DR. LANG'S EMIGRATION SCHEMES.

FROM Yorkshire, as well as from other parts of the kingdom, we have received such pressing inquiries as to the practicability of Dr. Lang's projects for founding cottier and cotton cultivating colonies in Australia, that we have felt bound to make very close investigations on the subject; and we regret that our conclusions are not so satisfactory as we, and all other friends to Australia, could desire.

Dr. Lang promises that every member of his associations, on payment of 201., shall be entitled to a steerage passage and to sixteen acres of land. With respect to the passage, it is certain that, as he has sent away one or more cargoes of emigrants, these persons have secured their passage for the money. But we find, by inquiries made to us, that he still continues to hold out hopes of inducing the Colonization Commissioners to accept for free passages persons not at present coming within their rules as to age, calling, and fitness. He had the same hopes months ago, while our information leads us to believe that the Commissioners have no intention to relax their rules. But there is another and much more serious difficulty to be overcome, if the Doctor's scheme is to be carried out. We are afraid that the land must be found, surveyed, put up to auction, and purchased, before the shareholders can be put in possession of their sixteen acres, or whatever quantity of land they subscribe for. The question is, has Dr. Lang a title to a single acre of land either in Port Philip or Moreton Bay, or any other part of Australia? We say a title, because, although for every 1007. paid to the account of the Colonization Commissioners in this country Dr. Lang would have a credit for 100l. worth of land, a credit for land, and a title to land, are quite different things. We very much fear that parties who have sailed from this country as partners in Dr. Lang's associations, under the idea of being immediately put in the possession of land, will be disappointed; that they will find that all the work of selecting and purchasing an estate is to be done before they can get upon their land; and we know by experience, that twelve months is a very short time for reducing into possession an unsurveyed government block. The Sydney Morning Herald (July 26th, 1847), in noticing these emigration schemes, of which it expresses a very unfavourable opinion, remarks that no one could understand from the Doctor's pamphlets that Moreton Bay district (which he proposes to call Cooksland and fill with cotton growers) "is already occupied and crammed full of settlers, who are crying out for labour," in the shape of shepherds, hutkeepers, ploughmen, &c. In a very consider able portion of the district the squatters would be entitled to lease and preemption; and, when the sale was open, there would be competition if the land was worth 17. an acre.

The more we think of it, the more we are puzzled to understand how any one can afford to give sixteen acres of land which cost 167., and a passage which costs 201., for 201. Our doubts are strengthened by the form of the receipt given by Dr. Lang. It purports to be for 20l., for a passage to Australia and sixteen acres of land, out of an estate to be purchased, &c., &c. We make these remarks most unwillingly; but the questionings of our friends compel us to speak out. We approve of the theory of Dr. Lang's scheme. We wish that every man paying 207. should be entitled to 201. worth of land; but we have strong reasons to fear that he has been too sanguine, in expecting to obtain an estate of 20,000 acres of fertile available land and a free passage for 1000 persons for every 20,000l. subscribed to his projects. If he could succeed he would confer a great benefit on this country and on the colony, but if he should fail, the unfortunate subscribers would be ruined. As to the plan of growing cotton by free labour in Australia, we have never had nor have our Sydney contemporaries the least faith in it. The questions to be asked by those who think of subscribing to Dr. Lang's societies are simply

these:

1st. What amount of money has been paid in by Dr. Lang to the Colonization Commissioners?

2nd. Has he been reimbursed by the Commissioners the cost of the shipload of emigrants he sent out, or any portion of it?

3rd. Has he possession of any estate in any part of Australia? or has he paid for a special survey of any particular block? or does he know the boundary of any estate purchased or to be purchased?

4th. How soon after landing will a subscriber who has paid his full subscription be put in possession of his lot?

5th. An explanation of the meaning of the doubtful words of the receipt. We e are prepared to do full justice to Dr. Lang's enthusiasm and patriotism, but his sanguine enthusiasm may hurry emigrants into difficulties, from which, at a distance of 18,000 miles, he could not extricate them.

PROJECTED EMIGRATION SOCIETIES.

