professing these principles, on the evil consequences arising to society from the unguarded adoption of them, and on the imputations which must attach to the medical profession, if a firm stand were not made against the conversion of the lecture-room of students in surgery into a school of infidelity. Exhibiting too the pious feeling of a well principled mind, he strove to elevate, as Hunter had ever done, the thoughts of the student from the contemplation of nature, to nature's God.

It has been said that "an undevout astronomer is mad;" yet he only contemplates the immensity and order of the works of Nature, and the causes of the varieties of light and seasons, so serviceable to the living beings which inhabit this planet, and, as he infers, to those of others. But what shall we say of the anatomist who observes the structure and functions of those beings, who examines their extreme variety, and regular gradation and connexion, without any feeling or perception that Intelligence has operated in ordaining the laws of nature? We judge of others by ourselves, and assuredly, such a character must, by the bulk of mankind, be considered as possessing either a deficient or perverse intellect.

The opinion that Intelligence must have ordained the order of Nature, is not only impressed by her decrees upon the bulk of mankind, but is confirmed by the observations and reflections of the most observant and intellectual individuals of the human race. Those who think that intelligence may exist distinct from organization, are disposed to admit that the intelligence with which they are endowed may have a separate existence. Those who think that perception is not essential to life, but is an attribute of something different, are also disposed to admit the separate existence of perception and intelligence, and thus do these two opinions produce and support each other. Both opinions are natural to most men, and confirmed by the observations and consideration of the most intellectual of the human race.'-Physiological Lectures, p. 331, 332.

Mr. Lawrence sufficiently understood that these observations, though delivered in general terms, applied directly to himself; but, instead of taking the reproof in good part, expressed as without harshness or severity, he was unfortunately excited by it to a high pitch of angry feeling, and to a determination to shew his contempt for it by redoubling the offence. Accordingly, in his lectures, delivered in the ensuing year, (1818) under the pretence of defending himself, he indulges in the most coarse and virulent invective against his former patron. He talks, among other things, of being attacked with the odium theologicum, which he describes as the most concentrated essence of animosity, and rancour.' p. 10. However this be, Mr. Lawrence evinces, by his own example, that the odium anti-theologicum is of a far more dark and deadly character:-and if we are ever

V. Narrative of my Captivity in Japan, during the years. 1812 and 1813; with Observations on the Country and People. By Captain Golownin, R.N. To which is added An Account of the Voyages to the Coasts of Japan, and of the Negociations with the Japanese for the release of the Author and his Companions. By Captain Rikord - 107 VI. An Elementary Treatise on Astronomy. Vol. II. Containing Physical Astronomy. By Robert Woodhouse,

A.M. F.R.S.

VII. Eastern Sketches, in Verse. By Henry Gally Knight,
Esq.
VIII. Political Essays, with Sketches of Public Characters.
By William Hazlitt.

129

149

- 158

IX. Essays on the Institutions, Government, and Manners of the States of Ancient Greece. By Henry David Hill, D.D. Professor of Greek in the University of St. Andrews.

- 163 X. 1. The Importance of the Cape of Good Hope, as a Colony to Great Britain, independently of the Advantages it possesses as a Military and Naval Station, and the Key to our Territorial Possessions in India. By Richard Barnard Fisher, Esq. Third Edition, with Additions. 2. Considerations on the Means of affording Profitable Employment to the redundant Population of Great Britain and Ireland, through the Medium of an improved and correct System of Colonization in the British Territories in Southern Africa.

3. Hints on Emigration to the Cape of Good Hope. By
William J. Burchell, Esq.

4. The Cape of Good Hope Calendar, and Agriculturist's
Guide. As compiled by G. Ross, Superintendent of the
Government Press in that Settlement.

5. An Account of the Colony of the Cape of Good Hope,
with a View to the Information of Emigrants.

6. A Guide to the Cape of Good Hope, describing its Geo-
graphical Situation, Climate, &c.

7. The Emigrant's Guide to the Cape of Good Hope, con-
taining a Description of the Climate, Soil, and Produc-
tions of the Colony. By John Wilson.

8. Journal of a Visit to South Africa in 1815 and 1816,
with some Account of the Missionary Settlements of the
United Brethren near the Cape of Good Hope. By the
Rev. C. J. Latrobe.

XI. De l'Administration de la Justice Criminelle en Angleterre et de l'Esprit du Gouvernement Anglais. Par M. Cottu, Conseiller à la Cour Royale de Paris.

203

247

CONTENTS

ΤΟ

No. XLIV.

ART. I.

1. Mission from Cape Coast Castle to Ashantee, with a
Statistical Account of that Kingdom, and Geographi-
cal Notices of other Parts of the Interior of Africa.
By T. Edward Bowdich, Esq. Conductor.

2. The African Committee. By T. Edward Bowdich,
Esq. Conductor of the Mission to Ashantee.

II. Thesaurus Græcæ Linguæ ab H. Stephano constructus.
Editio nova, auctior et emendatior.

III.

