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162. Many consider elocution merely as an Proverbs. 1. Humility -ga ns more than accomplishment, and that a desultory, in-pride. 2. Never be weary in well-doing. 3. Exstead of a systematic attention, is all that is pect nothing of those who promise a great deal. necessary. A regular, scientific and progres-4. Grieving for misfortunes, is adding gall to sive course, in this as well as every thing else, is the only correct, effectual, and rapid mode of proceeding. If improvement be the object, whether we devote little, or much attention, to a pursuit, be it mental or manual, system and method are absolutely essential: order is heaven's first, and last law.

mormwood. 5. He, who would catch fisk, must not mind getting wet. 6 He that by the plow would thrive, must either hold, himself, or drive. 7. Idleness-is the greatest prodigality in the world. 8. If the counsel be good, no matter who gave it. 9. Occupation-cures one half of life's troubles, and mitigates the other. 10. We bear no afflictions so patiently as those of others. 11.

163. One of the three sounds of Ch; Let Nature have her perfect work. 12. Soft

which may be represented by tch:
CHANGE; the cheat choked a
child for choos-ing to chop a chump
of chives for the arch-deacon of
Green-wich: a chap chased a [CH in CHIP.]
chick-en into the church, and the churl-ish
chap-lain check'd it for char-i-ty; the Sa-
chem of Wool-wich, chuck-led over the ur-
chin's chit-chat, and snatched his rich peach-

hands, and soft brains, generally go together.

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To speak of Howard, the philanthropist, without calling to mind the eloquent eulogium, in which Burke has embalmed his memory, would be as impossible-as it would be to read that eulogium without owning that human virtue never received a more illustrious manifestation. 'Howard," said the orator, was a man, who traversed foreign countries, not to survey the sumptuousness of palaces, or the stateliness of temples; not to make accurate measurements of the remains of ancient grandeur, nor to form a scale of the curiosity of modern art; not to collect medals, or manuscripts; but, to dive into the depths of dungeons; to plunge in the infection of hospitals; to survey the mansions of sorrow and pain; to take the

es, and pinch'd them to chow-der; the chief of Nor-wich, charm'd by the chaunt-ing of the chirping chough, chafed his chil-ly chin by touch-ing it on the chal-ky chim-ney: three chub-by chil-dren, in Richfield, were each choked with choice chunks of cheese, much of which Sancho Panza purchased of Charles Chickering on Chimborazo. 164. In all cases of producing sounds, ob-guage and dimensions of misery, depression, and contempt; to remember the forsaken; serve the different positions of the organs, and to compare and collate the distresses of and remember, that the running through with all men, under all climes." In the prose the forty-four sounds of our language, is cution of this god-like work, Howard made like running up the keys of an instrument," a voyage of discovery, a circumnavigation to see if all is right: be satisfied with nothing, of charity," and at last-fell a victim to his short of a complete mastery over the whole humanity; for, in administering medicine to subject. Be very particular in converting all some poor wretches in the hospital at Cherthe breath that escapes into sound, when rea-son, in the Crimea, he caught a malignant ding or singing; and remember, that the purer the sound, the easier it may be made; the less will be the injury to the vocal organs, the farther it will be heard, and with the more pleasure will it be listened to. Do not forget the end, the cause, and the effect.

Notes. 1. To produce this most unpleasant triphthongal sound in our language, close the teeth, and, as you suddenly separate them, whisper chu, (u short,) and you will accomplish the object. 2. In drachm, the ch, are silent. 3. Always try to improve the sounds as well as your voice. 4. Quinctilian says, in recommending a close attention to the study of the simple elements, will find many things, not only proper to sharpen the ingenuity of children, but able to exercise the most profound erudition, and the deepest science:" indeed, they are the fountains in the science of

"whoever will enter into the inmost recesses of this sacred edifice,

sound and vocal modulation.

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fever, and died in the glorious work of bene volence. Thus fell the man who

"Girding creation-in one warm embrace,

Outstretch'd his savior-arm-from pole to pole,
And felt akin to all the human race."