THE NATIONAL EMIGRATION SOCIETY.-This Society is proposed to consist of an unlimited number of subscribers paying 67. a year, at 10s. a month, for ten years; viz., until they have paid each 601. The first two months' subscription on a thousand shares to be appropriated to purchasing 1000 acres of land in Australia; and the second two months' subscription in sending out as many emigrants as possible for 10007., and so alternately, until 30,000l. worth of land had been purchased, and 30,000l. worth of passages had been paid for emigrants. The emigrants nominated by the shareholders, and selected by the directors, will obtain in the proportion of thirty acres of land, two emigrants, or a man and his wife, at 4s. an acre, viz., 6. a year, and the option of purchasing at from 21. to 31. an acre at the end of the lease. The Society reserve the right of taking possession of any allotment for building land, making compensation to the occupier. These are the leading principles of the Society. For success it is necessary that the land selected should be capable of producing agricultural crops of wheat, or potatoes, or maize, or tobacco, or some other marketable crops that a market be within reach that the emigrants have tools and food, &c., for commencing their labours; say each 201.; that they have at least one colonial instructor to every score to put them in the right way; that they be sober and industrious enough to overcome the first difficulties; that their prospects are sufficient to induce them to stay to the end of the lease, in preference to accepting high wages as colonial servants. For this last purpose, it would be much better to charge no rent the first year, 30s. the second, 31. the third, 67. the fourth, 81. the fifth, 107. the sixth and remaining years; and, on the eleventh year, the freehold to vest in the tenant, or in some similar plan. The only way for a non-resident body to retain occupiers would be allow rent to represent instalments of purchase-money. After all, success would depend on local circumstances being favourable, on the tact and

honesty of the colonial agent, and the selection of emigrants. A colonial act or charter would be indispensable to enable any such association to work. Herds of cattle held in common would be indispensable.

All

THE LONDON AND NEW YORK TRANSIT SOCIETY-Has been established for the purpose of securing the conveyance of its members and their families in the best and cheapest manner. It is to consist of as many single men, women, and married couples as shall make 300 adult subscribers. above four, and under fourteen, to be charged one-half of each adult's subscription. Children under four to go for 5s. each, sleeping with their parents. Payments to commence on Monday evening, March 12th, and continue for seventy-one weeks, at the rate of 1s. a week for each adult, and 6d. for each child above four and under fourteen. But, to accommodate working men, it is optional to pay 8d. per week from the 19th of March to the 14th of May; 18. 4d. a week from that date to the 12th of November, and then 8d. to the 13th of May. Members to be subject to fines and forfeitures for arrears. No member allowed to withdraw, but may transfer. Wealthy parties may subscribe in large sums in order to nominate other parties. A committee to be elected, which will engage and provision a vessel for the whole party. This Society is planned, on principles of common sense, to effect a very desirable object; any assistance we can render shall be cheerfully rendered. The secretary is Mr. Shute, 12, Cecil Court, St. Martin's Lane; and the projector is Mr. D. Devlin, author of the "Home at Sea." NATIONAL PHILANTHROPIC SELF-SUPPORTING EMIGRATION ASSOCIATION (Proposed by Mr. J. H. Hodson, ten years resident in Canada West).-As far as we can understand, this gentleman proposes to raise a capital by 207. shares, to be employed in removing and employing emigrants in Canada. He calculates that 207. will pay the outfit passage, and support for a year one man. The first batch are to be employed in clearing and cultivating for the support of themselves and the second batch of emigrants, who are to arrive at harvest time, and afterwards set to work to do more clearing and cultivating and constructing roads and bridges, and so on; alternate blocks to be retained and sold to defray the expenses of the Society. The emigrants to have their own blocks at the end of a limited number of years without payment beyond their labour. The theory is ingenious, but will 207. pay the passage and support an emigrant for a year? The Canadian Company did not make colonizing At the same time we shall be glad of further information and explanation in a compressed form. Nothing seems allowed for tools or travelling expenses, while we know Government will not give land.

answer.

EMIGRATION FOR THE MILLION BY GERSHOM.-The author of this green pamphlet seems to have read the Times and the Reports of the Colonial Land and Emigration Commissioners, and then, being cursed with fluency of vague ideas and flowing phrases, dashed off two sheets of philanthropic notions for an evening's amusement. Such pamphlets, however well meant, are a perfect nuisance, and good for no one except the printer, the paper manufacturer, and the waste paper dealer. We do not want things of common places on the subject of emigration now, but distinct, detailed, practical plans. Of theory-mongering all men of sense are heartily sick. All that Gershom knows may be summed up in half a dozen sentences. He says:-" Emigration is a capital thing, and there are lots of poor people here: therefore get some ships and ship them off to Australia by hundreds of thousands; all street paupers should be immediately consigned to the receiving ships; police should be empowered to call a cab and send street beggars or match-sellers to the emigrant ships; governesses, needle-women, thieves and weavers, all to be shipped off at a moment's notice;" with much more stuff to the same purpose, without a thought of how the workmen and women, paupers and thieves, are to be employed when they arrive in the land of promise. After all, we do not see why we should say more about the production of a poor creature who actually describes Hood's harrowing, Song of a Shirt as "humorous;" but, having so much to read, it makes us mad to have wasted time over such rubbish.-Thirty-five pages, not a line worth reading!

