. . PAGE Children in Exile, by James T. Fields 316 Midsummer Eve: a Fairy Tale o Love, by Mrs. S.C. Eighteen Hundred Forty-seven. A Lay for the Old and Narrative of William Wells Brown, a Fugitive Slave. Epitaph, by Ebenezer Elliott 371 February Stanzas, by Ferdinand Freiligrath On Large and Small Farms, and their Influence on the French Patriotic Songs. The Marseillaise Hymn and Repeal or Rerolution, a glimpse of the Irish Future in Game Laws Abroad. From the Harz. A True Story. Sketches of Protestantism in Italy, Past and Present, The Aristocracy of Britain and the Laws of Primo Lines written on the shores of the Frith of Clyde, by 384 The Artist's Married Life, being that of Albert Durer, New Year Verses, by Goodwyn Barmby translated from the German of Leopold Shefer, by Mrs. Offerings from tbe Old World to the New by English. women, by M.C. The Black Book of the Aristocracy 286 Scene near the Hotel des Invalides in Paris, written in The Family Joe Miller, a Drawing-Room Jest-Book 46 September, 1847, by William Kennedy 190 The Female Poets of Great Britain Chronologically Ar- ranged with copious selections and critical remarks, Sonnet on Free Trade promised in 1819, by Ebenezer by Frederic Rowton, author of "The Debater,” Capital Punishment Reviewed," etc.. Sonnet on the Third French Revolution, by Ebenezer The History and Object of Jewellery, by John Jones 364 Elliott 189 The Land for the Labourers and the Fraternity of Na Sonnet.-Samuel Wilderspin, by W.C. Bennett tions, translated from the French, by Thomas Cooper 348 Sonnets, by Anne C. Lynch, New York 78 54 46 The Chronicle of a Ragged Rascal, by E. Youl 266, 277, 299 The Princess, a Medley, by Alfred Tennyson 28 The Fire of Driftwood, by Professor Longfellow The Singer's First and Second Books for Common Schools. The First of May, by Edward M. Collins The Sacred Lyrist, by J. and H. Bird, Boston, U.S. 332 The Milliner 46 The Whole Art of Making British Wines, Cordials, and The Pilgrims of the World, by William Howitt Liqueurs in the greatest Perfection 318 The Poor Maiden and the Angels, by Mrs. E. S. Craven Three Letters on Sanitary Reform and Agricultural Im- Green 142 92 Little Village, the, and Great America The Sin of Suffering, by William Kennedy 124 85 Memoir of Ferdinand Freiligrath, by William Howitt 336 The Songs of Zion, by William Kennedy Two Sonnets, by Henry Frank Lott National Defences, our, the Rats in the Stack, by William Village Pastorals, by Richard Howitt New England, a Peep at the Interior of, by W. Hincks, -- II. The Old Priest and the New. 156 391, 403 We Know Better, by Henry Sutton, Author of “The New Year's Eve in different Nations What the Beggar said, by Edward Youl Organization of Labour, by Louis Blanc, abridged and Poor, the, and the Poor Laws Remarkable Dreams, Warnings, and Providences, 136, 157, 389 Royal Clock at Courtworshipton, the, translated from the Poet's Mission, the, by Henry Sutton, Author of “ The Introduction, by William Howitt 114 Scenes and Characters from the First French Revolution, No. I. Robert Nicoll, by Dr. Smiles 133 translated for “Howitt's Journal," from Lamartine's Histoire des Girondins, 99, 118, 140, 149, 165, 217, - III. Thomas Cooper, Author of “ The Purgatory of 226, 242 Sepulchre, the. Free Exhibition IV. Samuel Bamford, by Dr. Smiles 328, 345 Servants and Servitude, by James Beal - V. 368 Soldier's Skull, a, or the Murders of Discipline, by R. H. 139 Sportsman's, a, Adventures in America 360 A Character which should have been in Thompson's Cas. Swedish Lowell, a, by Fredrika Bremer tle of Indolence, by William Howitt 359 Swedish Maid-Servant, a, by Fredrika Bremer A Dream and a Warning, by Edward Youl 174 306 327 Then and Now—John Huss before the Council of Con. 34 390 374 Visits to Remarkable Places, by William Howitt. 89 153 189 116 . . ILLUSTRATIONS. Engrarers. Artists. Engraver's. T. Beech H. Linton. Prison Allowance Kenny Meadows G. Dalziel. W.G. Mason. Thomas Cooper, Author of “The Purgatory of SuiHenry Linton. cides." . H. Anelay Henry Linton. The Robinet Sir Josh. Reynolds G. &E. Dalziel W.J. Linton. Students and Student Life H. Harrison. Abroad Sargeant. Alfred Harral The Favourites Marshall Claxton Thomas Gilks. G. Measom. Game Laws Abroad W. G, Mason. The Tangled Skein. A KnotHenry Linton. ty Question. Marshall Claxton Thomas Gilks. Alfred Harral. The Sepulchre Marshall Claxton Thomas Gilks. H. Harrison. Ferdinand Freiligrath Karl Hartmann Alfred Harral. Alfred Harral. Girl at the Spring Alfred Harral. G. Measom. Hot Bread and Milk . W. Hunt. Alfred Harral. W. Measom. Pestalozzi in his School H. Bendel Thomas Gilks. Mary Howitt Margaret Gillies Alfred Harral. W. G. Mason WEEKLY RECORD. Aprel 22. April 29. Alarming Condition of the Country. January 8. February 26. The Church Plundering the Meeting House Progress of Social Reforms :--Pious Thieves. I. The Icarians. Annual Festival of the Co-operative League II. Upholsterers' Institute. A Good Example in the Manchester Cor III. Peace Society. National Defenporation, ces. Progress of the Emancipation Principle in IV. Early