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appeared in the English reviews. The sketch of Victor Amedée, which precedes the article, is an appropriate companion-piece. The summaries of M. Forcade, in the "fortnightly political chronicles," are admirable in their way, but rather more occupied with military details than we might wish. The courage of both these writers is as remarkable as their force of thought.

Next to these political articles, we mention the papers of M. Alfred Maury on the "First Ages of our Planet." The first of these papers treats of the "formation of the nucleus" of the earth, the second of the origin of animal and organized life. The reasoning of these papers is acute, and their candor above all praise. M. Maury has as little patience with those who wrest the letter of Scripture into an agreement with geological facts, as with those who reject geology because it differs from Genesis. He discards the Scriptures wholly in the matter of scientific inquiry, accepting its word only as a moral and religious authority. He allows, too, that the human race may have sprung from many pairs, without impairing its essential unity. The fault of the articles is the lack of positive theory. They are critical rather than constructive. This fault may, perhaps, be remedied in some future issue.

M. Emile Montégut gives us, in the present volume, two more of his brilliant articles on English Literature, taking as a text for the first, Guy Livingstone, which he calls "un roman de la vie mondaine,” and for the second, Adam Bede, "le roman réaliste." It is safe to say that no English reviewer of these books has given so exquisite an analysis of their spirit as M. Montégut. The one book is to him the product of the latent animal ferocity which survives in the English heart, even when most disciplined by birth and culture; the other book is the sign of the intensely practical and truthful sense of the English nation, even in its imagination and sentiment. The articles are full of shrewd aphorisms.

Two articles, by M. E. D. Forgues, reviewing the "Campaigns of Major Hodsdon," and "The Flight and Adventures of Judge Edwards," not only contain a spirited description of the exploits of those heroic men, but also an impartial estimate of the causes which led to the Indian mutiny. Their tone is candid and just, and free from that spite which vitiates French judgments of English military achievements. The same candor also appears in the Count de Jarnac's review of Grace Dalrymple's "Recollections of the Revolution."

The historical articles in the present volume are a splendid monograph upon Odoacer, the Gothic ruler of Italy in the fifth century, by Amedée Thierry, and a paper by M. Cousin (the first of a series) on "The Fronde at Bourdeaux," as dignified, calm, and impartial as Cousin's statements always are. M. Albert de Broglie has a discriminating sketch of the political discussions before and after the Revolution of '48, especially as they were influenced by the writings of Armand Carrel, whom he praises as fully as prudence will permit. The views of the article upon universal suffrage are especially noteworthy. More free and enthusiastic is M. Louis de Loménie's tribute to Alexis de

Tocqueville, in which personal friendship is added to sympathy of opinion. Saint René Taillandier vindicates Kleist, that one of the modern German poets who has been most neglected and abused by the critics in his own country. His verdict is that which Tieck pronounced after the suicide of the unfortunate poet.

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Besides the solid articles about the Italian war, of which we have already spoken, there are several other Italian papers of a lighter kind in this volume. M. Brissot has a very instructive account of the contemporary poetry" of Italy, in the "formist" and "colorist " schools, giving the names of some poets not generally known. The story of Pichichia, by M. Metz-Noblat, opens to us in an attractive manner the life of the poorer class in the neighborhood of Florence; and the Countess Belgiojoso has exposed, in the tale of "Rachel," the tyranny of Austrian rule in Lombardy, while she has exhibited in a masterly manner the characteristics of farming life in that province. M. Yemen, the Consul of France in Greece, has added to his former sketch of "Photos Tsavellas" an equally graphic sketch of "Marco Bozzaris," bringing before us, with a true artistic power, the whole scenery and story of that famous Suliote mountain fastness.

The article of the volume, however, which will have most interest to readers on this side of the ocean, is one by M. A. Langel, on "Education in America." Taking as his text the Catalogue of Harvard College, the Annual School Report of Boston, the United States Hydrographical Survey, and the publications of the Smithsonian Institution, he has condensed, on the whole, a correct statement of our educational system. He agrees to our own boast, that the common schools of Massachusetts, and especially of Boston, are the best in the world, and he shows the superiority of the Massachusetts system to that of New York. Harvard College is allowed the first rank among literary institutions in this land. The article is in three parts, the first treating of the system of Free Common Schools; the second, of Academies and Colleges; and the third, of Lyceums and Literary Societies. Some mistakes are made, of course, but much fewer than we might expect. It is not true that all native-born Americans know how to read, or that the American colleges take care of themselves, without any aid from the State, or that in most American churches slavery is advocated and defended from the pulpit. We shall hardly agree, either, that, while the "Theological School has only a very inferior place in Harvard University," "it holds the most important place in a great number of American universities." We believe that Harvard and Yale are the only "universities" that have a theological school. It is pleasant to learn from this writer, that the volumes of Longfellow, and the sermons of Theodore Parker, circulating by thousands, diffuse "among all classes of the nation a taste for what is high and noble."

