Oldalképek
PDF
ePub

The list of contributors, and the initials appended to the longer articles, are sufficient to show that the ninth edition of the Encyclopædia Britannica is no mere compilation, but the work of specialists writing from firsthand knowledge, to an extent that had not been attempted in previous works of the kind. But an Encyclopædia, however brilliant its list of contributors, must always owe much to the constant and stated labours of a resident staff, whose members give their whole time to the work, and to these gentlemen a special acknowledgment is due. The Rev. George M'Arthur read every sheet of the book down to 1883, after which date he had the assistance of Mr J. T. Bealby, but continued to take the chief and most responsible share in that minute revision which every line of such a work demands. The late Mr W. Browning Smith from 1873 to 1878, Prof. Adamson from 1874 to 1876, Mr H. A. Webster from 1874 to 1887, Mr F. H. Butler in 1876 and 1877, and Mr T. F. Henderson from 1877 to 1884 gave their daily service to the work of the Encyclopædia, writing regularly on their own subjects, and helping the editors in various other ways. From the year 1878 Mr J. Sutherland Black acted as assistant editor, and from 1883 to the close of the work he was chief of the resident staff. To his knowledge, zeal, and judgment the work owes more than can be here expressed. It ought to be added that the task of the editors has at all times been much facilitated by the excellent administration of the publishers, who, quite apart from the ability and liberality with which they have conducted the business part of the undertaking, have throughout taken the greatest interest in the literary work of the Encyclopædia, and have given to the editors the manifold assistance which can be derived from a practical knowledge of affairs.

W. ROBERTSON SMITH.

CHRIST'S COLLEGE, CAMBRIDGE,

February 18, 1889.

INDEX

[blocks in formation]

AACHEN (Aix-la-Chapelle, q.v.), town, ABANA, river, Syria, I. 4; VI. 790; XXII.
Germany, I. 431.

AAHMES, king of Egypt, VII. 736.
AALBORG, town, Denmark, 1. 2.
AALEN, town, Würtemberg, 1. 2.
AALST (Alost), town, Belgium, I. 597.
AALUM, or Alam, emperor of Delhi, vi.
12; XII. 802.

AAR, river, Switzerland, I. 2; XX. 519;
XXII. 776.

821.

ABANCAY, town, Peru, 1. 4.
ABANDONING, in law, I. 5.

ABANDONMENT, in marine assurance, I.
4; XIII. 186.

in law of railways, 1. 5.

ABBASINATION, kind of torture, VI 802.

ABBÉ, French title, I. 9.

ABBE, Prof. E., his researches on the
microscope, XVI. 264, 269, 274.
ABBEOKUTA (Abeokuta), town, West
Africa, I. 9; XXIV. 754.

ABBESS, I. 9; XVI. 706.

Abbeville, town, France, I. 10; XXII.
261.
ABBEY, I. 10.

ABANO, town, Italy, 1. 5; mineral water ABBIATE GRASSO, town, Italy, I. 22.
of, XVI. 434.
ABBON of Fleury, French writer, I. 22.
Pietro d', Italian philosopher, I. 5; ABBOT, I. 22; XVI. 700; in House of
on physiognomy, XIX. 4.
Lords, XVIII. 459, 463.

ABARIS, the Hyperborean, 1. 5; VII. 478.

AARAU, town, Switzerland, 1. 3; XXII.
778.
AARD-VARK, species of Edentata, 1. 3; ABASIA, district, Russia, 1. 50.
ABATED WORK, in architecture, II. 459.
AARD-WOLF, species of Carnivora, I. 3; | ABATEMENT, in law and commerce,
XV. 437.

XV. 389.

I. 5.

AARGAU, canton, Switzerland, 1. 3; ABATI, Niccolo, Italian painter, I. 5.

XXII. 778, 785, 794. AARHUUS, town, Denmark, I. 3. AARON, of Scripture, I. 3; XVIII. 510; family of, X. 143; Aaronite priesthood, XIV. 489.

BAR MADANI, Syriac writer, XXII. 853.

AARSSENS, Francis van, Dutch diplo-
matist, I. 4.

AASEN, Ivar, Norwegian philologist,
XVII. 592; XXI. 374.
ABABDE, African tribe, I. 4, 260; XVII.
611.

ABACA, plant, I. 4; XV. 488; culture of,
in Philippines, XVIII. 751.

ABACI, Liber, Leonardo of Pisa's work,
XIX. 125.

ABACO, islands, Bahamas, III. 236.

ABACUS, I. 4; XVII. 626.

ABADAVINE, bird, XXII. 99.

