HEROLD, Louis Joseph Ferdinand, | HERSENT, Louis, French painter, XI. 770. HERON, bird, XI.760; XVIII. 811; hawk- HERSFELD, town, Prussia, XI. 770. HESSIA, old country of Germany, XI. HESSIAN FLY, insect, XI. 781; VII. 256; HESSUS, Helius Eobanus, German HESTIA, Greek goddess (the Roman 299. HESUS, Druidic god, vII. 78. HERTS, or Hertford, county, England, HESYCHASTS, sect, Greek Church, XI. 782. HERTZ, Henrik, Danish poet, XI. 773; HESYCHIUS, Alexandrian grammarian, HEROPHILUS, Alexandrian physician, HERPESTES, genus of carnivorous mammals, XII. 629; XV. 436. XI. 773; XXI. 108. HERPETOLOGY, science dealing with HERVEY, Lord, English politician and HERREROS, Breton de los, Spanish HESEKIEL, George Louis, German dramatist, XXII. 361. HERRICK, Robert, English poet, XI. 763; XVIII. 347. HERRING, fish, XI. 764; XII. 694; fry | HERRNHUT, town, Saxony, seat of the HERSCHEL, Caroline Lucretia, astro- Sir Frederick William, astronomer, XI. 765; his discoveries, II. 758; his improvements of the micrometer, XVI. 243; on the nebular theory, XVII. 311; on radiation of heat, XX. 213; on the magnitude of stars, XVIII. 840; on sun-spots, II. 786; his improvements of the telescope, XXIII. 138, 145; his discovery of Uranus, II. 812; his observatory at Slough, England, XVII. 711. Sir John F. W., English astronomer, XI. 768; on the Orion nebulæ, II. 820; on stellar photometry, XVIII. 840; on sun-spots, II. 786. HERSCHELITE, mineral, XVI. 422. author, XI. 777. HESIOD, Greek poet, XI. 777, 138; his HESIONE SPLENDIDA, species of Anne- XI. 782. Byzantine church historian, XXII. 238. reviser of the Septuagint, XXI. 669. 20. HETERAUXESIS, unequal growth in HETEROCERA, group of insects, XIII. HETEROCLA, order of sponges, XXII. 422. HETEROMASTIGODA, order of Protozoa, HETEROMERA, group of insects, VI. HETEROMYA, order of Mollusca, XVI. HETEROPEGMA sponge, XXII. 413. NODUS GORDII, HETEROPHASIA, medical term, II. 171. HETEROPTERA, group of insects, XI. HETEROTRICHA, order of Protozoa, HETEROZITE, mineral, XVI. 405. HESIRI (Osiris), Egyptian deity, VII. HETTSTÄDT, town, Prussia, XI. 783. HEUNG-NOO, or Hiong-nu (q.v.), Turkish HEUSCH, Jacob de, Dutch painter, XI. Willem, Dutch painter, XI. 783. HESSE, old country of Germany, XI. 779. 40. HESSE-NASSAU, province, Prussia, XI. HEWSON, William, his anatomical dis- P HEXACORALLA, group of Actinozoa, I. 130. HEXACTINELLIDA, subclass of sponges, HEXAEMERON, The, Basil's work, XIX. 7. HEXAGONAL SYSTEM, of crystals, XVI. 358. HEXAGRAM, Mystic, Pascal's, XVIII. 338. HEXAPLA, Origen's work, III. 646; XVII. 840; XIX. 417. HEXAPOLIS, Lóric league, XX. 526. mammal, XXII. 772. HEXATEUCH, Pentateuch and Joshua, XVIII. 505. HEXHAM, town, England, XI. 784; xvii. 567, 568. HIDDEKEL, river of Scripture, XXIII. HIDE OF LAND, in early England, VIII. HIDES, for tanning, XIV. 380, 384. HIEMPSAL, Numidian prince, XIII. 766.