BENEFITS OF ASSOCIATION.-Generally a person of small capital goes out by himself, and purchases a plot of ground, and this frequently at a distance from a neighbour, and beyond the chance of assistance. This done, he turns. to the land, and, if possible, picks out a clear place for raising a hut: at once difficulties begin-trees must be felled, trimmed, and sawn or hewn into pieces be made, fenced in, and sown; and if all this be accomplished the first year, suitable for the building, and at length put together;-then a garden must great things will have been done. Another year comes, and as great or greater difficulties present themselves; and, unless the emigrant is possessed of perseverance almost beyond what usually belongs to man, the struggle is given up, ending in disappointment, and, it may be, his total ruin; but, should he struggle on in this isolated state with barely the necessaries of life, and separated from society, unless his mind be stronger than his perseverance, he degenerates into a state of almost barbarism.

Now, if a number of emigrants, associated together in accordance with these rules, go out-what the difference, what the advantages?—some could, immediately on arriving at the spot, commence felling trees, others follow them as trimmers, others saw the trunks into proper lengths, others saw these lengths into pieces suitable for building, others build the huts; and for heaving and moving timber when required, there would. be always plenty of hands: others make bricks, others make and sow gardens and clear lands, others dig wells, if required, others collect stock, others prepare meals, and so on. All, fully occupied and with cheerful prospects before them, would be happy, and more so, in knowing their wives and families would join them shortly, and that comfortable homes would be ready for them on their arrival-society kept up, children educated, and Sundays respected. Besides, numbers would be a protection against insult and annoyances from natives, or the ill-disposed; whereas the single-handed. emigrant might not be without these serious drawbacks. Moreover, should four or five associations, from fifty to a hundred each, settle near one another, they would form quite a little colony, from which would arise great advan tages to all.--Rules by Primus.

BREEDS OF CATTLE.-Short horns are the earliest milkers, and in all respects come early to maturity. Herefords are good for plough and to fatten. Devons fatten well, and are good milkers. These are the three principal breeds. Highlanders are too wild for Australia.

No person who believes that there is anything better in this world than mere money grubbing can have visited a colony without seeing that a privi leged class is an evil, a non-trading class a great advantage. What is called the Yankee spirit is an incident to all new countries.

(From the Colonial Church Chronicle.)

“THE ship in which I sailed cast anchor in Hobson's Bay on Sunday, January 23rd, after a happy voyage of 108 days; during which we were most graciously preserved even from the fear of evil, not having encountered a single gale of wind from the time of our weighing anchor at Portsmouth to our arrival at our destination. We were also peculiarly favoured in having for a captain a sincere and fervent Christian, who was ready in every way to promote not only the temporal comfort, but also the spiritual good, of his passengers and crew. We were thus enabled to assemble ourselves together every day, morning and evening, for the reading of the Word of God and prayer; and on Sundays we had always morning and evening service, at the former of which as many of the sailors as could be spared from the management of the ship attended. I am happy to say, that not only the cabin, but also the intermediate and steerage passengers, together with the officers and ship's company in general, showed a disposition to avail themselves of the means of grace thus afforded them. Besides our public service, two of the clergymen who accompanied me had daily classes of the intermediate and steerage passengers, and also of the sailors, for instruction in the Scriptures; and I had one of the midshipmen. The general harmony which prevailed during the voyage, and the absence of complaints at the monotonous character of a sea life, may, I think, be regarded as a testimony to the beneficial efficacy of these exercises. The general improvement in the habits and language of the men under their command was gratefully acknowledged by the officers; and the common sailors declared that they had never been so comfortable and happy in any ship before. There was also reason to hope that some among them were really brought out of darkness into light, and delivered from the bondage of corruption into the glorious liberty of the children of God. It will gratify your Grace to hear that the number of persons who used to partake together of the Lord's Supper could not have been less than forty, comprising individuals of every class on board.

"I mention these things because we are bound humbly to acknowledge the goodness of the Lord our God towards ourselves, and I would encourage others to use the same means in the confident expectation of the same result. I am persuaded that, if the captain and officers be disposed to assist his efforts, a ship presents at least as favourable a field of labour to the ministe. of the Gospel as any ordinary English parish.