Varieties. 1. To promote an unworthy person-disgraces humanity. 2. Read not books alone, but men; and, especially, thyself. 3. The human mind is a mirror-of the incomprehensible Divinity. 4. No one need despair of being happy. 5. The reason, that many persons want their desires, 18-because their desires want reason. 6. Passions-act as wind, to propel our vessel; and our reason-is the pilot that steers her: without the wind, we could not move, and without the pilot, we should be lost. 7. The more genuine-the truths are, which we receive, the purer will be the good, that is found in the life; if the truths are applied to their real and proper uses.

What, then, remains, but well our power to use,
And keep good humor still, whate'er we lose?
And trust me, dear, good humor can prevail,

When airs, and flights, and screams, and scolding—fail e
Beauties-in vain, their pretty eyes may roll;
Charms strike the sight but meril-wins the soul

165. Vowel sounds are all formed in the Proverbs. 1. Youth-indulges in hope; old LARYNX; and, on their emission, the articu-age-in remembrance. 2. One half of the world lating organs modify them into words. These words constitute language, which is used, by common consent, as signs of ideas; or as mediums for the manifestation of thought and feeling: it may be written, or spoken; and the natural results are-books, papers and conversation: by means of which, the conceptions and affections of human minds are made known and perpetuated.

166. Th have two sounds; first a lisping sound; THIN: a thief thirsteth for the path of death, and win-keth at his thank-less thefts, as the a-the-ist doth of the-o-ret-cal truth; forth-with the thrift- [TH in THIN.] less throng, threw thongs over the mouth of Frith of Fourth, and thwar-ted the wrath of the thrilling thun-der; faith, quoth the youth, to the Pro-thon-o-ta-ry, the bath is my berth, the hearth is my cloth, and the heath is my throne.

delights in uttering slander, and the other-in hearing it. 3. Virtue is the only true nobility. 4. To bless, is to be bless'd. 5. Pleasures-are rendered bitter, by being abused. 6. Quarrelswould not last long, if the faults all lay on one side. 7. True merit-is dependent, neither on homage, which vice-renders to virtue. 9. The season, nor on fashion. 8. Hypocrisy is the law-imposes on no one impossibilities. 10. Contempt of injuries, is proof of a great mind. 11. What! hope for honey from a nest of wasps? 12. Shall we creep like snails, or fly like eagles?

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Anecdote. A stranger-went into a church-yard, where two children were setting out flowers on some graves. "Whose graves are these?" said he. Father, mother, and little Johnny lie here." "Why do you set the flowers here?" said the stranger. They looked at him with tears, and said

66

We do love them so."

Human ambition and human policy-labor after happiness in vain;-goodness is the 167. Ventriloquism. In analyzing the only foundation to build on. The wisdom gounds of our letters, and practicing them of past ages-declares this truth;-our own upon different pitches, and with different acknowledge it;-yet how few, how very observation confirms it;-and all the world qualities of voice, the author ascertained that few--are willing to act upon it! If the inthis amusing art can be acquired and prac-ordinate love of wealth-and parade-be not ticed, by almost any one of common organization. It has been generally supposed that ventriloquists possessed a different set of organs from most people; or, at least, that they were differently constituted; but this is altogether a misapprehension: as well might we say that the singer is differently constituted from one who does not sing. They have the same organs, but one has better command of them than the other. It is not asserted that all can become equally eminent in these arts; for there will be at least, three grand divisions; viz, good, BETTER and BEST.

checked among us, it will be the ruin of our
country as it has been, and will be, the
ruin of thousands of others. But there are
always two sides to a question.
If it is per
nicious to make money and style—the
standard of respectability,—it is injurious-
and wrong to foster prejudice against the
wealth-have different temptations; but they
wealthy and fashionable. Poverty-and
are equally strong. The rich are tempted
to pride-and insolence; the poor-to jeal
ousy and envy. The envious and discon-
tented poor, invariably become haughty-
and over-bearing, when they become rich,
for selfishness-is equally at the bottom-of
these opposite evils.