| HIERACITES, ascetic sect, XI. 792. ancient town, Syria, XI. 791; HEYDEN, Jan van der, Dutch painter, HIERAX, Greek ascetic, XI. 792. XI. 784. HEYDUK, Adolf, Bohemian poet, XXII. 152. HEYDUKE, or Hajduk, district, Hungary, XI. 377. HIERO I., tyrant of Syracuse, XI. 793; II., of Syracuse, XI. 793; XXII. 21, HEYLIN, Peter, English writer, XI. 784;| HIEROCLES, Roman proconsul, XI. 793. HEYNE, Christian Gottlob, German critic and archæologist, XI. 785. HEYSE, Paul, German tale-writer, X. 545. HEYWOOD, town, England, XI. 786. -, Jasper, English dramatist, VII. 428. John, English epigrammatist, XI. 786; IX. 366; his interludes, VII. 415. -, Thomas, English dramatist, XI. 786; VII. 432. HEZAR AFSANE, Persian tales, XXIII. HEZEKIAH, king of Judah, XI. 787: HIAKUNINSHIU, Japanese poems, XIII. HIANG-KIANG (Hong-Kong), island and HIAWATHA, Longfellow's poem, 1. 731; HIBERNATION, of animals, XI. 787; of HICETAS, Carthaginian general, XXIII. 397. Neoplatonic writer, XI. 793. HIERON, or Hiero (q.v.), I., tyrant of II., of Syracuse, XI. 793; XXII. 21. HIERONYMUS (St Jerome, q.v.), XIII. 630. of Syracuse, XXII. 817. 476. HIGHLANDS, of Scotland, XXI. 522. HIGH PLACES, of Scripture, XI. 810; of Judah, XIII. 413; worship on, III. 635. HIGH PRIEST, Jewish, XVIII. 510; XXII. 812; breastplate of, X. 138. HIGHS, or Hayes, his claim to Arkwright's inventions, II. 542. HIGH STEWARD, of England, XXII. HIGH STREET, mountain, England, HIGH TREASON, Law of, XXIII. 527. HIGHWAYS, Law of, XI. 811; toll on, HIGH WYCOMBE, town, England, XXIV. 712. HIJAZ, or Hejaz (q.v.), district, Arabia, HIJRA, Hejira, or Hegira, Moslem era, HILARION, St, Palestinian ascetic, XI. St, bishop of Poitiers, XI. 812; as hymn-writer, XII. 581. or Hilarus, bishop of Rome, XI. 812. HILARY. See Hilarius. HILDA, St, abbess of Hartlepool and HILDEBERT, bishop of Tours, XI. 814. 391. Bruno, German economist, XIX. HILDEBRANDISM, VI. 241. HIERRO (Ferro, q.v.), island, Canaries, HILDEBRANDSLIED, old German poem, HICKS, Elias, founder of a Quaker sect, XI. 791; XX. 149. Miguel, Mexican leader, XVI. 219. RESIN, mineral, XVI. 428. XXIV. 651. AND AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY, Scotland, I. 305. German Theodor, German painter, XI. 815. HILDEGARD, German abbess and mystic, XI. 815; XVII. 132. HILDEN, town, Prussia, XI. 816. 676. Fabriz von, German surgeon, XXII. HILDERIC, Vandal king, XXIV. 59. 181. HILDRETH, Richard, American writer, HIGHLAND COSTUME, VI. 478; clan HILL, Viscount, English general, XI. HILL, Aaron, English poet and dramatist, | HINDU KUSH, mountains, Afghanistan, | HIPPOCRATES, tyrant of Gela, Sicily, XI. 817. Abigail, lady-in-waiting to Queen Anne, XV. 553, 555; XVIII. 100. John, English postal reformer, XIX. 564. , Joshua, Pitcairn Islander, XIX. 132. Matthew Davenport, English| criminal law reformer, XI. 817. 817. Rowland, English preacher, XI. Sir Rowland, originator of penny postal system, XI. 818; XIX. 567. Thomas, writer on physiognomy, XIX. 5. XI. 837; I. 227; II. 685; XVIII. 102; HINDU LAW CODES, XII. 782. HINDUR, hill state, India, XI. 840. HILLAH, town, Asiatic Turkey, XI. 819; HINDUSTANI LANGUAGE, XI. 840. HILLARD, George Stillman, American writer, XI. 819; I. 724. HILLEL, Jewish rabbi, XI. 819. HILL FEVER, of India, XV. 319. HILL TIPPERAH, state, India, XI. 820. William, English painter, XI. 820. HIMANTOPUS, genus of birds, XXII. 551. HIMATION, Greek article of dress, VI. 453. HIMERA, town, Sicily, XI. 836; XXII. 18; coins of, XVII. 639. HINDUSTANI LITERATURE, XI. 843. HINLOPEN STRAIT, Spitzbergen, XXII. HINNOM, Valley of, Jerusalem, XIII. | HINNY, variety of mule, XVII. 13. HINRICHS, Hermann F. W., German | XXII. 814. HIPPOCRENE, fountain, in