Closing Movement in HaVirginia. wick. Bath Lodges of Odd Fellows. V. Progress of the Early Closing Movements of Progress in Canterbury. A Movement in Glasgow. Useful Hint to Lecturers. Whittington Club. March 4. Testimonial to William Lovett. Inscription for the Pedestal of the Eques. trian Statue of the Duke of Wellington Free Trade in Literature but not Piracy. at the Royal Exchange. Burnard the Sculptor. Metropolitan Sanitary Commission. New Cut Ragged School. Young Men's Christian Association. May 6. May 13. Condition of the Country. Society. May 20. Letter from Ireland. May 27. The Scarlet Man. son. Ileckmondwicke. January 22. March 11. Arrest of M. Cabet, the Head of the Icarian Communists. Proposed Address to the People of France. The Whittington Club. Medical Testimony to Temperance. Metropolitan Association for Improving Death of William Thom. the Dwellings of the Working Classes. Emigration to Australia. Address from the Peace Society. War. Hackney Literary Institution. Suicide of Dr. Ilorace Wells. Devonport Mechanics' Institution. March 18. Awful Condition of the West of Ireland, days. March 25. Which Nation gocs a-head now? The Baby Jumper. Social Objects of Progress. A Pretty Parliament. Arrival of Mr. Sully, the Icarian. Agent at New Orleans. April 1. Their most Unmajestic Majesties. The Royal Panic. Corporation Opposition to the Public Ilcalth Bill. Pictures of the Present in Ireland, by one Sale of the People's Journal. on the spot. Free Exhibition of British Art Manufac. Hullah's Concert at Exeter llall. tures. Soiree of the Lincoln and Lincolnshire Mechanics' Institution. April 8. Melancholy Event at the Excelsior Community in America, Cringing Royalties. Beware of Treachery. Condition of the Middle and Lower Classes. Free-Labour Cotton. Meetings of the French and Germans of London. April 15. Blood-Guiltiness of Kings. Poplar Working Men's Association. Tea Party of the Miles Platting Mechanics' The Potter-Boy, by J. B. Southwick. Institute. June 3. Frederick Douglass's Newspaper. June 10. Governesses. June 17. June 24. Is most countries New Year's Eve is a festival. In the top, was carried from house to house by young our country the great custom seems to have been maidens, who sang a wassail song, which may be drinking from the Wassail Bowl, which was handed found in “ Brand's Antiquities,” or “ Hone's Every down from our Saxon ancestors. This bowl filled with | Day Book.” Sir Henry Ellis says in his notes to Brand spiced ale, adorned with ribbons and a golden apple at that this cup in the great monasteries was plaeed on No. 53.-VOL. III. JANUARY 1, 1848. the Abbot's table, at the upper end of the Refectory or flinging the glass down upon the pavement, that it may Eating-hall, to be circulated among the community at never be used on any other occasion. With loud virats his discretion, and received the honourable appellation of they echo his good wishes, and march away to pay the Poculum Charitatis. This in our Universities is called same compliment to a few others of their most popular the Grace-cup. The Poculum Charitatis is well trans- Professors. The scene is wild and peculiar, the troop lated by the toast-master of most of the public compa- of students, every one with his torch, forming a train, nies of the city of London by the words “a loving cup." headed by the seniors of their clubs, in their respective After dinner the Master and Wardens drink “ to their costumes, joined by as many other students as please, visitors in a loving cup, and bid them all heartily wel with wild looks, flying hair, and torches flaming in the come.” The cup then circulates round the table, the stormy winds, and followed by a crowd of the miscelperson who pledges standing up whilst his neighbour lanea of the city, marching through the wintry streets drinks to him. at midnight, with shouts and scattered discharges of In general society the New Year's Eve is principally fire-arms—is strange and picturesque. At a distance marked by social parties, which dance the old year out you see the light of their torch-train, confined by the and the new year in, and drink to each other's health narrow streets, stream up into the air like the tail of a and prosperity through the coming year. The Metho-comet, while the successive discharges of guns flash dists in their “ Watch Night” have seized upon a cus across it like lightning. tom of the ancient church, and have engrafted on mo. Within doors all is mirth and enjoyment. There are dern life one of its most picturesque and solemn prac. games played peculiar to this eve. New Year's-eve is tices. They crowd into their chapels for a midnight probably acted in a witty and ludicrous charade, which service, and as the hour of twelve approaches they all occasions much merriment. In one party where we kneel down and remain in silence, watching the de- were, the young men made the charade New Year'sparting moments of the year, and the instant the night. They represented the students drinking and clock strikes twelve, they all rise to their feet, and burst singing, from the