3. What we have learned from the Romans. Love of country. The Romans were willing to endure any suffering, go through any danger, or give up life itself for the sake of their country. Law and order. - They taught the world how to unite tribes and states under a single government. Some forms of the old Roman law are now used. We imitate their architecture and engineering. Our museums are enriched by their works of art, and our libraries abound in books written by their poets, their historians, and their philosophers. No person can be called educated unless he has some knowledge of Roman civilization. Read: Teachers' List: Julius Cæsar, William Warde Fowler. G. P. Put- Foundations of England, chap. III, Sir James Henry Children's List: Ten Boys, Jane Andrews. Ginn & Co. Story of the Romans, Hélène Marie Adeline Guerber. Famous Men of Rome, John Henry Haaren and Ad- 4. What we have learned from the Middle Ages. The Germans, the conquerors and the heirs of Rome. They teach us self-reliance and manly qualities. The village moot the beginning of the American town meeting, and the moots of the hundred and the shire the beginnings of representative government corresponding to our State Legislatures and National Congress at Washington. Relate some of the stories which illustrate traits of the Germans, the Niebelung tales. -- The English, our historical connection with the Roman world. Stories of the hardships of King Alfred in his struggle to unite the Danes and English into one people. Tell how he helped to spread good books; of his just laws. The story of Alfred and the cowherd's wife. The wicked king, John Lackland. The Great Charter. The two main promises which the wicked king made to the barons at Runnymede, he will collect no taxes except by consent of the council, nor imprison men without, by trial, proving them guilty of breaking the laws. The beginning of the English Parliament; - the council consisted not only of great barons and bishops (the House of Lords), but also of men sent by the towns to represent them (the House of Commons). Read: Teachers' List: Civilization During the Middle Ages, chap. v, George History of Germany, chap. 1, Ernest Flagg Hender- Short History of the English People, chaps. I and IV, History of Western Europe, chaps. XVIII, XIX, James Mediaval Civilization, pp. 129-58, Dana Carleton Children's List: Stories from English History, Alfred John Church. Stories from English History, Albert Franklin Blais- A Book of Golden Deeds, Charlotte Mary Yonge. Stories from English History, Henry Pitt Warren. England's Story, Eva March Tappan. Houghton Old World Hero Stories, Eva March Tappan. 5. The motives of discovery. The Crusades promoted trade with the East and developed a love of travel, and when the Turks cut off the northern route, the rising nations of Europe desired to find an ocean route to India, China, and Japan. Read: Teachers' List: English Wayfaring Life in the Middle Ages, Jean A. Discovery of America, chap. III, John Fiske. Hough- Children's List: The Crusaders, Alfred J. Church. The Macmillan Co. 6. Discoveries. Voyages of the Northmen - discovery of America without important results. Marco Polo - knowledge of the Pacific. Portuguese voyages-first great accomplishments of discovery. Columbus - his four voyages his firm belief that the earth was round. Successors of Columbus - proof that America was a new continent. Read: Teachers' List: Discovery of America, chaps. II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, X, Christopher Columbus, chaps. IX, Xv, Justin Winsor. Children's List: A First Book in American History, Edward Eggles- Explorers and Founders of America, A. E. Foote 7. The spirit of conquest. Cortez in Mexico. Francisco Pizarro in Peru. De Soto in Cuba and Florida. By 1574, Spain the only European country which had possessions in the New World. Spanish missions. Read: Teachers' List: Discovery of America, chap. VIII, John Fiske. Children's List: Our Country's Story, Eva March Tappan. Houghton Mifflin Co. Explorers and Founders of America, A. E. Foote and A. W. Skinner. American Book Co. 8. Rivalries of Spain, England, and France. Sir Francis Drake and the Spanish Armada. Jacques Cartier and the French claim to North America. The rivalries and hatreds of the Old World planted in America. Read: Teachers' List: Short History of the English People, chap. VII, secs. Spain in America, chap. XII, Edward Bourne. Pioneers of New France, chaps. III-VIII, Francis Brave Little Holland, William Elliott Griffis. History of the United States, George Bancroft. D. Children's List: Stories from English History, Alfred J. Church. Stories from English History, Albert J. Blaisdell. England's Story, Eva March Tappan. Houghton OCTOBER: THE INFLUENCE OF EUROPE ON OUR EARLY HISTORY THE FRIENDSHIP OF FRANCE BARON D'ESTOURNELLES DE CONSTANT Germans, Englishmen, Frenchmen, - rivals in Europe, have they not known how to make themselves |