Greek mytho- HIPPODAMIA, in Greek mythology, HIPPOGLOSSUS, genus of fishes, XII. 58. ecclesiastical writer, XI. 854; XXI. 127; on Basilides, III. 420; on magic, XV. 207. Euripides's play, VIII. 675. HIPPONAX of Ephesus, Greek poet, XI. 855; XXI. 318. HIPPONIUM (Monteleone), ancient town, HIPPOPOTAMUS, ungulate mammal, XI. HIPPO REGIUS (Bona), ancient town, HIPPO ZARYTUS (Bizerta), ancient town, HINTON, James, English surgeon and HIRA, old kingdom, Arabia, II. 255. XVIII. III. HIONG-NU, or Hiung-nu, ancient HIRING, in law, XII. 1. HIRMUS, in Greek hymnody, XII. 580. HIORLEIFSSON, Aaron, Icelandic chief, HIRPINI, ancient Italian tribes, XXI. XII. 625. HIOUEN THSANG, or Hwen T'sang 128, 248. HIRSCHAU, or Hirsau, village, Würtemberg, Germany, XII. 1. HIRSCHBERG, town, Prussia, XII. I. HIMMEL, Frederick Henry, German HIP-JOINT, Muscles of, in man, 1. 840; HIRTIUS, Aulus, friend of Cæsar, XII. 2. musical composer, XI. 836. HIMS, district of Syria, XXII. 823. HIND AND PANTHER, Dryden's poem, VII. 492. HINDHEAD HILL, Surrey, England, HINDI LANGUAGE, XI. 840; dictionaries HINDKIS, people, Afghanistan, I. 235. 577. HINDOL, state, India, XI. 837. HINDU ALGEBRA, I. 517. HINDU DRAMA, VII. 396. HINDUISM, XII. 779; XX. 360. anchylosis of, XXII. 686. HIPPARCHUS, Greek astronomer, XI. of Athens, patron of Anacreon, I. HIPPEL, Theodor Gottlieb von, German HIPPIA, epithet of Athena, Greek HIPPIAS of Elis, Greek sophist, XXII. HISSAR, district and town, India, XII. 2; XX. 109. state, Central Asia, XII. 2. HISSARLIK, Turkey in Asia, Trojan remains at, XXIII. 581. HISTIEUS, tyrant of Miletus, XI. 98; XVIII. 570. HISTIOPHORUS, genus of fishes, XXII. 804. HISTOGENETIC BODIES, in chemistry, I. 456. XXII. 854. HISTRIA (Istria), district, Austria, XIII. HISTORY OF THE UNITED NETHER- | HOBBEMA, Meyndert, Dutch painter, LANDS, Motley's, XVII. 3. XII. 30; XXI. 439. OF THE WORLD, by Bar Hebræus, HOBBES, Thomas, English philosopher, XII. 31; on mental association, II. 730; on economic science, XIX. 358; his ethics, VIII. 596; on evolution, VIII. 758; his influence on Spinoza, XXII. 401; Cumberland's opposition to his views, VI. 701; his place in English literature, VIII. 422. HOBBS'S LOCKS, XIV. 747. 433. HISTRIO-MASTIX, Prynne's work, VII. 434; XX. 25. HISTRIONIC ART, VII. 396, 391; IX. 209. HIT, town, Asiatic Turkey, XII. 24; VIII. 670; XVI. 48. HISTOIRE ECCLÉSIASTIQUE, Fleury's, HITA, Gines Perez de, Spanish writer, HOBBY, bird, IX. 3. HOBHOUSE, Sir John Cam (Lord Broughton), English statesman, IV. 381. HISTOLOGY, XII. 4; III. 681; XVI. 840; | HITCH, seaman's knot, XIV. 128; xxI. in relation to medicine, XV. 795; early 590. contributions to, XXIV. 816; Malpighi's HITCHCOCK, Edward, American geo- HOBOKEN, town, New Jersey, U.S.A., discoveries in, XV. 338; of sponges, logist, XII. 24. XXII. 418; vegetable, XII. 10. HISTONIUM (Vasto), ancient town, Italy, HITEREN, island, Norway, XVII. 576. XXIV. IIO. HISTORIA ANGLICA, by Polydore Virgil, XXIV. 255. HISTORIA BRITONUM, Geoffrey of Monmouth's, X. 172; Nennius's, XVII. 332. HISTORIE, of Tacitus, XXIII. 20. ADVERSUM PAGANOS, of Orosius, HISTORIA ECCLESIASTICA, of Bede, DOUBTS RELATIVE ΤΟ NAPOLEON BONAPARTE, Whately's work, XXIV. 529. HISTORY, XII. 19; by Arab writers, XXIII. 