology, XX. 58, 69, 76. IDÉES NAPOLÉONIENNES, treatise by Louis Napoleon, XVII. 227. IDENSALMI, town, Finland, XXIV. 209. IDENTITY, Mental perception of, XX. 80; idea of, in metaphysic, xvi. 83; principle of, Condillac on the, VI. 250 IDEOGRAMS, or Ideographs, hieroglyphics, 1. 603; XIII. 114. IDEOLOGY, De Tracy's, XXIII. 497. IDERO (Hydra), island, Greece, XII. 430.

IDES, in Roman calendar, IV. 665.
IDIOCY, form of insanity, XIII. 97.
IDIOT BOY, The, Wordsworth's ballad,
XXIV. 670.

IDIOTS, Weights of brain of, 1. 880.
IDLE, town, England, XII. 698.
river, England, XVII. 598.
IDLER, The, by Johnson, XIII. 724.
IDOCRASE, mineral, XVI. 410.

XVIII. 627; XXIII. 661.

ILKESTON, town, England, XII. 703; XVII. 598.

IGNATIUS, patriarch of Constantinople, | ILIYATS, Turcoman tribes in Persia,
XVIII. 819; supported by Pope
Nicholas I., XVII. 483.
IGNEOUS ROCKS, in geology, X. 307.
IGNIS PATUUS, or Will-o'-the-Wisp,
XVIII. 813.
IGNORANTINES,

French

brotherhood, XII. 700.

ILKHANS, Mongol empire of the, XVI.

742.

religious ILKHANY, Tables of the, Mongol astro-
nomical work, X. 178.

IGOLOTES, or Igorrotes, race, Philippine ILL, river, Germany, XX. 519.
Islands, XVIII. 753.

IGOR, Russian chief, XXI. 87, 104.
IGORROTES, or Igolotes, race, Philip-|
pine Islands, XVIII. 753.
IGUALADA, town, Spain, XII. 700.
IGUANA, lizard, XII. 700; XIV. 735.
IGUANODON, fossil reptile, XII. 701;
XX. 442.

IGUVINE (or EUGUBINE) Tables, VIII.
663.

ILLAWARRA, lake, New South Wales, XVII. 408.

ILLE-ET-VILAINE, department, France, XII. 703.

ILLEGITIMACY, in law, III. 426; statistics of, III. 427.

ILLIGER, Johann K. W., on birds, XVIII. 14, 22.

ILLINOIS, State, U.S.A., XII. 703; population, XXIII. 802.

IGUVIUM (Gubbio), ancient town, Italy, ILLORICATA, division of Rotifera, XXI. XI. 243; XXIII. 724.

IHIBHA, or Denha, Syriac writer, XXII. 848.

IHRE, Johan, Swedish philologist, XI. 200; XXII. 755.

IKAN PRUT, fish, Java, XIII. 606.

| IKI, island, Japan, XIII. 569. IKIRUN, town, West Africa, XXIV. 754.

IKUVIO (Gubbio), ancient town, Italy, XI. 243.

ILA (New Kuldja), town, Central Asia, XIV. 154.

ILATS, or Iliyats, Turcoman tribes in Persia, XVIII. 627; XXIII. 661.

IDOLA, or Classes of Error, enumerated
by Bacon, III. 212.
IDOLATRY, XII. 698, 710; condemned ILCHESTER, town, England, XII. 702.
ÎLE-DE-FRANCE, district, France, XII.

in the Koran, XVI. 599. IDOMENEO, RE DI CRETA, opera by Mozart, XVII. IO.

IDRIA, town, Austria, XII. 699; quicksilver mines of, III. 120. IDRIALINE, mineral wax, XVIII. 113. IDRIALITE, mineral, XVI. 429. IDRISI (Edrisi), Arabian geographer, VII. 669; X. 177.

IDUMEA, district, south of Palestine, XII. 699.

IDUTWYA RESERVE, South Africa, XIII. 817.

IDYL, in literature, XVIII. 345. IERAPETRA, town, Crete, VI. 572. IFFLAND, August Wilhelm, German dramatist, XII. 699.

IFFLEY, Oxfordshire, England, Church at, XVIII. 94.

IGBO (Ibo), district, West Africa, XII. 610.

IGIDI, plateau, Sahara, Africa, XXI. 149. IGLAU, town, Moravia, XII. 700. IGLESIAS, town, Sardinia, XII. 700;

XXI. 309.

IGLO, town, Hungary, XII. 700. IGNATIUS, early Christian writer, II.

196; on the Gospels, X. 815, 822; his letters, XIX. 489; Cureton's edition of them, VI. 710; his relations with Polycarp, XIX. 414.

702.

8.

ILLUMINANTS, for lighthouses, XIV. 626.

ILLUMINATED BORDERS, of books, XXIII. 696.

ILLUMINATED MANUSCRIPTS, VI. 451; XII. 707.

ILLUMINATI, mystic sects, XII. 706. ILLUMINATION, by flame, IX. 282; intensity of, XIV. 582; of lighthouses, XIV. 618.

of written or printed texts, XII. 707; XVI. 437; XXIII. 682.

