dent, that he had destroyed the "hitherto aristocratic" character of that agreeable hamlet. concerned himself little with the dogmatic | he flung himself with characteristic beartitheology of the Church. It was highly ness into the movement of sympathy with characteristic of his mind that, at a mo- the German emperor in his struggle with ment of political trouble, he wrote to his the pope. Lord Russell's letter, declaring step-daughter, "We all rest in the mercy that the Roman Church was no longer of God, who will dispose of us as he thinks content with equality, but aimed at ascenbest;" and that, in a despatch about the dency, and protesting his unwillingness to holy places, he referred with melancholy admit such a claim, drew from the emperor indignation to "the spectacle of rival and from Prince Bismarck strong expreschurches contending for mastery in the sions of gratitude for the "active interest very place where Christ died for man- which the Nestor of European statesmen kind." "I hope," he wrote to Lord Aber- is taking in our defensive warfare against deen, with reference to this despatch, the priesthood of Rome." you will not think there is too much of This hatred of spiritual domination and the Gospel in it for a foreign secretary.' ." clerical rule disposed Lord Russell very It was, in truth, the simple expression of strongly in favor of undenominational edubis essential belief, which he himself cation. He was a lifelong supporter of summed up in these words: "1. God is a the British and Foreign School Society, Spirit, the Maker of heaven and earth. and he founded and maintained at his own 2. Christ was sent from God, and revealed cost a village school at Petersham, which to men the message of God. 3. Christ produced an angry complaint from a resi died for mankind.” Such was his brief but far-reaching creed, and his theological speculations seem to have been confined within its limits. "I rest," he said, "in the faith of Jeremy Taylor, of Barrow, of Tillotson, of Hoadley, of Samuel Clarke, of Middleton, of Warburton, of Arnold, without attempting to reconcile points of difference among these great men." Strong in his own convictions, and loyal to them in his public and private life, he was intolerant of any attempt, by whomsoever made, to enforce the acceptance of dogma, to interfere with the free working of the individual conscience, to compel men to believe or practise what they disapproved, or to attach civil disabilities to theolog. ical opinion. Thus he was an early champion of Catholic emancipation, and the strongest and most persistent advocate for the admission of the Jews to Parliament. He procured the repeal of the Test and Corporation Acts before he was thirty-seven years old, and not three weeks before his death a great deputation of Nonconformists came to Pembroke Lodge to congratulate him on having lived to see the fiftieth anniversary of that momentous triumph. He denounced the "bigotry of Exeter Hall" not less vigorously than the attempts which, as he conceived, the Tractarian leaders made to "confine the intellect and enslave the soul;" but whenever the Roman Church used her liberty to interfere with the secular government of States, or to establish spiritual ascendency over reason and conscience, Lord Russell was at once and instinctively her resolute enemy. The Ecclesiastical Titles Bill was a monument of his zeal against Papal usurpation, and in his eighty-second year The zeal with which Lord Russell withstood the aggressions of the Roman hierarchy in England and abroad sprang, in almost equal parts, from his Protestantism and from his patriotism. A more patriotic heart than his never beat. He was an ardent lover of peace, but when once England had been forced to appeal to the awful arbitrament of the sword, he fashioned his policy on the advice of Polonius, and so bore himself that the opposed might well beware of him. His much-misconstrued action in the Crimean war was due to the simple conviction that he could not conceal or deny in Parliament the pain and shame with which he had seen incompe tent colleagues mismanage and imperil the forces of 66 An old and haughty nation proud in arms. The heaviest reproaches which he ever levelled against certain of his former colleagues were drawn from him by his conviction that they were indifferent to na tional honor, and careless of the efficiency of the national defences. They seem to have been quite unaware that the United Kingdom is a great country, and that its reputation ought to be dear to every British heart." And though he was one of the gentlest and most merciful of men, the reformer of the penal code, and the staunch opponent of all cruel punishments, he condemned in the strongest terms the mistaken clemency shown in the amnesty of the Fenian prisoners convicted of treasonable practices against the crown and commonwealth of England. The robustness of Lord Russell's patri- | missing the old servant "John " in favor otic sentiment was intimately connected of "the young man from Northampton,' with one of the most marked features of he turned the tide of war, and won the his moral nature his dauntless courage. last, and perhaps the most difficult, of his Never was a braver spirit enshrined in a electioneering triumphs. In recording this more fragile form. The son of a consump-election, it is a satisfaction to a nephew tive mother, he inherited the miserable of Lord Russell to commemorate the legacy of congenital weakness. Even in those untender days he was considered too delicate to remain at a public school. It was thought impossible for him to live through his first session of Parliament. When he was fighting the Reform Bill through