"9th. The probability, under the its encouragement in any way. The security of an equitable tariff, that youth, tempted by a sum of money, numerous English speculators, as well as those of other nations of Europe and of America, would be induced to try their fortune in Madagascar.

"10th. The plan proposed by Captain Owen, that his Majesty Rádăma should have a steamboat; of its uses and advantages.

"11th. The medical education of three young Malagashes at Edinburgh, agreeably to his Majesty's desire.

"12th. The advantage of having a well-educated medical man, besides Mr. Lyall, established at Tananarivon, or attached to his Majesty, his army, and his people.

"13th. Of the independence of Great Britain, and also of the Mauritius, with regard to Madagascar; and at the same time, of the wish of the British goverument, that former commercial relatious should not be interrupted.

"14th. Of the proclamation of his Excellency, Sir Lowry Cole, of the 26th September, 1827, abolishing a duty of six per cent. upon the importation of salt-beef from the British colonies at the Cape of Good Hope, in order to counterpoise, in some measure, the ill-effects of the treaty existing between his Majesty Rádăma and Mr. Blancard's house.

soon afterwards sold a slave who was attached to himself. The news of this act having reached the king's ears, the man was seized, put in irous, carried to Tananarivon, and, after a fair trial, condemned to death. He was kept alone, however, until a Cabar was held, when his Majesty had him brought forward, and, after explaining his crime, he ordered him to be shot before the assembly. Rádăma then added, 'Such a reward awaits all those who infringe the laws respecting slavery.' The head was then severed from the body, and placed upon a pole in a public place, that the effect might be more extensive and durable."

Rádăma throughout expressed sentiments of loyalty and friendship for Eugland.

666

has

'Eugland,' said the king,' was my first ally, and has been my faithful supporter. I never can forget King George III., and far less King George IV. The British government done everything for me, and made me what I am. All you see around me' (looking at his dress, his officers, his soldiers, his band of musicians, bis table, etc.) 'does honor to your country' (I here added, and infinite honor to Rádǎma'). Sir Robert Farquhar

"15th. The necessity to which Great was my warm friend, and notwithBritain might be reduced of interdict-standing what has occurred, I doubt ing the importation of the products of not, on proper explanation, that Sir Madagascar into the Mauritius, in order Lowry Cole will be so likewise. `I to countervail the commercial treaty, must ever hold the name of England spoken of under the last head.

dear. Of her good intentions I have "16th. Of my own confidence in no doubt, and the interest she takes iu Rádăma, and of my feelings towards the prosperity of Madagascar, and in Madagascar, and the pleasure I should my glory, is rendered very evident by have in assisting his Majesty, heart her government sending you here, acand soul, in every measure that tended companied by Mr. Morgan. I know to his glory and the good of his peo- she can do much for me and my people." In commenting on this inter-ple; and I am well satisfied that you view, Mr. Lyall relates a characteristic anecdote.

"Rádăma lately employed a young man to go among his enemies to the southward of Tananarivon, as a spy, in order to know what they were doing, especially with respect to slavery, giving him the strictest commands against

can and will aid me yourself, and thus add to the obligations I already lay under to King George IV. I love England. I have regarded her, and still regard her, comme mon pivot.'

"The last word Rádămia repeated with much animation, looking straight in the face, and then held out

me

his hand to me, and we had a hearty not be spent idly, but that his Majesty shake. Still holding my hand, he would allow me to assist him, and call added, "These are my sentiments, and upon me at all times for whatever aid I whoever gives a contrary representa- could give, for the good of his people, tion, does injustice to me and injustice or the advancement of his own fame to Great Britain. Do me the favor to and glory." communicate what I have said to the English government, and to Sir Lowry "During the private audience I also Cole, and to make my ideas known to touched upon the views of the governor your countrymen, who ever have shown of Bourbon, and of the pretensions, or themselves my friends, and will not claims, of the French government to forget me as long as I do my duty. possessions in Madagascar; in conThe civilization of my people is the sequence of which delicate questions dearest wish of my heart, and every might be agitated, that had better be measure, conducive to its advance-dormant. So far as the French were ment, will meet with my approbation concerned, Rádăma seemed to think it and support. I feel obliged to you for a matter of no consequence, and afterthe open and sincere manner in which wards, in a conversation with Mr. you have spoken your sentiments, Robin, I found that the court and the whether by direction, or from your own officers laughed at any attempt or claim heart, and wish to profit by them.' the French might think of making on their island, after their constant want of success in all former enterprises.

