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Art. 56. Advice to a young Rider; or Travelling Tradefman. In a Letter from a Mother to her Son. Svo. 6d. Johnson. 1786. A fober moral exhortation, that may be read with profit by all young tradefmen, whether they travel the country, or attend bufinefs at home.

Art. 57. The Candour and Liberality of one of his Majefty's principal Secretaries of State, exemplified in the Cafe of Edward Morje, Efq. many Years Chief Juftice of Senegambia, in Africa. 4to. 1s. Ridgeway. 1787.

It appears that Mr. Morfe was appointed chief juftice of Senegambia in 1772; that in 1773, being very ill, and obliged to come to England, the province was in great distress from the mal-adminiftration of the Lieutenant Governor, and that, though still in a very bad ftate of health, Mr. M, was fent to quell the difturbances; which having effected, he again returned to England in 1777; that though Senegambia was taken by the French in 1778, his falary continued to be paid up to the 25th of December 1780; that from this time till two years and a half after, the falary was fufpended, but on prefenting memorials to the Commiflioners of the Treafury, it was paid up to June 1783; and that Mr. M. has not received the fmalleft compenfation' fince that time.

That in the fame year he drew up and delivered to Lord Sydney a plan for erecting a colony in the territory of the river Gambia;' that the plan being adopted, he was appointed chief justice of the intended new colony, but that his Majesty afterward abandoned the undertaking; that on Mr. Morfe complaining of this difappointment to Lord Sydney, that nobleman acknowledged that the cafe was an hard one-and that he would take the earliest opportunity of providing for him;" that after fuch like repeated promifes from Lord S. during feveral years, Mr. Morfe was at length told by Mr. Nepean, as from Lord Sydney, that he was not to expect any kind of provifion from Government, for that his cafe did not appear to be fo hard as it was thought to have been." By thefe difappointments, Mr. M. and his family have been reduced to the greatest diftreffes, as the newfpapers have frequently informed the public.

Such is the abstract of this cafe, which is written in a plain and modeft manner, and contains no improper or unpolite language concerning Lord S. which the hardships of Mr. M.'s cafe, if ftrictly true, might in fome meafure juflity. We fay if fridly true, becaufe we have lived long enough in the world not to be deceived by the moft fpecious pretences; and though we know nothing perfonally or privately of the Author, and have no reafon to difbelieve his narrative, yet we bear in mind Horace's well known audi alteram partem, and Solomon's He that is firft in his own cause feèmeth just, &c. and fince Mr. M. informs us, in a poftfcript, that there is an intention to contradict this narrative,' we fhall not give our opinion in this matter, till we have feen the intended publication.

Mr. M. alfo adds an affidavit of the truth of the whole of his narrative, and especially of the juftnefs of the ftatement of a particular converfation between him and Lord S. which the latter has fince difavowed.

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Art. 58. A brief Account of the Hofpital of St. Elizabeth, annexed to the Imperial Monaftery of St. Maximin, of the Benedictines, in the Electorate of Treves. Tranflated from the Latin. With Notes. Large 8vo. 6s. fewed. Dilly. 1786.

In our Review for April laft, p. 335. we gave an account of the original of this work; and we are happy in feeing a publication calculated to promote both civil and religious liberty, put into an English drefs, with judgment and propriety. The liberal fpirit of the original is well preferved by the tranflator; who hath also fhewn that he poffeffes, in an eminent degree, thofe mild and benign principles which true Chriftianity inculcates, and that he holds in utter deteftation thofe intolerant practices which have diftinguifhed and difgraced the poffeffors of ecclefiaftic power.

The Tranflator's preface is figned C. L. which we interpret Cafel Lofft. It contains much curious hiftorical information, and explains the defign of the Tranflator, which is to fet in full view the contraft between the fpirits of blind obedience, and enlightening freedom.

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The notes and mifcellaneous remarks which are added by the Tranflator, are most of them taken from fuch writers as have been diftinguished for their love of freedom, and for their liberal fentiments. We are prefented with large extracts from the American conftitutions, which,' as the Annotator obferves, breathe a fpirit very oppofite to that of monkery and religious tyranny; and prove, though in different degrees, that what a few wife and honeft men fay, it might be imagined, with little effect, in one age and country, makes its appearance, often in a manner that could leaft have been predicted, in other times and communities.' Our Annotator's remarks on many of the articles of thefe conftitutions are judicious, and fhew that his thoughts on toleration and religious freedom are not the hafty effufions of licentioufnefs or fanaticifm, but calm conclufions, deduced by mature reflection, and an intimate knowledge of the fubject, guided by Christian benevolence and fincerity.

This tract is printed with remarkable elegance.

RELIGIOU s.