the House of Commons he had to be fed with arrowroot by a benevolent lady, who was moved to compassion by his pitiful appearance. For years after wards he was liable to fainting-fits, had a wretched digestion, and was easily upset by hot rooms, late hours, and bad air. friendly and helpful action of Mr. Thomson Hankey formerly M.P. for Peterborough, and a much-respected merchant of the City, who took the chair at the meeting at the London Tavern, which proved so critical a turning-point in the contest. Mr. Hankey's services were at the time regarded as invaluable, and, though not mentioned by Mr. Walpole, they are gratefully remembered by every member of Lord Russell's family who is old enough to recall the election of 1857. going to his first private school, we read that he "was very good on the road and very pleasant," and his amiability of temper only increased with years. It is hardly an exaggeration to say that no one ever saw him angry. He was incapable of being worried. Political cares never spoiled his sleep. At a critical moment in Irish affairs he could find distraction at the opera. His spirits were equable. He was cheerful, and full of fun. He went much into society and enjoyed it. Two entries, taken at haphazard from Lady Russell's diary, will show that he was no recluse: 1842. A frequent, though by no means an Yet even at Westminster, probably the inseparable accompaniment of high courmost brutal school in England at a time age is good temper, and this gracious when all schools were brutal," the brave, quality Lord Russell possessed in a sindelicate little boy," as Mr. Walpole hap-gular degree. When he was a little boy, pily calls him, "takes his flogging and fag. ging without a murmur or a complaint." While still a frail lad he rode alone and unprotected across Spain; and all through his early life, though we often find the fact of disabling illness recorded, we never hear a word of complaint, or repining, or gloomy apprehension. And his physical courage was only the counterpart of his moral intrepidity. Politically, he did not know what fear meant. Sydney Smith's jokes about his self-reliance are so well known that it is a point of literary honor not to quote them again. But they hardly overstate the moral courage of the young politician, who, when not yet a member of the Cabinet, calmly addressed himself to the task of reconstructing the Parliamentary constitution of England, and carried his undertaking to a successful issue. Exactly the same moral quality was observ. able in his Parliamentary course and in his relations with constituents. Alike in the House and in the country, he was beaten again and again. Yet he never seemed to realize defeat, and never spent his strength in idle lamentation over actual or expected disaster. Perhaps this admirable quality of British pluck was never so signally or so effectively manifested as in his election for the City in 1857. Mr. John Abel Smith, his most prominent supporter, had declared that if he found a proposer and seconder in the City, he would not poll a third vote. But, nothing daunted, the Feb. gallant old gentleman faced his foes, and by the admirable,tact and fun of his memorable speech about the shabbiness of dis Jan. 17. John at great Lord Mayor's Dinner. 66 28. Settled in town. Feb. 66 29. Both dined at Holland House. 1. John to luncheon at Duke of Sus- 2. John dined with Clothworkers. I at Lansdowne House, where he came. 3. Opening of Parliament. 66 4. Dinner at Lansdowne House. 46 66 5. John dinner at Fox Club. 6. Dinner at Holland House. 8. John dined at Reform Club. 11. Dinner at Berry's. 66 12. Party at Palmerston's. 13. Dinner at Holland House. 1849. I. Opening of Parliament. 3. John dined at Lansdowne House. Feb. 7. John dined at Trinity House. 66 10. John dined with Speaker. 14. Cabinet dinner at Chancellor's. 20. Ball at Lady Ellesmere's. Etc., etc. In all such social gatherings, Lord Russell's faculty of enjoyment and love of humor made him, quite apart from his position and influence, a welcome guest. His fun was closely allied with a verbal felicity which was akin to wit. His definition of a proverb has passed into universal speech. His repartee to Sir Francis Burdett about the "cant of patriotism," has been pronounced by Mr. Gladstone the best that he ever heard in Parliament. In letter-writing, though sometimes rather too diffuse, he was always clear and forcible, and his shorter letters, such as those to the Dean of Hereford, Lord Westminster, and Lady Palmerston, which Mr. Walpole quotes, were absolute gems of composition. All these gifts-wit, humor, playfulness, high spirits - were the Igraceful | accessories of a nature essentially warm, tender, and true. To his wife and children, and to those who knew him well, nothing has been more amazing than the prevalence in the public mind of the notion, memorably expressed by Lord Lytton in the "New Timon," that his temperament was cold and repellent. That such a notion should ever have become current is an illustration of the unfortunate magic of manner. It is touching to know that, within three months of his death, he said to his wife, I have sometimes seemed cold to my friends, but it was not in my heart." They who knew that heart need no such assurance. It may perhaps be considered that though Mr. Walpole has, in the main, shown excellent judgment in the arrangement of his narrative, he has expanded the central portion to the undue curtailment of the closing scenes. I hope it will not be presumptuous if I try to remedy this defect by a few touches of personal recollection. The close of Lord Russell's life was spent at Pembroke Lodge, a long, rambling structure in a corner of