"January 28th, we attended divine service at St. James's Church, my unconsecrated cathedral; and I preached, and afterwards administered the Sacrament of the Lord's Supper. The congregation was large, the church being as nearly as possible full; but few remained to communicate, except my clergy and other fellow-passengers. It was also my object at this time, before I was finally settled, to ascertain what was the spiritual condition of Melbourne itself, and what means existed for its improvement. I am sorry to say that the results of my observation and inquiry were far from satisfactory. The Rev. Mr. Thomson had been overburdened with duties and responsibilities, far too great for any single man. Not only was he the only minister of our communion, in a town containing about 12,000 inhabitants, but there was not another in the whole district to the north and east of Melbourne. His only fellow-labourers within the province of Port Philip were the Rev. E. Collins, at Geelong, and the Rev. J. Y. Wilson, at Portland. Hence, besides his ordinary duties in the town itself, he was continually called upon to exercise his ministry on behalf of the settlers and others in the country. To him alone could recourse be had for performing the sacred rites of Baptism, Marriage, and Burial. It may, therefore, be supposed that he could have little, if any, leisure for the pastoral oversight of the people committed to his charge. Our Church has also had great difficulties to contend with, in consequence of a very injudicious and extravagant contract made some years back for the building of St. James's. There was thus entailed upon the congregation a burden of debt which required the most urgent and persevering exertions of those who were attached to our communion to liquidate. This was only accomplished about two years ago; and the pewing and other fittings up were not completed when I arrived. The congregation were then accustomed to assemble themselves in a second church, St. Peter's, which had lately been erected at the opposite end of the town; but the interior of which was, like St. James's, still unfinished. In consequence of these circumstances, while the large proportion of the inhabitants are professing members of our communion, only a very small number were in the habit of attending divine service. The influence of Christian principles was, so far as I could learn, extremely weak and limited; and consequently the standard of morals, even among the higher classes, exceedingly low. The means for the education of the children of the labouring classes were altogether inadequate, and unworthy of our Church. The only school-room which we possessed was a miserable structure of wood, erected close against the wall of St. James's Church. All our other schools in the town were kept in wretched little cottages hired for the purpose. The manner in which the schools were conducted was not satisfactory. There was not one which was equal to a second-rate national school in an English country town. From all that I heard and observed, the maintenance of Christianity among the mass of the people almost wholly depended upon the exertions of ministers of other denominations, several of whom bear the character of faithful labourers and able men. There are in Melbourne three congregations of Presbyterians, all independent of one another; several of Wesleyans, who have a large place of worship in the best situation in the town; one of Independents, and one of Baptists. The best schools for the labouring classes are those belonging to these different bodies.

"During the period of which I am now speaking, I regularly took a part myself in the services of the Lord's Day; I also appointed one of the clergymen who accompanied me from England, the Rev. Mr. Newham, to take the pastoral charge of the eastern half of the town, which is hereafter to be annexed to St. Peter's. By thus relieving Mr. Thomson of a portion of his labours, I hoped to enable him to exercise his ministry more efficiently among the large population which still remained under his care. On Sunday, March 12th, St. James's Church was opened for divine service, and, the congregation being removed from St. Peter's, the trustees of the latter immediately entered into a contract for its completion. St. James's will accommodate about 800 persons; and, on the two Sundays that I continued in Melbourne after its opening, I had the satisfaction of seeing it quite full at the morning service, and very well attended in the evening. In the afternoon the congregation was small. Mr. Thompson, by my request, esta

"On Tuesday, March 21st, we left Melbourne for Geelong, which I was very desirous of seeing. This town is beautifully situated upon a small bay, lying within the larger one of Port Philip, and containing in the township and neighbouring villages a population of three or four thousand. Its growth has been exceedingly rapid, the population being supposed to have doubled itself within the last two years, and it is also a place of considerable commercial importance. Here, as at Melbourne, I found our Church in a very low condition. The Rev. Mr. Collins is quite incompetent to fulfil alone the duties of his arduous and responsible position. His health and energy seem to have been very much impaired by a residence in the West Indies, and at Sierra Leone; so that, although his charge is not so onerous as that of Mr. Thompson, he is not more able to exercise an efficient pastoral oversight of his flock. There is here a beautiful little church, which does great credit to the liberality and energy of those by whose exertions it was erected; but it is very much too small for the present population, being capable of accommodating only about 250 persons; and it is so constructed, that it cannot be enlarged except at a great cost, and to the injury of the proportions of the building. There is also a parsonage-house, and a neat little school-room; but neither the daily nor the Sunday-school was under efficient management.