168. The Thistle Sifter. Theophilus Thistle, the successful thistle sifter, in sifting a sieve full of unsifted thistles, thrust three Varieties. 1. The battle of New Or thousand thistles thro' the thick of his leans, was fought Jan. 8th, 1815. 2. A thumb: if then Theophilus Thistle, the suc-flatterer, is the shadow of a fool. 3. You cessful thistle sifter, in sifting a sieve full of unsifted thistles, thrust three thousand thistles thro' the thick of his thumb; see that thou, in sifting a sieve full of unsifted thistles, dost not thrust three thousand thistles through the thick of thy thumb: success to the successful thistle sifter, who doth not get the thistles in his tongue.

Notes. 1. To make this lisping diphthongal sound, press the tongue against the upper front teeth, and let the breath pass between them: or pronounce the word path, and dwell on the th ound; see engraving. 2 To avoid lisping, draw the tongue back o as not to touch the teeth, and take words beginning with s, or st; see the first sound of C for examples. 3. Why should this sound be called sharp, rather than dull? 4. Exactness in articulating every vocal letter, is more important thar correct spelling in eœmposition; for the former is addressed to hundreds at the same instant, hile the latter a subpattel to one or a few at a time.

cannot truly love, and ought not to be loved,
5. Do men exert a greater influence on so.
if you ask any thing, that virtue condemns.
ciety than women? 5. Self-exaltation, is the
worst posture of the spirit. 6. A principle
of unity, without a subject of unity, cannot
exist. 7. Where is the wisdom, in saying to
a child, be a man? Attempt not what God
cannot countenance; but wait, and all things
will be brought forth in their due season.

Deceit! thy reign is short: Hypocrisy,
However gaily dress'd-in specious garb,
In witching eloquence, or winning smiles,
Allures-but for a time: Truth-lifts the veil,
She lights her torch, and places it on high,
To spread intelligence-to all around.
How shrinks the fawning slave-hypocrisy-
Then, when the specious veil-is rent in twain,
Which screen'd the hideous monster-from our view

169. Enunciation-is the utterance and Proverbs. 1. A promise performed, is precombination of the elements of language, and ferable to one made. 2. It will not always be the consequent formation of syllables, words, summer. 3. Make hay, while the sun shines. &c, as contradistinguished from the tones, 4. Cut your coat according to the cloth. 5. Pride and tuning of the voice, and all that belongs costs us more than hunger, thirst, or cold. 6. to the melody of speech. A perfect enuncia- Never spend your money before you have it. 7. tion-consists in the accurate formation of Never trouble another, for what you can do yourthe sounds of the letters, by right motions self. 8. Slanderers-are the Devil's bellows, to and positions of the organs, accompanied by is a lecture to the wise. blow up contention. 9. The loquacity of fools— 10. Vows made in a proper degree of energy, to impress those storms, are forgotten in calms. 11. We must form elements fully and distinctly on the ear; and our characters for both worlds. 12. Progressthe act of combining and linking those to- is the great law of our being. gether, so as to form them into words, capable of being again combined into clauses and sentences, for the full conveyance of our ideas and determinations.

A Puzzle. Here's a health to all those that we love; and a health to all those that love us; and a health to all them, that love those, that love them, that love them that love those that love us.

Anecdote. Half Mourning. A little girl, hearing her mother observe to another lady, that she was going into half mourning; inquired, whether any of her relations were half dead?

170. The second sound of th, is the vocal lisping: THAT; thou saidst the truths are thine, and the youths say they are theirs who walk therein; fath-er and moth-er bathe dai-ly, and their What is Ours. It is not those, who clothes and hearths are wor-thy (TH in THAT.] have riches in their possession, that are realof them; broth-er says, where-with-al shall I ly rich; but they, who possess, and use them smoothe the scythe, to cut the laths to stop aright, and thereby enjoy them. Is he a the mouths of the moths with-out be-ing both-true christian, who has a Bible in his possesered? they gath-er wreaths be-neath the baths, sion, but does not live by the Bible? Is and sheathe their swords with swath-ing he a genuine christian, who reads, but does bands, rather than make a blith-some pother. 171. Jaw-breakers. Thou wreath'd'st and muzzl'd'st the far-fetch'd ox, and imprison'd'st him in the volcanic Mexican mountain of Pop-o-cat-a-petl in Co-ti-pax-i. Thou prob'd'st my rack'd ribs. Thou tri'd'st with his acts, that thou black'n'st and contaminated'st with his filch'd character. Thou lov'd'st the elves when thou heard'st and quick'n'd'st my heart's tuneful harps. Thou wagg'd'st thy prop'd up head, because thou thrust'd'st three hundred and thirty three thistles thro' the thick of that thumb, that thou cur'd'st of the barb'd shafts.