The, or Aufklärung, in Germany, XX. 289.

ILLUMINATOR, St Gregory, XI. 179. ILLUMINÉS, French mystic sect, XII 706.

ILERDA (Lerida), Roman town, Spain, ILLUNUM (Hellin), ancient town, Spain,
XIV. 470.
XI. 637.
ILLUSIONS, in magic, XV. 207; optical,
II. 205.

ILESHA, town, West Africa, XXIV. 754.

ILEX, genus of trees, XII. 101; XV. 627; XVII. 694.

ILFRACOMBE, town, England, XII. 702. ILHAVO, town, Portugal, XII. 702.

ILEUM, or Small Intestine, Anatomy of ILLUSTRATED NEWSPAPERS, XVII. 419. the, VII. 226; XVII. 668. ILLYRIA, or Illyricum, country, Eastern Europe, XII. 709; invasion of, by Rome, XX. 748; coins of, XVII. 641. ILLYRICUM, country, Eastern Europe, XII. 709. ILMEN, Lake, Russia, XVII. 606; XX. 35; XXI. 73. ILMENAU, town, Germany, XXI. 349. ILMENITE, mineral, XVI. 386; polarity of, XIX. 313.

ILI, river, Central Asia, XII. 702; XXI. 640.

ILIAD, Homeric poem, XI. 137; XII. 117;
Quintus Smyrnæus's continuation,
XX. 188; ancient MSS. of, XVIII. 146;
Earl Derby's translation of, VII. 112.
ILICI (Elche), ancient town, Spain, VII.
827.

ILIGH, town, Morocco, XVI. 834.
ILINIZA, mountain, Ecuador, VII. 645.
ILION, or Troy, ancient town, Asia
Minor, XXIII. 579.

ILIPULA (Loja), ancient town, Spain, XIV.

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ILOBU, town, West Africa, XXIV. 754. ILOILO, town, Philippine Islands, XVIII.

752.

ILOPANGO, lake, Central America, XXI. 268.

ILORI, or Ilorin, town, West Africa, XII. 710; XXIV. 754.

ILOVLA, river, Russia, XXI. 304.
ILTCHI, town, Turkestan, XXIII. 639.
ILURO (Oloron), ancient town, France,
XVII. 765.

ILZSTADT, suburb of Passau, Bavaria,
XVIII. 344.

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VIII. 501.

IMAGINATION, in psychology, XX. 57; in the fine arts, IX. 210; poetic, XIX. 263; productive, Kant on, XIII. 852; Gassendi's theory of, x. 106; Spinoza on, v. 153; Wordsworth's theory, XXIV. 672.

IMAGINES, work by Philostratus, XVIII. 797.

work by Varro, XXIV. 93. IMAGO, fully developed butterfly, IV. 594.

IMPASTING, in painting, XVIII. 138. IMPEACHMENT, in law, XII. 717; by English parliament, VIII. 319; of peers, XVIII. 313.

INCREMENT, The Unearned, in economics, XIV. 267.

INCUBATION, of birds, III. 775; variability of instinct illustrated from, XIII. 158.

INCUBUS, dream demon, vII. 62.

IMPENETRABILITY, Perception of, in INCUNABULA, early specimens of typo

psychology, XX. 56.

IMPENNES, group of birds, XVIII. 45. IMPERATOR, Roman title, III. 80; VIII. 179; XX. 769.

graphy, 111. 653.

INDEMNITY, Acts of, XVIII. 272. INDEPENDENCY, Milton's relation to, XVI. 330.

IMPERFORATA, subclass of Protozoa, INDEPENDENTS, religious denomination,

XIX. 845.

IMPERIAL, Francisco, Spanish poet, XXII. 355.

CITIES, of Germany, IX. 747. IMPETIGO, skin disease, XXII. 123. IMPLEMENTS, of husbandry, I. 311.

IMAM, Mohammedan priest, XII. 714; IMPORTS, National, Table of, per head,
XVI. 592; XIX. 730; XXII. 662.

IMAMBA, snake, in Natal, XVII. 241. IMANDRA, lake, Russian Lapland, XIV. 305.

XVII. 247; taxes on, XXIII. 89. IMPOST, in architecture, II. 466. IMPOTENCE, in man, XV. 778; XXI. 576. IMPREGNATION, of ovum, XX. 417.

on, XII. 352.

IMAUS, Northern, of Ptolemy, Pamir IMPRESSIONS, Mental, XX. 57; Hume
plateau, XVIII. 102.
IMBABURA, mountain, Ecuador, VII. 644.
IMBECILITY, modification of idiocy, XIII.
97.

IMBRA, deity of Afghan Kafirs, XIII. 822. IMBROS, island, Ægean Sea, XII. 714. IMERINA, district, Madagascar, xv. 168. IMERITIA, district, Transcaucasia, Russia, XII. 715; XXIII. 513.

IMPRESSMENT, of English labourers, XIV. 167; for the navy, XVII. 295; XXI. 605.