"Before we made an excursion to Belfast, Port Fairy, a township belonging to a private individual about 120 miles west of Geelong. The settlers upon our route showed Mrs. Perry, who accompanied me, and myself, the utmost hospitality. Indeed, we were entirely dependent upon their kindness for conducting us forward; and on no occasion did we find it fail us. This part of the province is, in a great measure, occupied by Scotchmen belonging to the Presbyterian Church; but they received us with the same cordiality as the Episcopalians, and were equally ready to gather their people to hear the exposition of the Scriptures, and to join in prayer. I took every opportunity of conversing with them upon the condition and habits of the men employed by them; and upon the prospect of providing efficient religious instruction for the shepherds and others. The account which I received was very discouraging; indeed, it is difficult to conceive a state of more hopeless spiritual destitution. The pastoral character of the population in general causes them to be so scattered as to make me almost despair of devising any plan for affording to them the public means of grace. Itinerant clergymen would indeed be exceedingly useful, but chiefly so in respect to the settlers themselves and their immediate households. The shepherds and hut-keepers at the out-stations could, in general, receive little direct benefit from them. My hope is, that, if by God's blessing upon the ministry of the Word among the settlers, they be made to feel the power of the Gospel to their own salvation, they will then exert themselves by the distribution of tracts, and, perhaps, by some lay agency, to promote the salvation of their servants. "In Belfast there is a population of four or five hundred, and there is a rich agricultural district around it, which is portioned out into small farms, so that the neighbourhood is more populous than almost any other part of the province. The people are divided, as is the case everywhere, into a great variety of religious denominations, but there is no bitterness of feeling among them. A neat little weather-board church has been erected by the united contributions of all the Protestant inhabitants, and all are accustomed to attend service there. The prayers and a sermon have been commonly read on Sundays by Dr. Brain, a gentleman who keeps a school there, and is much esteemed by all classes. Once a month the Rev. J. Y. Wilson has gone over from Portland to officiate there. One of my principal objects in visiting the town was to have an opportunity of conversing with Dr. Brain, who had applied to me for ordination, and in whose behalf I had received a very earnest petition from the principal inhabitants, praying me to appoint him to the Chaplaincy. I am thankful to say that the result was very satisfactory. I was much pleased with Dr. B. himself, and also with the zeal and liberality manifested by the people generally. A meeting was called, and was attended by a large number of all classes; and it was agreed, that they should raise 100l. per annum among themselves, to be paid over to me for the maintenance of a minister, and that they should also set on foot a subscription for building schools, which are greatly needed there. Altogether, this excursion was exceedingly gratifying, although it impressed upon me yet more strongly the spiritual destitution of the people, and the necessity of making an immediate effort, lest the next generation should grow up in ignorance of the first rudiments of Christianity. I was pleased and surprised to find so large a proportion of the settlers in this district married men, and their cottages, although sometimes of the rudest construction, exhibiting the neatness and comfort of an English labourer's dwelling.

"After our return to Geelong we made another excursion about fifty miles in a direct northerly direction, to a district occupied almost entirely by English Episcopalian families, from whom I had received an urgent application for a clergyman. I found that, from the absence of a concentrated population at one point, it would not be desirable, at present, to build a church; and it was therefore settled that a cottage should be erected for the clergyman's residence in some central spot, and that he should preach at the several stations in succession. The number of stations is, I believe, thirteen, so that he may visit each four times in the year; and, as the whole extent of his district will be only thirty miles, and many of the stations lie near together, I hope that he may be able to exercise a tolerably efficient pastoral superintendence over the whole, and that, by a judicious scheme, he may be able so to arrange his Sunday services as to afford all an opportunity of attending them, at least, once a month. The settlers of the district of which I have been last speaking have most liberally undertaken to raise, if possible, the whole salary (2001.) of a clergyman among themselves; and, on the understanding that they will do so, I have promised them, from my English Charity Fund, as I call it, 150/. towards the house.

"At Geelong, after much consideration, I determined to appoint an Archdeacon to preside there, and I have selected for the office the Rev. Dr. Macartney. Upon mentioning my intention to some of the most influential members of our community at Geelong, they all at once expressed their cordial approbation, and their willingness to co-operate for the furtherance of the object; and at a public meeting, which was called at my request, resolutions were unanimously adopted to open a subscription for providing a certain proportion of the future Archdeacon's income. I feel that 300l. per annum is a miserable pittance for one holding so important an office, but I dare not, with the small sum at my disposal, undertake to guarantee a larger sum.

(To be concluded in our next.)

EMIGRATION TO AUSTRALIA ON AN ECONO

MICAL PRINCIPLE.

This day is published, with a Map, 16mo, 18. 6d.,
WORKING MAN'S HAND-

ARRANTED to sail from THE WORTH AUSTRALIA, with DIRECTIONS
WARRANTED to sail from

Plymouth the 10th May, for PORT PHILIP and SYDNEY, the remarkably fine, fastsailing, first-class ship "JOHN MUNN," 637 Tons Register, Coppered and Copper-fastened, lying in the London Docks.