ABATTIS, in fortification, IX. 422.
ABATTOIR, I. 5.

ABAUZIT, Firmin, French writer, I. 7.
ABB, town, Arabia, I. 8.
ABBACOMITES, lay abbots, I. 24.
ABBADIE, James, Protestant divine, 1. 8.
ABBA JARED, mountain, Abyssinia, I.
250.

[ocr errors][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small]

ABBAS I., the Great, shah of Persia, 1. 8; ABDALLAH, Omayyad caliph in Spain,
XVIII. 637.

II., of Persia, XVIII. 638.
III., of Persia, XVIII. 640.
Persian poet, XVIII. 655.

, Theophilus, instructor of Justinian,
XXIII. 276.

MIRZA, prince of Persia, I. 8; XVIII.

648.
ABBASIDS, or Abbassides, caliphs of
Baghdad, I. 8; XVI. 578; II. 259; VII.
749; their coins, XVII. 660.

XXII. 312.

[merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][ocr errors][merged small]

ABD AL-RAHMAN I., emir of Cordova, | ABERCROMBIE, John, Scottish physician | ABIMELECH, of Scripture, I. 49; XIIL XVI. 578, 579; XXII. 310.

313.

II., emir of Cordova, XXII. 312.

III., caliph of Cordova, XXII.

and philosopher, 1. 36; xv. 817.
ABERCROMBY, David, Scottish physician
and philosopher, I. 36.

James, speaker of the House of
Commons, I. 37.

Patrick, Scottish writer, I. 37.
Sir Ralph, British general, I. 38.

ABD-EL-CAABA (Abu-Bekr), 1. 60.
ABD-EL-KADER, Algerian emir, I. 30,
567.
ABD-EL-WAHHAB, founder of the Wah- ABERDARE, town, Wales, I. 38.
habees, II. 260.

ABDERA, town, Thrace, I. 30; coins of,
XVII. 640.

-, town, ancient Spain, I. 30.
ABDERAME (Abd al-Rahman), emir of
Cordova, XXII. 310.
ABDICATION, with list, I. 30; of emperor
Charles V., V. 417.

ABDOMEN, I. 31, 835; VII. 223; surgery
of, XXII. 690; wounds of, XV. 781.
ABDOMINALES, subdivision of fishes, 1.
31.

401.

ABINGDON, town, England, 1. 49. ABIOGENESIS, in biology, I. 49; III. 688.

ABIPONES, Indian tribe, 1. 50; Dobriz-
hoffer's history of them, VII. 308.
ABJURATION, Oath of, 1. 581; XVII. 701.
ABKHASIA, district, Asiatic Russia, I.
50.

ABERDEEN, town, Scotland, I. 39; lib-
raries, XIV. 523, 542; newspapers,
XVII. 423; population, XXI. 528; uni-
versity, XXIII. 843, 854.
ABLATION, of glaciers, X. 627.
Fourth Earl of, 1. 46; English | ABLUTION, 1, 50.
premier, VIII. 366.

ABKHASIANS, race of Circassians, V.
257.

Old, town, Scotland, I. 43. ABERDEENSHIRE, Scotland, I. 43; area and population, XXI. 528; representation, XXIII. 727.

ABERDEVINE, bird, XXII. 99. ABERDOUR, village, Scotland, I. 46. ABDOMINALIA, division of Crustacea, VI. ABERFELDY, village, Scotland, I. 46.

666.

ABDUCTION, in law, I. 31; XIV. 69; XXIV. 642.

ABD-UL-AZIZ, Turkish sultan, XXIII. 651.

ABD-UL-HAMID, Turkish sultan, XXIII. 652.

ABERGAVENNY, town, Monmouthshire,
England, I. 46; XVI. 754; wood sculp-
ture in church, XXIV. 646.
ABERNETHY, town, Scotland, 1. 46; XVIII.
667; XX. 477.

John, Irish divine, I. 47.
John, English surgeon, I. 47.

ABD-UL-LATIF (Abdallatif), physician, ABERRATION, of light, I. 47; XIV. 584,

[merged small][merged small][ocr errors]

589; XVI. 259; XVIII. 246, 252; XXIV.
424, 435, 439; its discovery by
Bradley, II. 757; chromatic, XVI. 259;
XVII. 803; XXIII. 141; in the eye, VIII.
819; of lenses, XVII. 803; XXIII. 140.
ABERTEIFI (Cardigan), town, Wales, v.
95.
ABERYSTWITH, town, Wales, I. 48; Uni-
versity College at, XXIII. 856.
ABESHR, town, Wadai, Central Africa,
XXII. 279.