"In reply to the king's proposal to send three young Malagashes to study "The audience having finished, a medicine at Edinburgh, I informed the general conversation took place, and king that my opinion was, that it would talking of the king's army, I said, be useless to send any young men to when the troops were going to exerEdinburgh without a previous educa- cisc, I should like much to see them, tion, because all the lectures are deliv-as I had not well observed them on the ered in English, and that I would preceding day, being occupied so conadvise, in preference, that a well-edu- stantly in conversation with his Majcated medical man should be engaged esty, that I had not had time to leave to proceed to Tananarivon, and to act the room. He replied Very well,' as surgeon to the army and the people, and two minutes afterwards, while I while I would attend the king, his was speaking with Mr. Philibert, he court, and his staff, etc.; and that he entered another apartment for a moshould also undertake the preparatory ment, the meaning of which I did not education of a number of young men then understand. The conversation for three years; at the end of which was renewed, and in about half an period the three most distinguished of hour, to my astonishment, a company them might be sent to the University of Grenadiers, preceded by the band, of Edinburgh, while the others might marched into the square before the become the assistants of the surgeon, house, when his Majesty said, 'Your and be capable of doing much good in wish shall now be gratified.' I could a country in which there is no regular not avoid thanking the king for his unmedical person. I added that I had expected and delicate attention. reason to believe that Mr. Edington, assistant surgeon of the Samarang, would be glad to have such an appoint

ment."

"The moment Rádăma was perceived by the troops, they uttered something like 'Hurrah, Rádăma,' to which his Majesty replied very gently.

For his own part, Mr. Lyall offered "The king and I having taken our to help the king by every means in his stations upon the steps before the door, power. Having stated that I had the the Grenadiers, who were commanded view of passing a number of years at by Colonel Bayna, went through the his court, I wished that they should manual exercise tolerably well. They

then went through the platoon exer- being sent, accompanied by Captain cise, firing in company, by sub-divi- Kelly and Mr. Morgan, I proceeded to sions, by sections, and by files, and the Battery, the gates of which being upon the whole they executed their thrown open, we cantered up to the task in a highly creditable manner.

Reckoning this a favorable opportunity to show the troops the rifle with five charges, the king caused the same soldier as the preceding day to stand in their front and fire it again, which he did successfully, to the amusement of all present, and to the astonishment of many.

house and were saluted by some troops, the band again playing God save the King. On descending from my horse, Mr. Corroller came out to welcome me, and his Majesty Rádăma met me at the door and received me as usual, in a very handsome manner.

"While about to sit down himself, he, as before, indicated the chair for "I now reminded the king of the me on his right hand. Mr. Robin and changes introduced by Sir Henry Tor- Mr. Corroller were the only two indirens in the evolutions of the British viduals who sat, besides the king, myarmy, when he expressed a wish to see self, and party. Prince Rataffe, Mr. them performed. I therefore desired Phillibert, and about twelve of his Mr. Morgan to take a station between Majesty's principal officers, all in their us and the troops, and to go through best uniforms, were in waiting, and the manual exercise and the extension all stood erect round the room, but motions, which be executed very whether with a view to do honor to his adroitly, and met with the king's highest approbation.

Majesty or because there was a scarcity of chairs, I cannot say. I may remark, "The company of Grenadiers now however, that after a time they sat gave a general salute, and marched off, down as on the day of the presentation, the band playing the March of the and that to-day the greatest part of the British Grenadiers.' 799 chairs, with which Tamatave in genThis concluded the immediate busi-eral is not well stocked, in Rataffe's ness of Mr. Lyall's mission. The rest establishment were placed around the of his stay at Tamatave was spent in dinner-table. While in the drawingan exchange of courtesies between himself and Rádăma.