This splendid ship has a spacious poop, and upwards of 7 feet in the 'tween decks. She will be fitted up expressly for Passengers, who will be taken for 20 Guineas each, the ship finding excellent provisions, bedding, and

for the FARMER, ARTIZAN, and LABOURER. By G. B. WILKINSON, Author of " South Australia; its Advantages and Resources." JOHN MURRAY, Albemarle Street.

Now ready, and may be had at all the Libraries, in 3 vols. post 8vo, EMIGRANT FAMILY;

all requisite mess utensils forth ship, Early application THE or Be story or in australian Settler.

necessary for choice of berths.

For further particulars apply at the Emigration Office, 4, Barge Yard, Bucklersbury; or THOMAS WOOLLEY, 2, Cullum Street, Fenchurch Street; or J. W. GULL, 4, Brabant Court, Philpot Lane.

Parties proceding by this ship will be afforded every information, gratis, by Gentlemen long resident in the Colonies.

EMIGRATION TO AUSTRALIA.

WITH a view to enable respect

able persons, who are ineligible for a free passage, to proceed to the Australian colonies, at the lowest possible cost, it has been arranged to despatch a line of superior First-class Ships of large tonnage, for the especial accommodation of steerage and other passengers, at an exceedingly low rate of passage money. These vessels will be subjected to the inspection of her Majesty's emigration officers, and will be despatched on the appointed days (wind and weather permitting), for which written guarantees will be given :

These splendid ships have full poops, with first-rate accommodations for cabin passengers, and their 'tween decks being lofty and well ventilated, they afford most desirable opportunities for the accommodation of intermediate and steerage passengers. They will be fitted

and provisioned in all respects on a similar plan to the vessels now being despatched by her Majesty's Colonization Commissioners, and the same dietary scale will be a lopted. They are officered and manned by thoroughly competent persons, and carry duly qualified and experienced surgeons. Other equally fine ships, similarly

fitted, &c., will succeed, and sail on the 1st and 15th of each month from London, and the 11th and 25th from Plymouth. Load at the Jetty, London Docks.

For further particulars apply to the undersigned, who are constantly despatching a succession of superior firstclass ships (regular traders) to each of the Australian colonies.

MARSHALL & EDRIDGE, 34, Fenchurch Street, London.

LIFE ASSURANCE

COLONIAL LIFE

COMPANY. EDINBURGH, 1, George Street. LONDON, 4A, Lothbury. GLASGOW, 25, St. Vincent Place. GOVERNOR-The Right Hon. the EARL OF ELGIN and KINCARDINE, Governor-General of Canada. LONDON BOARD OF DIRECTORS.

The Right Hon. The EARL OF MINTO, Chairman. Alexander Gillespie, Esq., 5, Gould Square. Thomas H. Brooking Esq., 2, Alderman's Walk. John Scott, Esq., 4, Hyde Park Street, Hyde Park. D. L. Burn, Esq., 12, Kensington Palace Gardens. Alex. McGregor Esq., 31, Chester Street, Grosvenor Sq. Peter Ewart, Esq., 82, King William Street.

The Colonial Company affords to residents in India and the British Colonies generally, advantages fully equal to those given by similar Societies whose operations are confined to Europe.

Parties proceeding to the Australian, or New Zealand Colonies, are invited to inspect the rates charged by this Company. JOHN G. AULD, Secretary, London.

London, 4A, Lothbury.

CAPTAINS, VOYAGERS, and EMI

GRANTS will find CORDING'S WATERPROOF GARMENTS the best they can purchase, and indispensable to persons about to push their way where exposure to the elements is the order of the day. A waterproof suit adds vastly to comfort, and is a great saving in the end. As imitations that will not stand hot and cold climates are being offered, observe (for security) the name and address, J. C. CORDING, 231, Strand, five doors west of Temple Bar, and 3, Royal Exchange, facing Cornhill.

family with a good Stock of GUTTA PERCHA SOLES and SOLUTION. From the ease with which these soles can be applied to Boots and Shoes in countries where no shoemaker can be found for miles-their power of keeping the feet perfectly dry, when wading in either fresh or sea water, and thus preserving the body from coughs, colds, and consumption, in lands where medical advice cannot be easily had-added to their great durability and cheapness, render them most essential to the comfort and security of all who purpose sailing to distant countries. In CALIFORNIA they are invaluable.

Gutta Percha Trays, Bowls, Cups, Bottles, Inkstands, Dishes, Plates, Ear Trumpets, &c., are admirably suited for shipboard and emigrants, as they will not break by being even violently thrown down upon the floor.

Any person taking a stock across the seas will find it afford a profitable speculation.

