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THE LIBRARY: The New English Dictionary
'Saint Joan of Orleans - The Cleaning and

Restoration of Museum Exhibits.'

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NOTES AND QUERIES is published every Friday, at 20, High Street, High Wycombe, Bucks (Telephone: Wycombe 306.). Subscriptions (£2 28. a year, U.S.A. $10.50, including postage, two half-yearly indexes and two cloth binding cases, or £1 158. 4d. a year, U.S.A. $9, without binding cases) should be sent to the Manager. The London Office is at 22, Essex Street, W.C.2 (Telephone: Central 396), where

the current issue is on sale. Orders for back numbers, indexes and bound volumes should be sent either to London or to Wycombe; letters for the Editor to the London Office.

THE

Memorabilia.

Times of Dec. 29 contains an important letter from Dr. Hotson to whom we owe the discovery of the facts concerning the death of Christopher Marlowe. He has found, in his researches at the Record Office papers relating to a lawsuit, about the lease of a house at Stratford-on-Avon, between one Shakespeare and one Burbage; the Shakespeare being John, father of William, and the Burbage a certain William, whom we cannot at present place among the Burbages of Stratford-on-Avon, still less connect with Richard Burbage. Two entries have been discovered: the first, Hilary 1588/9, showing that Shakespeare and Burbage had in 1582 submitted a dispute to arbitration (Badger, Lytton and .arnshurst"

are the names of the arbitrators), in which it had been determined that Shakespeare, the lessor, should give Burbage's lease back to him, and pay him £7. This payment John Shakespeare has refused to make, and Burbage sues him for it, and for £10 damages. The second entry is an order in Easter Term, 1592, declaring execution of the judgment still remains to be performed. After three days of grace Shakespeare is still in default, and the Court awards the execution against him. The money, it is to be noted, was originally appointed to be paid at the sign of the Maiden Hedd."

THE Dean and Chapter of York Minster have decided to give free access to the Minster in this new year. The only excep

tion will be the Chapter House, which will be used as repository for the many treasures of the Minster, and be visited upon payment of a small fee. No fee will be charged for admission to the crypt, but attendance of a verger is required. Vergers will conduct parties round without charge and impart information. The upkeep of the fabric during recent years has cost about £3,000 per annum, which has been provided by visitors' fees. To replace this sum the Dean and Chapter under this new scheme have to look to voluntary offerings. Free access on certain Sundays last summer brought such sums in voluntary offerings as justify the hope that free access all the year round will not impoverish the Minster; nevertheless the Dean and Chapter are appealing for guarantors who will agree, if it should prove necessary, to make up the £3,000. The arrangement is to have a year's trial, and to be made permanent if this turns out satisfactorily.

INDIARANI, the largest and most intelli

gent elephant in the Zoological Gardens was found dead in the Elephant House on Dec. 24. She was a large Indian elephant about 35 years old, who came to the Gardens in 1920, and her biographer in The Times (Dec. 29) relates a curious circumstance concerning her. She worked well carrying children so long as the Indian mahout who brought her over remained with her, but after his departure in the spring of 1922 she turned fractious, refused to work and once bolted back to her stall with a keeper on her back. Since no one could do anything with her an Indian mahout was telegraphed for, and there arrived a young Mahomedan from Assam, Said Ali by name. He formally saluted Indiarani, standing first at her head and then at her tail and then in voluble Hindustani, reproached her for her laziness. In a few minutes he had her under control, and in a week she was at work again, nor ever afterwards gave any trouble. Said Ali, who remained as her mahout for a year, used to talk to her in the Elephant House at night, and, in general, obtained obedience almost by reasoning with her. He also taught the English keepers how to man

age her.

On leaving he spent a year in India and then returned to the Gardens for two more years. Indiarani weighed about three tons and was of immense strength. She died of hæmorrhagic septicaemia.

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