IMPRISONMENT, XIX. 747.

IMPROVEMENTS OF LAND, Law relating to, XIV. 275, 277.

IMVRO (Imbros), island, Egean Sea, XII.

714.

IMERITIANS, race of people, Caucasus, INACCESSIBLE ISLAND, South Atlantic,

V. 257.

IMHOTEP, Egyptian divinity, VII. 718.
IMITATIO CHRISTI, the question of its
authorship, XIV. 32.
IMITATION, in fine art, IX. 202.

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a basis of language, XVIII. 767. IMITATIVENESS, in phrenology, XVIII. 845. IMLAY, Captain Gilbert, his relations with Mary Wollstonecraft, X. 716. IMMA, wife of Eginhard, vII. 698. IMMACULATE CONCEPTION OF B. V. MARY, Roman Catholic dogma, XII. 715; XV. 590; XVII. 754; at the council of Trent, XXIII. 546; declaration of, as article of faith, XIX. 159; Duns Scotus's defence of, VII. 545. IMMANES, order of birds, XVIII. 44. IMMERMANN, Karl Leberecht, German dramatist, XII. 716; X. 543. IMMERSIONS, Long, by swimmers, XXII. 771.

IMMIGRATION, at New York, XVII. 460.

IMMORTALITY of the Soul, VIII. 535; Aristotle on, II. 522; Butler on, IV. 584; Plato on, XIX. 199; Augustine's work on, III. 77.

IMMORTELLE, plant, XII. 716.
IMMRAMS, class of Irish legends, v. 310.
IMMUNITIES, Ecclesiastical, Church of

Rome, xx. 630.

IMMUNITY, in law, XIX. 764.

XXIII. 576.

INARA, lake, Russian Lapland, XIV. 305. INARIME (Ischia), island, Italy, XIII. 385. INARUS, Egyptian prince, XVIII. 574. INCAMMINATI, Italian academy of painting, V. 81.

INCANDESCENCE, as a source of light, XIV. 579.

INCANDESCENT ELECTRIC LAMP, XIV. 632.

INCANTATIONS, Magical, XV. 199; VII. 63. INCA REMAINS, Ecuador, VII. 648. INCARNATION, Doctrine of the, XIII. 670; Athanasius on, II. 828; Nestorius on, XVII. 356; Theodore on, XXIII. 255. INCAS, or Yncas, Empire of the, Peru, 1. 697, 698; IV. 17; XVIII. 677. INCENSE, burnt perfume, XII. 718; IX. 709.

CUPS, so-called, XIX. 602.
INCEST, XII. 722.
INCHBALD, Elizabeth, English drama-
tist, XII. 722.

INCIDENCE OF TAXATION, XXIII. 87.
INCIDENT, The, in Scottish history
(1641), XXI. 513.
INCLOSURE

XIV. 266.

COMMISSION, England,

INCLOSURE OF COMMONS, VI. 210.
INCOME, National, XVII. 247.

TAX, XXIII. 88; Pitt's, IX. 187. INCOPRESENTABILITY, in psychology, XX. 46.

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INDIA, country, Asia, XII. 731 (index, 812); II. 685; antiquity and persistency of its civilization, II. 700; under Clive, VI. 9; under the marquis of Dalhousie, VI. 777; English measures for, VIII. 342, 356, 359, 367; Fox's policy for (1783), XIX. 139; invasion of, by Alexander, XII. 786; XVIII. 583; by Darius I., XVIII. 569; by Nadir Shah, XVIII. 642; by Timur, XXIII. 399; Mahrattas in, xv. 288; as a Parthian satrapy, XVIII. 586, 592; Sikh war (1846), XIV. 371; Wellesley's policy in, XXIV. 492; Wellington's operations in, XXIV. 494; architecture of, II. 394; army, II. 589; ancient astronomy, II. 746; XXI. 294; birds, III. 761; XVIII. 16; carpet manufacture, V. 129; caste, v. 187; coalfields, VI. 58; coins, XVII. 660; cotton supply and manufacture, VI. 483, 487; debt, XVII. 247; diamond mines, VII. 164; freshwater fishes, XII. 671; forests, IX. 404; glassmaking, X. 651; infanticide in, XIII. 3; irrigation works, XIII. 369; jute culture, XIII. 800; land laws and customs, XIV. 262; languages, XVIII. 784; libraries, XIV. 533, 549; mines, XVI. 469; Christian missions, XVI. 513, 517; Jesuit missions, XIII. 651; mosques, XVI. 866; mythology, XVII. 152; newspapers, XVII. 432; observatories, XVII. 716; official rank in, XIX. 667; opium cultivation, XVII. 789; pearl fisheries, XVIII. 447; periodical literature, XVIII. 539; pilgrimages, XIX. 92; plague in, XIX. 168; police system, XIX. 341; post office, XIX. 578; prison system, XIX. 757; railways, XX. 252; rainfall, XVI. 151; rajas, XX. 259; early religion, XXIV. 821; reptiles, XX. 467; routes to, affecting commerce, VI. 201; tea culture, XXIII.

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