273

- 302

1. Dictionnaire Infernal; ou Recherches et Anecdotes
sur les Démons, les Esprits, les Fantômes, les Spectres,
les Revenans, les Loup-garoux, les Possédés, les Sor-
ciers, les Sabbats, les Magiciens, les Salamandres, les
Sylphes, les Gnomes, les Visions, les Songes, les Pro-
diges, les Charmes, les Maléfices, les Secrets merveil-
leux, les Talismans, &c. &c. &c. Par J. A. S. Colin
de Plancy.

2. Histoire de la Magie en France depuis le commence-
ment de la Monarchie, jusqu'à nos Jours. Par M.
Jules Garinet.

3. Danske Folkesagn, samlede af J. M. Thiele.

4. Deutsche Sagen, herausgegeben von den Brüdern
Grimm.

5. Des Deutschen Mittelalters, Volksglauben und Hero-
ensagen, von L. F. von Dobeneck.

6. Tales of the Dead, principally Translated from the
French.

IV. 1. Grundsätze der Strategie erläutert durch die Dar-
stellung des Feldzugs von 1796 in Deutschland.

2. Principes de la Stratégie développés par la Relation
de la Campagne de 1796, en Allemagne; ouvrage
traduit de l'Allemand, et attribué à S. A. I. l'Archiduc
Charles.

3. Geschichte des Feldzuges von 1799 in Deutschland
und in der Schweitz.

348

380

V. 1. Brutus,

V. 1. Brutus, or the Fall of Tarquin, an Historical Tragedy.
By John Howard Payne.

2. Evadne, or the Statue. A Tragedy in Five Acts. By
Richard Shiel, Esq.

VI. Sur l'Elévation des Montagnes de l'Inde, par Alexandre
de Humboldt.

A Letter respectfully addressed to His Royal Highness
the Prince Regent on occasion of the Death of her
late lamented Majesty. By Lysias.

VIII. Travels in Nubia; by the late John Lewis Burckhardt.
Published by the Association for promoting the Dis-
covery of the Interior Parts of Africa.

IX. Le Royaume de Westphalie-Jérome Buonaparte-sa Cour-ses Favoris-et ses Ministres. Par un Témoin oculaire.

X. 1. The Substance of the Speech of the Right Hon. W.
C. Plunket, in the House of Commons, on Tuesday
the 23d of November, 1819.

2. Substance of the Speech of the Right Hon. George
Canning, in the House of Commons, on Wednesday,
November 24th, 1819, on the Address to the Throne,
upon the Opening of the Session of Parliament.
3. Substance of the Speech of the Right Hon. Lord
Grenville, in the House of Lords, November 30, 1819,
on the Marquis of Lansdowne's Motion, That a Select
Committee be appointed to inquire into the State of
the Country, and more particularly into the Distresses
and Discontents prevalent in the Manufacturing Dis-
tricts, and the Execution of the Laws with respect to
the numerous Meetings which have taken place.

402

415

- 430

- 437.

481

- 492

THE

QUARTERLY REVIEW.

JULY, 1819.

ART. I. 1. An Enquiry into the Probability and Rationality of Mr. Hunter's Theory of Life, being the Subject of the first two Anatomical Lectures delivered before the Royal College of Surgeons of London. By John Abernethy, F.K.S. &c. Professor of Anatomy and Surgery to the College.

1814.

2. An Introduction to Comparative Anatomy and Physiology, being the two Introductory Lectures delivered at the Royal College of Surgeons on the 21st and 25th of March, 1816. By William Lawrence, F.R.S. &c.

3. Physiological Lectures, exhibiting a General View, &c. delivered before the Royal College of Surgeons, 1817. By John Abernethy, F.R.S.

4. Lectures on Physiology, Zoology, and the Natural History of Man, delivered at the Royal College of Surgeons. By William Lawrence, F.R.S. 1819.

5. Sketches on the Philosophy of Life. By Sir T. C. Morgan. 1819.

6. Remarks on Scepticism, being an Answer to the Views of Bichat, Sir T. C. Morgan, and Mr. Lawrence. By the Rev. Thomas Rennell, A. M. Christian Advocate in the University of Cambridge. 1819.

7. Cursory Observations upon the Lectures, &c. By one of the People called Christians. 1819.

8. A Letter to the Rev. Thomas Rennell. From a Graduate in Medicine. 1819.

WE

E find our attention called by the pamphlets before us to a subject of no ordinary importance, the discussion of the doctrine of materialism: an open avowal of which has been made in the metropolis of the British empire, in lectures delivered under public authority, by Mr. Lawrence, Professor of Anatomy and Surgery, in the Royal College of Surgeons.

In the year 1814, Mr. Abernethy, who has long been known as a medical gentleman of the highest eminence, and one of the professors of that college, delivered two lectures on the Probability and Rationality of Mr. Hunter's Theory of Life. It can scarcely be necessary to remind our readers, in limine, that the nature of the living principle is among the subjects which are manifestly beyond the reach of human investigation. The effects

VOL. XXII. NO. XLIII.

A

and