1; archæological, II. 334, 342; chronological table of principal events of, V. 720; church, V. 760; its teaching as to the development of culture, II. 121; early, V. 711; European, VIII. 713; in relation to evolution, VIII. 759; military, XXIV. 345; in relation to numismatics, XVII. 628; philosophy of, XVIII. 796; distinguished from prophecy, XXIV. 781; Roman literature of, XX. 719; Hallam's contributions to, XI. 393; Herodotus's, XI. 758; Livy's, XIV. 726; Polybius's, XIX. 412; Procopius's, XIX. 790; W. Robertson's, XX. 599; Sallust's, XXI. 219; Scaliger's, XXI. 363; Tacitus's, XXIII. 20; Thucydides's, XXIII. 325; William of Tyre's, XXIV. 584; Varro's, XXIV. 93; Vico's, XXIV. 212; Villani's, XXIV. 227; Villehardouin's, XXIV. 229; academies of, 1. 76; historical societies, XXII. 227. OF ENGLAND, Hume's, XII. 349; Macaulay's, XV. 128; Pauli's, XVIII. 433. OF EUROPE, Alison's, I. 577. OF THE HUMAN RACE, by Abulfeda, I. 61. HITCHIN, town, England, XII. 25. HITOPADESA, Hindu fables, III. 666; VIII. 837; XXI. 287. HITSHIRIKI, Japanese musical instrument, XVII. 705. HITTITE MONUMENTS, of Phrygia, XVIII. 849. HITTITES, of Scripture, XII. 25; XXII. 822; their supposed connexion with Lydia, XV. 99. HITTORFF, Jacques Ignace, French architect, XII. 27. HITTORF'S THEORY, in electrolysis, VIII. 113. HITZIG, Ferdinand, German Biblical critic, XII. 27. HIUNG-NU, ancient Turkish people, XVIII. 592; V. 644; XXIII. 659. HIVAOA, island, Marquesas, Pacific, XV. 564. HIVES, for bees, III. 499. HIWEN T'SANG (Hwen T'sang, q.v.), HJELMITE, mineral, XVI. 427. (Louis the Pious), emperor, IX. 533. HLOTEHILD, wife of Clovis, IX. 529. HLOTHAR (Lothair, q.v.), emperor, IX. 533; X. 480. or Lothair, king of the Franks, IX. 530. HOACTZIN, bird, XII. 28. HOADLY, Benjamin, bishop of Winchester, XII. 29. HOANG-HO, river, China, v. 630; XVIII. 117; in Tibet, XXIII. 339. XII. 40; XVII. 397. HOBSON'S BAY, Victoria, Australia, XV. 835. HOCHE, Lazare, French general, XII. 40; IX. 606, 608, 610; his expedition to Ireland, VIII. 362; his rivalry with Napoleon, XVII. 199. HOCHELAGA, Indian settlement, Montreal, Canada, XVI. 795. HOCHGOLLING, mountain, Styria, XII. 41. HODOGRAPH, geometrical construction, HODY, Humphrey, English divine, XII. HOE, agricultural implement, I. 321. HOEFER, Ferdinand, on alchemy, 1. 462. HOEY (Huy), town, Belgium, XII. 415. HOARE, Sir Richard Cobb, English HOF, town, Bavaria, XII. 43. antiquary, XII. 29. OF THE JEWISH CHURCH, by HOAR-FROST, XVI. 120. Stanley, XXII. 451. 325. OF JOHN BULL, by Arbuthnot, II. OF ROME, Arnold's, XX. 807; Niebuhr's, XVII. 492. HOFER, Andreas, Tyrolese patriot, XII. 44; XVII. 214; XXIII. 712. HOARSTONE, cromlech, Oxfordshire, HOFFMANN, August Heinrich, German England, XVIII. 94 HOATZIN, or Hoactzin, bird, XII. 28. HOBART TOWN (now Hobart), town, Tasmania, XII. 29; XXIII. 73. writer, XII. 44. Carl K., on reptiles, XX. 438. Charles F., American writer, 1. 725. HOFFMANN, Ernst Theodor Wilhelm, | HôJô, Japanese dynasty, XIII. 583. HOKCHIN (Fuh-Chow), town, China, IX. 812. HOKMAH, or Chokma (i.e., wisdom), in Hans, the Younger, German painter, XII. 54; XXI. 438; as draughtsman, VII. 449. HOLBERG, Baron Ludwig, Scandinavian writer, XII. 56; VII. 90, 444; XVII. 590. HOLCROFT, Thomas, English dramatist and writer, XII. 57. HOLDENBY MANOR HOUSE, Northampton, England, XVII. 557. HÖLDERLIN, Johann Christian Friedrich, German poet, XII. 58. HOLESCHAU, or Holesov, town, Moravia, Austria, XII. 58. HOLIBUT, or Halibut, fish, XII. 58, 692. HOLINSHED, Raphael, English chron- HOLME, Thomas, colonial surveyor of Philadelphia, XVIII. 