ABETTOR, in law, I. 83.

Karl Friedrich, German musician, ABEYANCE, in law, I. 48.

I. 33.

Niels Henrik, Norwegian mathematician, I. 33, 516; VIII. 508; XIII. 40, 66, 67, 69.

Thomas, English divine, 1. 33. ABELARD, Peter, scholastic philosopher, I. 34; XXI. 424; his contest with St Bernard, III. 602; his relations with William of Champeaux, v. 386. ABELIAN FUNCTIONS, VI. 726; IX. 821. ABELIANS, religious sect, 1. 33. ABENCERRAGES, Moorish family, I. 35. ABENDANAS, translators of Mishnah, XVI. 506.

ABENEZRA, Jewish writer, I. 36.

ABENSBERG, town, Bavaria, I. 36.

Peerages in, XVIII. 467.

ABGAR, kings of Edessa, I. 48; VII. 653.
ABGEORDNETENHAUS, Prussian cham-
ber, XX. 18.

ABHA, Syriac writer, XXII. 828.

-, patriarch, Syriac writer, XXII.
844.
ABHD-ISHO, Syriac writer, XXII. 827.
ABHD-ISHO BAR BAHRIZ, metropolitan
of Mosul, XXII. 849.

ABHD-ISHO BAR BERIKHA, metropolitan
of Nisibis, Syriac writer, XXII. 855.
ABHIDHARMA, the philosophy of Bud-
dhism, IV. 432.

ABHSAMYA, Syriac writer, XXII. 828.
ABHZUDH, Syriac writer, XXII. 849.

ABEOKUTA, town, West Africa, I. 9; ABIAD, Bahr-el (White Nile), river,
XXIV. 754.

ABERAVON, town, Wales, 1. 36.
ABERBROTHOCK (Arbroath), town, Scot-
land, II. 324.

ABERCIUS, Phrygian saint, XVIII. 853.
ABERCONWAY (Conway), town, Wales,
VI. 330.

Africa, I. 48; XVII. 506, 508.
ABIDE WITH ME, Lyte's hymn, XV.

121.

AB-I-ISTADA, lake, Afghanistan, I. 230.
ABILA, ancient town, Syria, I. 49.
ABILDGAARD, Nikolaj, Danish painter,
I. 49; VII. 93.

ABNER, of Scripture, 1. 51.
ABNEY, Capt. William de W., his con-
tributions to photography, XVII. 826,
830, 834; XXIII. 142; investigations
in spectroscopy, XXII. 380.
ABNICUM (Anni), ancient town, Asia
Minor, II. 72.

Åво, province, Finland, IX. 217.
——, town, Finland, 1. 51; observatory
at, XVII. 714.
ABOLITION OF SLAVERY, general move-
ment for, XXII. 141; Wilberforce's
part in, XXIV. 565; in United States,
XXIII. 752, 763, 767, 781; Garrison's
advocacy, X. 85.

ABOMASUM, fourth stomach of rumin-
ants, I. 51.

ABOMEY, town, Dahomey, Africa, 1. 51;
VI. 765.

ABONG ABONG, mountain, Sumatra,
XXII. 638.

ABOO ARESH, district, Arabia, II. 253.
ABOOSEER (Abusir), town, Egypt, IV.
576; pyramids of, VII. 772; XX. 123.
ABOOSIMBEL (Abu-Simbel), temple of,
Nubia, II. 388.
ABORIGINES, I. 51.

ABORTION, in midwifery, 1. 52; crimi-
nal, XIII. 4; XV. 780; in cows, XXIV.

204.

ABOUKIR, town, Egypt, 1. 52; Nelson's
victory off (1798), XVII. 322; Napo-
leon's victory off (1799), XXIII. 648;
Abercromby's debarkation at (1801),
I. 38.

ABOU-MENGEL, bird, XII. 606.
ABOUT, Edmond, French writer, IX.
679.
ABRABANEL, Isaac, Jewish statesman
and writer, I. 52.
ABRACADABRA, charm, I. 52.
ABRAHAM, Hebrew patriarch, I. 52.
of Kashkar, Syriac writer, XXII.

837.

of Nephtar, Syriac writer, XXII. 836.

of Nisibis, Syriac writer, XXII. 836. Plains of, Quebec city, XX. 168. BAR DASHANDADH, Syriac writer, XXII. 844.

B. DAVID, rabbis, XX. 191.

A SANCTA CLARA, German preacher and satirist, I. 55; X. 531.

« ElőzőTovább »