6

We have the second number of Bentley's (London) Quarterly, the number for July, which was in fact published so late as to include a postscript on the great battle of Solferino (June 24). This new Quarterly does not define its position in any special manifesto, but

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courts, as far as appears, approval for its special freshness of topics,
attempting to come nearer the contemporary line of the newspapers
than the Quarterlies are apt to. Thus, we have had in each number
political essays, quite up to the date of the last harlequin change of
the select circle of gentlemen who govern England; — in each, a con-
temporary" Fine-Art article, one of which describes pictures even yet
on exhibition in London; -and in each, a geographical and strateget-
ical view of the war in Italy. This freshness is a great merit. In
this case, however, it has only been attained by such a sacrifice, we
will not say simply of dignity, but even of the proprieties of lan-
guage and of courtesy, which we hardly pardon in a Little Pedlington
Gazette, and are not often asked to pardon in a Quarterly Review.
There is an amusing article on popular preaching, discussing together
Mr. Spurgeon and Messrs. Bellew and West of the Establishment,
names which have not, to our knowledge, crossed the Atlantic before.
The tone of the Review seems to be, what perhaps is the feeling in the
majority of English Christendom, that all preaching "is a bore." It
is curious to see our newly raised question of Ritual vs. Sermon dis-
cussed from this point of view. By some fatal law, every Quarterly
Review has "to do Horace Walpole" once in five years, as a sort of
"Andover test,”—and German philosophy twice as often. The new
journal does not escape,
but has done its devoir there as it received

its knighthood, and so far has its docket cleared.

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WHOEVER pretends to study the new Italian and Pontifical questions must read the article in the July Dublin Review, on the Government of the Papal States. Half the number more space than we have at our disposal in any single issue is devoted to the subject, which is treated from a high Romanist point of view. Almost every reader will be startled at the results. Considering what the Holy See has had to encounter, the wonder is that its temporal dominion should have endured a thousand years. We have seen, in our own day, how its soil has been occupied against its own will by the troops of powerful states, and how its subjects have been seduced by insidious intrigues. No other government could have endured so much, and have ruled so wisely and so well. Its laws and institutions are in many respects vastly superior to our own; and to sum up, all the charges against Rome really render themselves into this, that it is the government of the Pope, and they all originate in hatred of the Papacy, as the head of the Catholic Church.

THE Methodist Quarterly wins respect, or commands it, by its manly breadth of tone, and its eagerness to look for good rather than suspect evil. Without so wide a range of topics as we aim at ourselves, it examines generously the topics to which it does attend, and we do not catch that whine of intolerance, which seems inseparable from theologies narrower than that of the great Methodist communion. In the July number, an article on Mr. Ellis's History of Unitarianism, first published in these pages, shows that readiness to sympathize, that

9

frankness in conceding something in discussion, and that hopefulness for the future, which we ought to find always, and do find seldom, in a religious Review.

THE July number of the National Review contains two theological articles conceived in the same liberal and hopeful spirit, and marked by the same philosophic tone and thorough acquaintance with the ground which have always distinguished the theological department of this journal. The first, entitled "The Apostolic Age," is a review of Ewald's Geschichte des Apostolischen Zeitalters, pointing out some of the inconsistencies, while heartily acknowledging the extraordinary. merits, of that great theologian. The writer's own views of the early Church are interesting and striking, though sometimes questionable. We cannot agree with him in regarding the Ebionites as a product of Essenism. His parallel between Philo and St. Paul is admirable, and the influence of the faith of the first Christians in the living presence of Christ, as the chief agent in the moral revolution accomplished by them, we have never seen so ably stated before.