Manufactured by the Gutta Percha Company, Patentees, Wharf Road, City Road, London; and sold by their wholesale dealers in Town and Country.

By the Author of "Settlers and Convicts." London: SMITH, ELDER, and Co., 65, Cornhill.

EIGHTH THOUSAND.-Price 18.; 18. 6d. by Post,

SIDNEY'S AUSTRALIAN HAND

BOOK: HOW to SETTLE and SUCCEED in AUSTRALIA; with a new Chapter on the fallacies of the Wakefield System. By a BUSHMAN.

SELECTIONS FROM "OPINIONS OF THE PRESS." "This is one of the most useful and interesting books that has ever been published on emigration. The author has set down his experience in a blunt, straightforward manner; so methodically arranged that a labourer, small or large capitalist, may easily learn whether he would like the colony at all; and, if he would, what part and what pursuit to choose. Every detail is given, from selecting a ship and an outfit, down to purchasing a Block of sheep, and building a hut in the woods."-Era, Aug. 19.

"This little book is written by one who, to much strong natural sense, and a fearlessness in letting out rough truths, adds a personal knowledge of all that he writes about."-Gardener's Chronicle, Sept. 12.

"This is a little book, but an exceedingly smart and intelligent one. The bushman, in short, does not beat about the bush, but is direct in his statements and decisive in his opinions."-Literary Gazette.

"A capital little book, full of practical suggestions, the result of several years' experience in the bush."Economist, Sept. 12.

"We direct attention to this clever little book, as it shows what classes of persons are likely to succeed as emigrants, and the causes of disappointment and failure." -Bell's New Weekly Messenger, Aug. 27.

"The author is no mere theorist, but goes to the root of his subject in a practical truth-telling manner."-Bath Herald, Aug. 26.

"Mr. Sidney is an amusing writer, and at the same time thoroughly a man of business."-The Tablet, Sept. 2. "We have selected this little guide-book from a large heap of similar works now lying before us, for notice, on account at once of its cheapness and of the trustworthiness and solidity of its information. It is the best and most complete work on its subject which we possess; and

every intending emigrant to Australia will do wisely by investing twelve pence in its purchase."—Athenæum, Sept.

30.

"The Bushman affords a mass of information, not ouly most valuable to the intending emigrant, but likewise worthy of being taken into consideration by the authorities at the Colonial Office."-Dispatch, Aug. 26. "This will be found a very valuable little book."Nottingham Journal, Sept. 8. "The question of How to Settle and Succeed in Australia?" This question, after a perusal of Mr. Sidney's work, founded on a number of years' experience, has been most ably and fairly answered in the most im partial and convincing manner."-Wakefield Journal, Sept. 8.

BOOKS FOR EMIGRANTS. Publi shed under the superintendence of the SOCIETY for the DIFFUSION of USEFUL KNOWLEDGE.

THE FARMER'S SERIES of the

LIBRARY OF USEFUL KNOWLEDGE consists of six volumes, which comprise a Treasury of Information for every husbandman. The Treatises consist of

I. THE HORSE; its History, Breeds, and Management. By WILLIAM YOUATT. TO which is appended, a TREATISE on DRAUGHT, by 1. K. BRUNEL, Esq. The whole illustrated with numerous cuts. In 8vo, bound in cloth, 6s. 6d.

**A Supplement, extending considerably the Veterinary Practice of this work, with other improvements, has been undertaken by MR. W. C. SPOONER, the eminent Veterinary Surgeon of Southampton. It will be sold separately, to accommodate the very numerous pur. chasers of the original edition of the "Horse."

II. CATTLE; their Breeds, Management, and Diseases. By WILLIAM YOUATT. With beautiful Cuts of the Various Breeds, Anatomical Illustrations, &c. In 8vo, price, in cloth, 88.

III. SHEEP; their Breeds, Management, and Diseases. By WILLIAM YOUATT. Illustrated like the volume on Cattle, together with Microscopical Examinations of the various Wools; to which is appended, the Mountain Shepherd's Manual." In 8vo, price, in cloth, 8s.

IV. BRITISH HUSBANDRY, exhibiting the Farming Practice in various parts of the United Kingdom. By JOHN FRENCH BURKE, Esq. Illustrated with numerous Cuts. In two Volumes, 8vo, price, complete with Mr. Cuthbert Johnson's Supplement, bound in cloth, 168.

