The Faroe Islands: Interpretations of HistoryUniversity Press of Kentucky, 2014. júl. 15. - 280 oldal Stranded in a stormy corner of the North Atlantic midway between Norway and Iceland, the Faroe Islands are part of "the unknown Western Europe"—a region of recent economic development and subnational peoples facing uncertain futures. This book tells the remarkable story of the Faroes' cultural survival since their Viking settlement in the early ninth century. At first an unruly little republic, the islands soon became tributary to Norway, dwindled into a Danish-Norwegian mercantilist fiefdom, and in 1816 were made a Danish province. Today, however, they are an internally self-governing Danish dependency, with a prosperous export fishery and a rich intellectual life carried out in the local language, Faroese. Jonathan Wylie, an anthropologist who has done extensive field work in the Faroes, creates here a vivid picture of everyday life and affairs of state over the centuries, using sources ranging from folkloric texts to parliamentary minutes and from census data to travelers' tales. He argues that the Faroes' long economic stagnation preserved an archaic way of life that was seriously threatened by their economic renaissance in the nineteenth century, especially as this was accompanied by a closer political incorporation into Denmark. The Faroese accommodated increasingly profound social change by selectively restating their literary and historical heritage. Their success depended on domesticating a Danish ideology glorifying "folkish" ways and so claiming a nationality separate from Denmark's. The book concludes by comparing the Faroes' nationality-without-nationhood to the contrasting situations of their closest neighbors, Iceland and Shetland. The Faroe Islands is an important contribution to Scandinavian as well as regional and ethnic studies and to the growing literature combining the insights and techniques of anthropology and history. Engagingly written and richly illustrated, it will also appeal to scholars in other fields and to anyone intrigued by the lands and peoples of the North. |
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... farmers owned ships capable of crossing the sea, while foreign merchants also called in the Faroes from time to time ... king's, who undertook in the late thirteenth and early fourteenth centuries to regularize the North Atlantic trade and to ...
... farm in Kirkjubøur that had previously belonged to the bishopric. Koppen ... royal monopoly again, and then was granted to Magnús Heinason. When Heinason ... royal monopoly; between 1586 and 1597, it was managed by a Hamburg THE ...
... king obliged them by increasing the priests' land to 151% merkur, which gave them average livings of about 22 merkur. Priests were very rich men by local standards. Like other prosperous farmers, they kept large establishments with many ...
... king's farmers, who enjoyed large, compact, impartible holdings. King's farmers payed modest yearly rents, on the order of perhaps 8 percent of the assessed value of their lands and livestock. At the bottom were freeholders, who shaded ...
... king's request. In 1604 Christian IV promulgated a modified version of King ... farmers to be appointed year after year; all had to take their turn. Hence ... farmers like Mikkjal and made it all but impossible for the likes of Oli to ...
Tartalomjegyzék
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7 | |
Toward a National Culture in an Odd Danish Province | 65 |
Specters and Illusions | 173 |
Governance and Governors | 199 |
Notes | 205 |
References | 231 |
Index | 249 |