The other article "Revelation, what it is not and what it is"- is more subtile than satisfying, although we cordially agree in the conclusion, that the truth of Christianity to the Jew was the revelation of the Absolute Will in the perfect finite will, and its truth to the Greek the revelation of a perfect human nature. The best thing in it is the demonstration of the hollowness and futility of Mansel's Limits of Religious Thought, a work whose specious confessionalism but poorly disguises its latent atheism. The writer ascribes great merit to F. D. Maurice, whose recent publication (What is Revelation?) he reviews, but finds him deficient in Biblical criticism. And yet," Mr. Maurice is as deeply persuaded as we are, that the fullest and freest criticism will work out the happiest issues. For ourselves, we feel little doubt that such criticism will show a large admixture of untrustworthy elements in the narrative of both Old and New Testaments; and that, if it prove so, the mere emancipation of the intellect from what seems a purely literary superstition as to the truth of the Bible narratives, will probably bring far more gain to the spiritual freedom of man, and do far more to direct attention to the spiritual evidences of all divine truth, than any other result could educe. We believe Bibliolatry has been, and is likely long to be, the bane of Protestant Christianity."

This same number has an excellent paper on Milton.

PAMPHLETS.

OCCASIONAL Sermons, whose opportuneness in the delivery elicits a request for publication, do not always justify in print the impression made on the hearers. Dr. Osgood's discourse on "The House of Many Mansions" presents a striking exception to this remark. It pos

*

*The House of Many Mansions. A Sermon preached on Sunday, June 5th, in the Church of the Messiah, by Samuel Osgood, D. D. Published by Vote of the Hearers. New York. 1859.

sesses a value beyond the occasional interest which suggested its composition, and beyond the momentary effect which suggested its publication. The sermon is an exposition of the author's views of the life to come. As a theory of that life it is wise and humane, and combines in a remarkable degree philosophic insight with Christian feeling. While it breathes the evangelical spirit which usually characterizes Dr. Osgood's writings, it is untrammelled, liberal, and hopeful. There are passages in it of great beauty, and the whole is pervaded by a tenderness and pathos which explains the charm it seems to have exercised on the congregation who listened to it.

NEW PUBLICATIONS RECEIVED.

THEOLOGY.

Theodore Parker's Experience as a Minister, with some Account of his Early Life and Education for the Ministry; contained in a Letter from him to the Members of the Twenty-eighth Congregational Society of Boston. Boston: Rufus Leighton, Jr. 8vo. pp. 182. (See p. 282.)

Ishmael; or, A Natural History of Islamism, and its Relation to Christianity. By the Rev. Dr. J. Muehleisen Arnold. London: Rivingtons. 8vo. pp. 524. (To be noticed.)

The Immortality of the Soul and the Final Condition of the Wicked carefully considered. By Robert W. Landis. New York: Carlton & Porter. 12mo. pp. 518.

The Sheepfold and the Common; or, Within and Without. London and New York: Blackie & Son. 12mo. 2 vols. pp. 592, 583. (Consisting of Narratives and Conversations, in Illustration of Evangelical Views of Religion.)

Here and Beyond; or, The New Man the True Man. By Hugh Smith Carpenter. New York: Mason Brothers. 12mo. pp. 345. (A volume of some merit in rhetoric and fancy, and one which will be attractive and valuable to the younger class of serious readers. Its religious spirit seems wholly earnest and practical.)

A Commentary, Explanatory, Doctrinal, and Practical, on the Epistle to the Ephesians. By R. E. Pattison, D.D. Boston: Gould & Lincoln. 12mo. pp. 244.

ESSAYS, ETC.

Observations on the Growth of the Mind. By Sampson Reed. Fifth Edition. Boston: Crosby, Nichols, & Co. 16mo. pp. 99. (To be reviewed.) The Roman Question. By E. About. Translated from the French by H. C. Coape. New York: D. Appleton & Co. 12mo. pp. 219.

Lectures for the People. By the Rev. Hugh Stowell Brown, of Liverpool. First Series, with a Biographical Introduction, by Dr. Shelton Mackenzie. Philadelphia: G. G. Evans. 12mo. pp. 414.

HISTORY AND BIOGRAPHY.

The China Mission; embracing a History of the various Missions of all Denominations among the Chinese; with Biographical Sketches of Deceased Missionaries. By William Dean, D.D. (Twenty Years a Missionary to China). New York: Sheldon & Co. 12mo.

pp. 396.

Lives of the Queens of Scotland and English Princesses connected with

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