On the day after the audience he dined with the king.

"About half past twelve o'clock I called at the Battery unceremoniously, and sent in my name to the king, who came to the door and received me in the frankest manner. Finding his Majesty's eyes much inflamed, I gave him my advice and a dose of Epsom salts, and expressed a wish that he would postpone the dinner till another day, when he should be well. He humorously replied, Oh, non, non,

non!'"

The dinner is described with much minuteness.

"I then dressed in my best uniform, but instead of trousers, wore white small cloths, white silk stockings, and shoes with buckles — tout-à-fait à l'Anglaise.

"At the proper time, the horses

room (if it may get the name) we each had a small glass of liqueur, à la mode Française, and chatted, etc., for a few minutes. Soon after six o'clock the king's butler announced to his Majesty that dinner was ready, and the door of the dining-room was thrown open. Rádăma then walked in, making a sign to me to follow him, and while taking his place at the head of the table, he begged me to sit down on his right hand. Mr. Robin sat opposite to me, Mr. Corroller on my right, Captain Kelly on the left of Mr. Robin, and Mr. Morgan on the right of Mr. Corroller, Prince Rataffe on the left of Captain Kelly, Mr. Phillibert at the bottom of the table.

"The table was set with a good deal of taste, and covered with a profusion of dishes, silver and crystal abounded, and we had so many courses of wellcooked viands, fish, flesh, fowl, ham, etc., some of them in too great masses,

that I thought dinner was never to as long as they did their duty to their have au end.

"Even after Rádăma had given 'The health of King George IV.,' with the usual noisy solemnities, the band playing God save the King,' and I returned thanks for the king of England, a fresh course, consisting of a variety of dishes, crowded the table, and we recommenced gormandizing. I then gave "The health of Rádăma, king of Madagascar,' with the same honors, and the band played a national air.

king aud country and towards my country and myself, I should be friends with.' I then shook hands with Rádăma, Mr. Robin, Mr. Corroller, and Prince Rataffe, and made signs to the officers more distant from me, aud thanked them for their attention.

"While the desert and coffee were served up, some general patriotic toasts were drunk.

"Toward the conclusion of the feast, Mr. Robin proposed a toast; he then rose up and said, 'As Sir Lowry Cole "After a short interval Rádăma is a great officer of the king of Endrank Prosperity to the British na- gland, and I am a great officer of the tion,' with three cheers, and the band king of Madagascar, I think myself played ‘Rule Britannia,' and shortly justified in proposing the health of afterwards I returned The prosperity Lady Frances Cole,' which was асof Madagascar, and the civilization of cordingly drunk with hip ip hips.' her people under the direction of his Majesty Rádăma,' with three cheers; the band, if I be not mistaken, again played a national air. This toast much pleased the king, who, while most of conversation with Rádăma. Mr. Robin our neighbors were busy eating and drinking, was occupied in telling me how much he owed to England, how dear the civilization of his people was to his heart, and how much opposition he had met with in the execution of his plans.

666 'My people,' said he, 'even now ask me boldly why I forget the customs and manners of my ancestors, why I put on fine uniforms like white men, why I have my table set out after their manner, why I use knives and forks, why I ride on horseback and make use of gaudy trappings, why my soldiers are clothed and disciplined like Europeans, why I have foreign music, and such like questions; and they conclude by praying me to relinquish them all and return to the days of yore.'

"If Mr. Robin expected that I should return as my toast Mrs. Robin,' he was deceived. I gave no toast at all, but purposely entered into close

sang a French air, and was accompanied by the band, and afterwards I, being solicited, began Auld Lang Syne' alone, but the band soou joined me.

"During dinner the whole of Rádăma's party behaved extremely well. The king took a glass of wine with each in his turn; I did the same, and all of us were in excellent humor and very merry, especially the king and myself.

"There was no want of wines, and some very tolerable wines, Madeira, claret, and champagne, besides ale and porter at pleasure.