Richmond Park, its white walls obscured by creeping plants, and its bay-windows opening on a garden made cool and dim by forest-trees. Here twice a week the veteran statesman welcomed his friends with the genial though punctilious courtesy which he learned at Woburn and at Holland House when the century was young. The central figure of the group was one with which the present generation is familiar chiefly through Leech's sketches. seemed as if they should belong to a tall The ponderous head and wide chest still figure and an athletic frame. The broad forehead and the clear blue eyes still carried with them their old air of gentle dig. nity. The hair was whiter and thinner than in the well-known portrait by Sir Francis Grant; the skull-cap and Bath chair had replaced the white beaver hat and iron-grey hack which an earlier generation will recall. But the smile was as bright as ever, the voice as strong, and the eyesight still so clear that no spectacles were required for the never-forgotten task of reading the evening papers by candlelight. It was in reading that Lord Russell's last days were chiefly passsd. The weight of eighty years, pressing on a constitution never very robust, had made him so far an invalid that the only exercise which he could take was a promenade in a Bath chair when the sun was warm. He slept well, and had a hearty appetite; but much talking tired him, and his day was chiefly spent among his books. To read a few pages, to chew the cud of what he had read, to resume his reading and to carry on this process for hours at a stretch, was Lord Russell's conception of study. And the range of books which it covered was wide. History, classical and modern, was perhaps his favorite subject; but Latin, Italian, and French literature afforded him a constant delight; and few branches of knowledge had altogether escaped his attention. Thus in peace and dignity that long life of public and private virtue neared its close; in a home made bright by the love of friends and children, and tended by the devotion of her who for more than fiveand-thirty years had been the good angel of her husband's house. The patience and fortitude which, through a long and arduous career, had never failed, found the fullest scope for their exercise amid the trials inseparable from advancing years. The cheerfulness and love of fun which had enlivened the tedium of office were none the fainter or dimmer for physical weakness and decay. The sturdy courage which had breasted so many obstacles proved an enduring support in the immediate prospect of the mortal change, and of the splendida arbitria which follow it. Thrice happy is the man of whom it can be truly said that, in spite of bodily in firmity and the loss of much that once an unmitigated patience which helped him made life enjoyable, he still Finds comfort in himself and in his cause, GEORGE W. E. RUSSELL. From Macmillan's Magazine. THE INCARNATION OF KRISHNA MULVANEY. to win fights. How Ortheris, a fox-terrier They desired no companionship beyond their own, and evil it was for any man of the regiment who attempted dispute with them. Physical argument was out of the ONCE upon a time, and very far from question as regarded Mulvaney and the this land, lived three men who loved each Yorkshireman; and assault on Ortheris other so greatly that neither man nor wom- meant a combined attack from these twain an could come between them. They were a business which no five men were anxin no sense refined, nor to be admitted to ious to have on their hands. Therefore the outer door-mats of decent folk, because they flourished, sharing their drinks, their they happened to be private soldiers in tobacco, and their money; good luck and her Majesty's army; and private soldiers evil; battle and the chances of death; life of that employ have small time for self- and the chances of happiness from Caliculture. Their duty is to keep them-cut in southern, to Peshawur in northern selves and their accoutrements speck- India. Through no merit of my own it lessly clean, to refrain from getting drunk was my good fortune to be in a measure more often than is necessary, to obey their admitted to their friendship—frankly by superiors, and to pray for a war. All Mulvaney from the beginning, sullenly and these things my friends accomplished; with reluctance by Learoyd, and suspiand of their own motion threw in some ciously by Ortheris, who held to it that fighting-work for which the army regula- no man not in the army could fraternize tions did not call. Their fate sent them with a red-coat. "Like to like," said he. to serve in India, which is not a golden "I'm a bloomin' sodger-he's a bloomin' country, though poets have sung other civilian. 'Taint natural - that's all." wise. There men die with great swiftness, But that was not all. They thawed proand those who live suffer many and curi-gressively, and in the thawing told me ous things. I do not think that my friends more of their lives and adventures than I concerned themselves much with the so- am likely to find room for here. cial or political aspects of the East. They Omitting all else, this tale begins with attended a not unimportant war on the the lamentable thirst that was at the benorthern frontier, another one on our ginning of first causes. Never was such western boundary, and a third in Upper a thirst - Mulvaney told me so. They Burma. Then their regiment sat still to kicked against their compulsory virtue, recruit, and the boundless monotony of but the attempt was only successful in the cantonment life was their portion. They case of Ortheris. He, whose talents were were drilled morning and evening on the many, went forth into the highways and same