740. Thomas Jefferson, friend of P. B. HOLKAR, Indian title, XII. 58, 804, 845; HOLMES, Oliver Wendell, American HOGG, James, Scottish poet, XII. 50. John, on birds, XVIII. 31. Shelley, XXI. 790. Africa, XXI. 149. icler, XII. 58. XV. 290. HOGGAR (Ahaggar), plateau, Sahara, HOLLAND, XII. 59; Alva's atrocities in, HOGGETS, sheep, their management, I. 395. HOGGING, in ships, XXI. 818. HOG NUT, XVII. 644. HOG PACKING TRADE, of Chicago, v. 611. HOG'S-BEAN, plant, XI. 650. X. 489, 492; IX. 731. Princes of, XII. 52; XX. 4; Prince Leopold nominated to Spanish throne, IX. 626. HOHLFLÖTE, organ pipe, XVII. 830. HOHLOH, mountain, Black Forest, Germany, XXIV. 700. HOI-HE, people, Turkestan, XXIII. 639. HOIJER, Benjamin, Swedish philosopher, XXII. 757. HOIRAN GÖL (Egerdir), lake, Asia Minor, II. 709. HOIST, lifting apparatus, XIV. 573; for blast furnaces. XIII. 301. author, I. 727, 728. I. 648; union with Belgium (1815), | HOLNEK, mountain, South Africa, III. 527; separation from Belgium. (1830), III. 528; war with France (1672), IX. 576; annexation of, to France (1810), XVII. 215; relations with Spain, XXII. 328, 332; struggle with Philip II. of Spain, XVIII. 744; under De Witt, VII. 145; under Farnese, IX. 37; under Don John of Austria, XIII. 718; under William of Orange, XXIV. 578; under William the Silent, XXIV. 582; academy of sciences, I. 73; army, II. 614; birds, XVIII. 17; canals, IV. 788; church, VIII. 492; Presbyterian Church, XIX. 696; coins, XVII. 656; colonies, VI. 159; colonization of Cape of Good Hope, v. 44; drama, VII. 443; fisheries, IX. 268; Jews in, XIII. 686; libraries, XIV. 531, 549; national debt, XVII. 246; navy, XVII. 300; newspapers, XVII. 430; observatories, XVII. 715; oyster culture, XVIII. 108; periodical literature, XVIII. 542; police system, XIX. 344; prison system, XIX. 761; railways, XX. 251; Reformation in, XX. 336; in Renaissance period, XX. 392; settlements in Indian Archipelago, XII. 818; trees, IX. 400; weights and measures, XXIV. 490. -, district, Lincolnshire, England, XVI. 655. North and South, provinces, Holland, XII. 98. First Lord (Henry Fox), IX. 494. HOLMIUM, Spectrum of, XXII. 377. HOLOCEPHALA, suborder of fishes, XII. 686. XXIII. 517. HOLOCHEILUS, genus of rodent mammals, XVII. 6. HOLOCHLAMYDA, suborder of Mollusca, XVI. 648. HOLOFERNES, slain by Judith, XIII. 765; perhaps the Orofernes of history, XVIII. 580. HOLOPHOTAL ILLUMINATION, of lighthouses, XIV. 621. HOLOSTOMIDE, family of trematode worms, XXIII. 539. HOLOTHURIDEA, order of Echinodermata, VII. 639. HOLOTRICHA, order of Protozoa, XIX. 863. HOLSTEIN, duchy, Germany, XXI. 415; its relations with Denmark, VII. 88. -, Schleswig-, province, Prussia, XXI. 414. HOLSTENBORG, district, Greenland, XI. 170. HOLT, Sir John, English lord chiefjustice, XII. 103. HOLTSTÄTEN, or Holstein (q.v.), XXI. 415. HÖLTY, Ludwig Heinrich Christoph, German poet, XII. 104. HOLTZENDORFF, Ernst K. H., German surgeon, XXII. 677. HOLTZMANN, Adolf, on the Nibelungenlied, XVII. 476. |