"We remained till about eleven o'clock, when I said, 'Your Majesty, I think we have done sufficient honor to the bottle.' Rádăma soon rose and took me by the arm, and we walked "Sir Robert Farquhar's and Sir into the drawing-room. The band were Lowry Cole's healths were proposed by playing a country dance, and the king, the king and drunk with three cheers. holding my hand, began to dance, and His Majesty also proposed my health, I followed his example. His Majesty when I returned, not Mr. Robin nor continued for some minutes hopping Mr. Corroller individually, as might and skipping about the room, very have been expected, for political rea- often looking at his feet, while I gave sons, but ‘The king's army and all the him side-cutting' and 'high-cutting officers, especially those present, who, in return, and we concluded by a regu

a

their

lar wheeling round about a number of followed by a guard of honor, armed, times while our hands were joined, till but almost naked, and about twenty we wheeled out into the verandah, and women of different tribes in I called for my horse. The king fol- native dresses, who were occupied in lowed me into the courtyard and said, singing while his Majesty remained 'As you are very warm, let me send with me. you home in a palanquin,' to which I replied, 'It would be disgraceful for a Briton not to be able to return as he came,' and bidding the king again good-night I got upon my horse, re- curious to know, and was highly turned to my lodgings, and soon fell into the arms of Morpheus."

On November 1st he writes: "Dined quietly at home. About five o'clock I took a ride by the shore and met General Rafarlah and Princess Rafarlahı (Rádăma's sister), whom the king expected, coming from Foule Point. It is impossible to describe the motley group. A company of black soldiers, altogether naked, with the exception of their salack, and armed with muskets, preceded the general, who rode a good horse. In a line, with the last rank and file, immediately behind the soldiers, followed the princess, borne in a kind of easy-chair with poles upon the shoulders of four men. The general was habited in an undress uniforma blue jockey coat, sword, and cocked hat. The princess was dressed in the European manner, and had a yellow silk handkerchief thrown loosely over her head. A crowd of servants in all kinds of dresses or almost naked followed in complete disorder, carrying every kind of luggage. The general and the princess continued their way to the Battery, passing through the bivouac of the soldiers by whom they were saluted."

On November 2nd the king called in state on Mr. Lyall.

"I showed the king a mineralogical chest, a variety of philosophical instruments and apparatus, some surgical instruments, the uses of which he was

amused with the catheter, etc.; a handsome medicine chest, a collection of gums, gum-resins, and resins, numerous books, especially military books, which attracted his special attention, a few naval books, various curiosities, and articles manufactured in Great Britain; fluid vaccine matter, brought from London in capillary tubes, etc. I also showed him a conjuror, and astonished his Majesty and the party by saying that one could cook a superior beef-steak in it without moving it from the spot in three minutes. Rádăma having expressed a great desire to see this performed, I ordered one of my servants to charge the conjuror with beef-steak, and I lighted the spirit of wine by means of a fire-box. At the expiration of the specified time, on taking off the lid of the conjuror, the steak was found beautifully done and burning hot. The king and all present partook of it, and every one praised it more than another. Ale, porter, and wine were handed rouud; the party seemed very happy, and much conversation went on.

On November 4th, Mr. Lyall had the honor of entertaining Rádăma.

"At six o'clock the king's approach to my lodgings was made known by the playing of the band, which preceded "At three o'clock precisely, his the king. His Majesty was on foot, Majesty Rá lăma entered the court, and was received by Mr. Morgan at the mounted upon a white charger, su- gate, and by myself and Captain Kelly perbly equipped, the saddle being cov- at the door of one of the pavilions, ered with purple velvet and adorned which served as the drawing-room. with gold trimmings. Mr. Morgan re- Princess Rafarlah was borue upon s ceived him at the gate and I at the chair, on the shoulders of four men, door of the house. He was accompa- but all the gentlemen invited were ou nied by all the persons specially in- foot. A guard of honor, with an officer vited, and about a dozen of his chief on horseback at their head, followed officers in full uniform. They were

the king.