dusty parade-ground. They wan- stole a dog from a civilian-videlicet, dered up and down the same stretch of some one, he knew not who, not in the dusty white road, attended the same army. Now that civilian was but newly church and the same grog-shop, and slept connected by marriage with the colonel in the same lime-washed barn of a bar- of the regiment, and outcry was made from rack for two long years. There was Mul-quarters least anticipated by Ortheris, vaney, the father in the craft, who had and, in the end, he was forced, lest a served with various regiments from Ber- worse thing should happen, to dispose at muda to Halifax, old in war, scarred, reck-ridiculously unremunerative rates of as less, resourceful, and in his pious hours promising a small terrier as ever graced an unequalled soldier. To him turned for help and comfort six and a half feet of slow-moving, heavy-footed Yorkshireman, born on the wolds, bred in the dales, and educated chiefly among the carriers' carts at the back of York railway station. His name was Learoyd, and his chief virtue one end of a leading-string. The pur- 2 Be and the SUSC being "the best soldier of his inches" in the regiment. Mulvaney had taught personal cleanliness and efficiency as the first articles of his companions' creed. "A dherty man," he was used to say, in the speech of his kind, "goes to clink for a weakness in the knees, an' is coort-martialled for a pair av socks missin'; but a clane man, such as is an ornament to his service - a man whose buttons are gold, whose coat is wax upon him, an' whose 'coutrements are widout a speck - that man may, spakin' in reason, do fwhat he likes an' dhrink from day to divil. That's the pride av bein' dacint." We sat together, upon a day, in the shade of a ravine far from the barracks, where a water-course used to run in rainy weather. Behind us was the scrub jungle, in which jackals, peacocks, the grey wolves of the North Western Provinces, and occasionally a tiger estrayed from central India, were supposed to dwell. In front lay the cantonment, glaring white under a glaring sun; and on either side ran the broad road that led to Delhi. as winkin'. Go along an' get it, an' get peacockses or somethin'.' "Jock?" said Mulvaney, turning to Learoyd, who was half asleep under the shadow of the bank. He roused slowly. "Sitha, Mulvaaney, go,” said he. And Mulvaney went; cursing his allies with Irish fluency and barrack-room point. "Take note," said he, when he had won his holiday, and appeared dressed in his roughest clothes with the only other regimental fowling-piece in his hand. "Take note, Jock, an' you Orth'ris, I am goin' in the face av my own will-all for to please you. I misdoubt anythin' will come av permiscuous huntin' afther peacockses in a desolit lan'; an' I know that I will lie down an' die wid thirrrst. Me catch peacockses for you, ye lazy scutts - an' be sacrificed by the peasanthry- Ugh!" He waved a huge paw and went away. At twilight, long before the appointed hour, he returned empty-handed, much begrimed with dirt. "Peacockses?" queried Ortheris from the safe rest of a barrack-room table whereon he was smoking cross-legged, Learoyd fast asleep on a bench. It was the scrub that suggested to my mind the wisdom of Mulvaney taking a day's leave and going upon a shooting'Jock," said Mulvaney without answertour. The peacock is a holy bird through-ing, as he stirred up the sleeper. "Jock, out India, and whoso slays one is in can ye fight? Will ye fight?" danger of being mobbed by the nearest villagers; but on the last occasion that Mulvaney had gone forth, he had contrived, without in the least offending local religious susceptibilities, to return with six beautiful peacock skins which he sold to profit. It seemed just possible then 66 An'a pea what Very slowly the meaning of the words communicated itself to the half-roused man. He understood - and again might these things mean? Mulvaney was shaking him savagely. Meantime the men in the room howled with delight. There was war in the confederacy at last war and the breaking of bonds. "But fwhat manner av use is ut to me goin' out widout a dhrink? The ground's Barrack-room etiquette is stringent. On powdher-dhry under foot, an' ut gets unto the direct challenge must follow the direct the throat fit to kill," wailed Mulvaney, reply. This is more binding than the ties looking at me reproachfully. of tried friendship. Once again Mulvaney cock is not a bird you can catch the tail repeated the question. Learoyd answered av onless ye run. Can a man run on by the only means in his power, and so wather an' jungle-wather too? swiftly that the Irishman had barely time Ortheris had considered the question in to avoid the blow. The laughter around all its bearings. He spoke, chewing bis increased. Learoyd looked bewilderedly pipe-stem meditatively the while : at his friend-himself as greatly bewil dered. Ortheris dropped from the table because his world was falling. "Go forth, return in glory, An' round these bloomin' temples 'ang You better go. You ain't like to shoot yourself not while there's a chanst of liquor. Me an' Learoyd 'll stay at 'ome an' keep shop case o' anythin' turnin' up. But you go out with a gas-pipe gun an' ketch the little peacockses or somethin'. You kin get one day's leave easy "Come outside," said Mulvaney, and as the occupants of the barrack-room prepared joyously to follow, he turned and said furiously: "There will be no fight this night-onless any wan av you is wishful to assist. The man that does, follows on.' No man moved. The three passed out into the moonlight, Learoyd fumbling with the buttons of his coat. The paradeground was deserted except for the scur |