Burschen Song-book, a New Year's. forth with a hymn of thanksgiving. From the steeples night song. They then acted them, as pretty well and towers of all the churches, the whole land over, primed with punch and glee-wine, they rushed into the peal forth the bells ringing the old year out and the new streets. The watchman, against whom they ran, raised year in. There is something poetically beautiful in the his staff, and blew his horn, and said his rhyme, but in idea, that at the samə moment the bells from the proud vain, being glad to get away from them. Then the towers of gay cities and the humble turrets of rural scene changed to the room of one of the Professors, village churches are all ringing forth the great fact of who sat at his table waiting for the arrival of the stuthe end of one and the beginning of another year of our dent's torch-train, pretending to be very calm and philives. There is something still more solemn in the losophical, taking up a book to read, but all the while thought of the many thousands of our fellow creatures very fidgetty, lest the Burschen should not pay him who, are at the same moment, listening to these bells that compliment, or should go to others before him. either amidst the gay scenes of evening festivities, or At length a volley was discharged before the house. He awoke from their early slumbers, are reflecting on what started up joyfully, exclaiming, “ Aha! they are there!” the past year has brought them of good or evil, and threw up the window, made his speech, and pledging anticipations of what the coming year shall bring. the youngsters, flung his glass into the street. Happy are they who are prepared to solemnize this ancient custom with the great and beautiful sentiment of sort of negus, and punch, are brought in after supper, There is plenty of dancing going on. Glee wine, a our ancestors of leaving all the animosities of the past and just before twelve o'clock. Every one is on the to perish with the past, and to begin the new year with watch to win the new year from the others; that is, to new heart as well as new hope. New Year's Day is kept in Germany as a thorough the city bell is heard to commence tolling. announce the New Year first. Accordingly, the instant holiday; there is service at the churches; business is at Neu Jahr !” starts from every one's lips; and happy is a stand; and, like Christmas-day, it is far more ob- he who is acknowledged to have made the exclamation served than a Sunday. New-year's eve is perhaps the first, and to have won from all others the New Year. most merry time of the German year. In almost every In every house, at that moment, all over the country, house are parties met to conduct the old year out with is shouted “ Prosst Neu Jahr!” prosst being no German dance and sport. About five o'clock in the evening, the word, but a contraction of the Latin prosit. On one oc, church bells ring, and guns are fired off in all direc- casion, having retired to rest , our servants assembled tions. In this respect every town is filled with as much at our room-door, and awoke us, in order to cry noise of firing and smell of gunpowder as the night of the fifth of November used to be in England. The one that meets you salutes you with the same exclama “Prosst Neu Jahr!” On the following morning, every practice has been forbidden by the authorities; but, tion. except in the chief cities, the authorities are not over active, and the prohibition is little regarded. The police With the glee-wine are brought in, on a waiter, the go about the streets; but in all ordinary towns these are New Year wishes of the family and its friends. These so fat and sleepy, that it is only necessary to be quiet are written in verse, generally on very ornamental gilt just where they are, and everywhere where they are not note paper, and sealed up. When the “ Prosst Neu Jahr!" are guns and pistols discharging. has passed, passed and all have drunk to one anIt is considered a compliment for young men to go other a Happy New Year, with a general touching of For the most and fire a salute in front of the houses of their friends. glasses, these are opened and read. In the University towns, the students, a little before part they are without signatures, and occasion much twelve o'clock, headed by their clubs, proceed with guessing and joking. Under cover of these anonymous torches to the house of the Prorector, and by a volley epistles, good hints and advice are often administered of fire-arms, and a loud vivat, announce the termina" by parents and friends. Numbers of people, who never tion of the year, and wish him a happy new one. The on any other occasion write a verse, now try their hands Prorector appears at his window, makes there a short at one ; and those who do not find themselves suffispeech in acceptance of their compliments, drinks ciently inspired, present ornamental cards, which have happy new year to them, and frequently concludes by all kinds of wishes, to suit all kinds of tastes and cir “ Prosst a |
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