Art. 59. A Defence of the Conduct and Writings of the Rev. Arthur O'Leary, during the late Disturbances in Muniter: With a full Juftification of the Irish Catholics, and an Account of the Rifings of the White Boys. Written by himself; in Answer to the falle Accufations of Theophilus *, and the ill-grounded Infinuations of the Right Reverend Dr. Woodward, Lord Bifhop of Cloynet. 8vo. 2s. 6d. Keating.

The Bishop of Cloyne, by declaring the Prefbyterians and the Catholics unworthy the confidence of government, and by infinuating that Mr. O'Leary indirectly inftigated the riots of the White Boys, has already received the retort courteous from Dr. Campbell, as the champion of the former; and now finds that Mr. O'Leary is equally unwilling to fubmit to the Bishop's cenfure, or to fuffer his Catholic brethren to lie under the fevere imputation of being

*Rev. Jan, laft, p. 67.

P. 442.

+ Rev. April, p. 341.

Rev. May,

the

the principal agents in the riotous oppofition to tithes. Dr. Woodward and I live in the fame county; can he ftand forth and arraign my conduct?" This is not the language of a man conscious of the danger of a fcrutiny.

Mr. O'Leary is an acute ingenious opponent, who refifts the Bishop on one fide as warmly as Dr. Campbell does on the other; and it had perhaps been better if his Lordship, in fuch a feafon as he has defcribed, had guarded against giving offence to either of them. If we attend to Dr. Campbell, the Prefbyterians have at all times proved, in general, better friends to the Proteftant government in Ireland, than the members of the established church: If we give credit to Mr. O'Leary, the diforders complained of, are greatly exaggerated, and that in thofe outrages which did take place, the Proteftants were to the full as active as the Catholics, being equal fufferers under the exactions of the tithe farmers. Had the Bishop of Cloyne, fays he, been as active in enforcing peace and fubordination as I have been, the fire, which was firft kindled in his diocefe, would have been extinguished before it increased to a conflagration.'

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-If in the long space of fifteen months he was really convinced that the veffel of the established religion, of which he is one of the pilots, was in imminent danger, why has he flept at the helm? When the ftorm is over, and the fea exhibits a smooth surface, he fings the doleful ditty of the shipwrecked mariner all over the three kingdoms; but where was he when the fhip was on the point of finking? Where was the paftoral letter, where was the pathetic addrefs? &c.'

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With respect to inftigation of the Irish Catholics by foreign powers, Mr. O'Leary replies, He (the Bishop) alarms the diffenters with the apprehenfions, that if they do not aflift him in keeping the tithes, the Catholic clergy will have them with the affiftance of a foreign power. Mr. Barber ingenioufly answers, that it is equal to him who has the tithes, whether it be Peter, Martin, or John, fince they are of no benefit to him, either with regard to foul or body. If his Lordship be afraid, that the Catholic clergy will deprive him of all the tithes, with the affiftance of a foreign power, I can affure him that he has nothing to appréhend from foreign powers. They will never invade Ireland in order to procure tithes for the Catholic clergy. This indeed would be a war of proctors and tithe-canters. Farther, I can affure his Lordship, that foreign powers are more inclined to reduce the revenues of their own national clergy, than to make war for the Catholic clergy of Ireland.' All this is plaufible, and may poffibly be true; but Mr. O'Leary may be fairly asked, whether a neighbouring monarch did not make war to procure for the North Americans what he will not confer on his own fubjects? Art. 60. Two Letters to David Hume. By one of the People called Quakers; containing Remarks on his Philofophical Effays. 8vo. 6d. Crowder, &c.

These letters appear to have been abstracted (as they fay, in Scotland) from a book entitled Letters written in London by an American Spy; of which we gave fome account in the Review for December 1786, p. 473. The Writer feriously admonishes David in

* That is-ftolen.

the

the Quaker style, concerning his infidelity; but whether the letters were in reality ever fent to him, we are not informed. If they were, there is no probability that any anfwer was returned. David hated controversy, and never replied to his Answerers.

Art. 61. Two Funeral Sermens, occafioned by the Death of two Young Women, preached at Peckham in Surrey, Oct. 17, 1784; and Nov, 6, 1785. By R. Jones. 12mo. Is. td. Dilly.

The impreffion which is made by Funeral Sermons is often more owing to the melancholy circumilances of the events which occafion them, than to any extraordinary merit in the preacher. A difcourfe of this kind, which had a friking effect in the delivery, may appear trite and uninterefting on the fubfequent perufal. Had the Author of thefe Sermons attended to this, he would probably have contented himself with the credit they gained him on their first publication from the pulpit.

Art. 62. Four Dialogues on the Doctrine of the Holy Trinity, as taught throughout the Scriptures, and on other Points which have of late been Subjects of frequent difcuffion. By E. W. Whitaker, Rector of St. Mildred's and All Saints, Canterbury. Evo. Rivingtons. 1786.