*** Since these volumes were published, a very considerable advance has been made in Agriculture; various Manures have been more extensively employed; the Guano of the New World, with several other Fertilizers, have been largely imported; improved Machines have been introduced; the Royal Agricultural Society of England has been established; and Science has been still more intimately and successfully blended with Practice than heretofore. These advances having engaged the attention of the Publisher, he determined to furnish the readers of "British Husbandry" with a condensed account of them, in the form of Supplementary Notes to each volume. This Supplement was readily undertaken by MR. CUTHBERT JOHNSON, and has appeared under the title of " MODERN AGRICULTURAL IMPROVEMENTS." For the convenience of the possessors of the early editions of "British Husbandry," it is sold in a separate form at 38.

V. A

MISCELLANEOUS

VOLUME, entitled "HUSBANDRY, Volume III.," but

quite distinct from the others, and comprising the following subjects:

1. REPORTS OF SELECT FARMS in various parts of England, sold separate, in boards, for 3s. 6d.

2. OUTLINES OF FLEMISH HUSBANDRY, by the Rev. W. L. RHAM, separately bound, 1s. 6d.

3. USEFUL AND ORNAMENTAL PLANTING, by Mr. GEORGE SINCLAIR, separately bound, 23. 6d.

4. THE COTTAGER'S MANUAL OF HUSBANDRY, Architecture, Domestic Economy, and Gardening, by J. C. LOUDON, F.L.S., &c., separate, 1s.

5. A PRACTICAL TREATISE ON THE BEST MODE OF MAKING AND REPAIRING ROADS, by CHARLES PENFOLD, Surveyor, a New Edition, enlarged, 1s.

The Volume in cloth boards, 8s.

These six volumes bring within the reach of a very large proportion of all persons employed in Agriculture more and better information than can otherwise be procured, except at a prodigiously greater expense. The "Horse" in particular is now the principal manual on the subject; the Volumes on Cattle and on Sheep are quite unequalled for the information as well as the amusement they afford; and the "Husbandry" comprises a mass of knowledge which could not be expected in so condensed a form. It may be interesting to the Public to know that no portion of the "Farmer's Series" was put to press without the careful revision and approbation of the late Earl Spencer, then Lord Althorpe.

ART OF BREWING.

By

rated by Royal Charter, 1835), 8, Austin Friars, London. The COURT of DIRECTORS grant Bills and Letters of Credit on the undermentioned Branches, viz., Sydney, Maitland, Melbourne, Geelong, Hobart Town, Launceston, and Adelaide, on terms which may be learnt on application, either at their offices, or at their Bankers, Messrs. Smith, Payne, and Smiths. By order of the Court,

WILLIAM MILLIKEN, Secretary.

DENT'S IMPROVED WATCHES

and CLOCKS.-E. J. DENT, Watch and Clock Maker by distinct appointment to the Queen, H. R. H. Prince Albert, and H. I. M. the Emperor of Russia, most respectfully solicits from the public an inspection of his extensive STOCK of WATCHES and CLOCKS, embracing all the late modern improvements, at the most economical charges. Ladies' Gold Watches, with Gold Dials, jewelled in four holes, Eight Guineas. Gentlemen's, with Enamelled Dials, Ten Guineas. Youths' Silver Watches, Four Guineas. Warranted substantial and accurate going Lever Watches, jewelled in four holes, Six Guineas.

E. J. DENT, 82, Strand, 33, Cockspur Street, and 24, Royal Exchange (Clock Tower Area).

ISAAC NEWTON. By Dr. Howard Elphinstone, in 1

Number.-MAHOMET. By John Arthur Roebuck, Esq., M.P., in 1 Number.-CARDINAL WOLSEY. By Mrs. A. E. Thomson, in 1 Number.-SIR EDWARD COKE. By Ed. Plunkett Burke, Esq., in 1 Number.-LORD SOMERS. By David Jardine, Esq., in 1 Number.-WILLIAM CAXTON. By -Stephenson, Esq., in 1 Number.-ADAM SMITH. By William Draper, Esq., in 1 Number.-ADMIRAL BLAKE. By John Gorton, Esq., in 1 Number.NIEBUHR. By Mrs. Austin, in 1 Number.-SIR CHR. WREN. By Henry Bellenden Ker, Esq., in 1 Number.MICHAEL ANGELO. By Thomas Roscoe, Esq., in 3 Numbers.

London: ROBERT BALDWIN, Paternoster Row.

Printed by HENRY DICK WOODFALL, of No. 14, Great Dean's Yard, in the City and Liberties of Westminster, in the County of Middlesex, Printer, at No. 11, Angel Court, Skinner Street, in the Parish of Saint Sepulchre, in the City of London, in the said County. Published by WILLIAM SOMERVILLE ORR, 2, Amen Corner, Thursday, 15th March, 1849. Communications for the EDITORS, and all Advertisements for insertion, to be forwarded to Messrs. WOODFALL and SON, 11, Angel Court, Skinner Street.