29.

This champion is a much greater mafter of the art of offence than of the art of defence. On the defenfive, he maintains that the. damnatory claufes in the Athanafian Creed are expreffive of a charitable fpirit-afferts, that a man who does not find a proof of the doctrine of the Trinity in the words, "Let us make man," is ignorant of the general principles of grammar-and infers, that unless Chrift be God he cannot be a Saviour, from the words in the prophecy of Hofea, "There is no Saviour befides me." On the offenfive, he charges Dr. Priestley (against whom this attack is chiefly levelled) with maintaining, with unblufhing obftinacy, points in which he has been repeatedly confuted, and with entire unfkilfulness in the language in which the greater part of the hiftory he pretends to elucidate is locked up; calls in quellion his fagacity and fincerity; and fpeaks of him as a writer no longer worthy of a ferious anfwer. Such auxiliaries can be of little fervice to any caufe; they had much better draw off their feeble and ill-trained forces, and leave a clear field to the principal combatants.

SERMONS.

I. Preached at St. Peter, Carmarthen, Sept. 14, 1786, before the Society for the Relief of diftreffed Clergymen, their Widows and Orphans. By Edward Lord Bishop of St. David's. 4to. IS. Bew. 1736.

From the words of the Apostle, "We being many are one body in Chrift, and every one members one of another," Rom. xii. 5. the Right Rev. preacher fhews, that every man, even the least in common eftimation, even he who lives in the moft abject condition, may, by a regularity of life, and fobriety of conduct, contribute to the promotion of God's kingdom on earth, and is therefore entitled to the common bleflings of Providence here, and to the protection of this fpiritual communion, of which he is a member.' His Lordship

concludes

concludes with recommending, as proper objects of charity, the diftreffed members of Chrift, efpecially the inferior clergy, who although appointed by authority to the office of the miniftry, are not allowed (for reafons which the Bishop fays he fhall not at prefent enquire into) a fufficient maintenance.

11. Confirmation. Preached at the Vifitation of the Bishop of Lon don, at Thaxted, Effex, May 26, 1786. By the Rev. John Howlett, Vicar of Great Baddow. 4to. 15. Richardfon.

Mr. Howlett has, in this defence of Confirmation, offered fuch arguments as will naturally occur to men of fenfe and piety, who have a confcientious reverence for the fubject, in recommendation of this rite. The preacher, though evidently much in earnest, is no bigot. He ably vindicates the establishment to which he belongs, in refpect of this inftitution; and, at the fame time, he allows, on the moft candid conftruction, free liberty of diffent to thofe who apprehend that the ordinance in queftion, only tends to confirm the people in ignorance and error.'

IS.

III. Preached at the Drum-head, in the Queen's Square at Lancaster, Oct. 1, 1786, before the 40th Regiment, on the Delivery of the New Colours. By George Vanbrugh, LL. B. 4to. Johnson. 1786.

The text is, Love the brotherhood: fear God: honour the King. Thefe three important injunctions are feparately enforced by Mr. Vanbrugh, in a manner fuitable to the character of his audience. IV. Preached to the Congregation of Proteftant Diffenters at Walthamstow, Feb. 18, 1787, on the Death of the Rev. Hugh Farmer, who died Feb. 5, 1787. By Thomas Urwick. 8vo. 6d. Buck. land.

The most interefting and valuable part of thofe Funeral Sermons which are occafioned by the death of great and learned men, is, doubtlefs, the Memoir. To this, therefore, we think preachers fhould give ample space and endeavour to render it the most accurate and finished part of the compofition. When a Sermon is published on the death of fuch a man as Mr. Farmer, we hurry over the difquifition of the text as mere prefatory matter, referving our principal attention for what is peculiar to the occafion, the account of the man and the Scholar, and fuffer no little difappointment, after going through the feveral heads and improvement of a long difcourfe, to find only a mere fhred of biography tacked to the end of it.

We were led to thefe remarks by the Sermon now before us; though it is but juftice to obferve that the defect of which we complain is by no means peculiar to it. Mr. Urwick's difcourfe fhews him to be a fenfible and ufeful preacher; but he must forgive us, if we fay it did not fatisfy us in its account of the deceased. We were furprised at the very flight mention of Mr. Farmer's literary character, which was acknowledged to be eminent, not only by Diflenters, but also by the most learned divines of the Establishment. Mr. Urwick, we are perfuaded, does not mean in the note, p. 33, to excite the idea which the word domeftic will probably convey to many of his readers, that Mr. Farmer was a fervant in Mr. Snell's family. It is certainly a miftake, a fubftitution of one word for another; as muft alfo be the

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