not understand the word, and, from under-
standing, practice it? As well may one
say, that they are rich, who have borrowed
others in their possession.
money from others, or have the property of
What do we
think of those, who go dressed in fine clothes,
or ride in splendid carriages, while nowe of
these things are their own property? Know
ledges, or truths-stored up in the memory,
are not ours, really and truly, unless we re-
duce them to practice: they are like hear-
says of great travelers, of which nothing
standing-does not make the man, but un-
Under-
derstanding and doing, or living accordingly.
There must be an appropriation of know-
ledge and truth-by the affections, in deeds,
or they are of no avail:"Faith, without
works, is dead:" the same principle applies
to a society, and to a church.

more than the sound reaches us.

Varieties. 1. Burgoyne-surrendered,

Notes. 1. To make this diphthongal vocal sound, place the organs as in the preceding th, and then add the voice sound, which can be made only in the larynx. 2 The terms sharp and flat, as applied to sound, are not sufficiently definite; we might as well speak of square, round and dell sounds; at the same time it is often convenient to use such terms, in order to convey our ideas. 3. If you have imperfections of articulation, set apart an hour eve-Oct. 17, 1777, and Cornwallis, Oct. 19, '81. ry day for practice, in direct reference to your specific defects; and so of every other fault; particularly, of rapid utterance: this can he done either alone, or in company of those who can assist you. Sky, mountains, rivers, winds, lakes, lightnings !—Ye, With night, and clouds, and thunder, and a sou

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2. Happy is that people whose rulers-rule in the fear of God. 3. Remember the past, consider the present, and provide for the fu ture. 4. He, who marries for wealth, sells his happiness for half price. 5. The covetous person is always poor. 6. If you would avoid wants, attend to every thing below you, around you, within you, and above you. 7. All the works of natural creation, are ex. hibited to us, that we may know the nature of the spiritual, and eternal; all things speak, and are a language.

He was not born-to shame ;

Upon his brow-shame-is ashamed to sit;
For 'tis a throne, where honor-may be crowned
Sole monarch-of the universal earth

Proverbs. 1. Self-exaltation-is the fool's paradise. 2. That, which is bitter to endure, may be sweet to remember. 3. The fool-is busy in every one's business but his own. 4. We nay give advice, but we cannot give conduct. Where reason-rules, appetite-obeys. 6. You will never repent of being patient and sober. 7. Zeal, without knowledge, is like fire without light.

5.

172. The chief source of indistinctness is precipitancy; which arises from the bad method of teaching to read: the child not be ing taught the true beauty and propriety of reading, thinks all excellence consists in quickness and rapidity: to him the prize seems destined to the swift; for he sets out at a gallop, and continues his speed to the end, regardless of how many letters, or sylla-Might-does not make right. 10. The greater bles, he omits by the way, or how many words he runs together. "O reform it altogether."

8. Law-makers, should not be law-breakers. 9. the man, the greater the crime. 11. No one lives for himself. 12. No one can tell how much he can accomplish, till he tries.

Anecdote. Wine. Said a Rev. guest to a gentleman, with whom he was dining, and who was a temperance, man: I always think a certain quantity of wine does no harm, after a good dinner." "O no sir," replied mine host; it is the uncertain quantity that does the inischief.

173. Wh have one sound; WHALE; wherefore are whet-stones made of whirl-winds, and whip-lashes of whirl-pools? Why does that/ whimsical whis-tler whee-dle the whip-por-wills with wheat? Whi-lom the wheels whipped (WHin WHIP.) the whif-fle-tree, and whir-tle-ber-ries were Winter Evenings. This seems prowhite-washed for wheat; the whim-per-ingvided, as if expressly for the purpose of whi-ning whelp, which the whigs whi-ten- furnishing those who labor, with ample op ed on the wharf was whelmed into a whirlportunity for the improvement of their minds. i-gig as a whim-wham for a wheel-barrow of whis-ky.

174. Causes of Hoarseness. Hoarseness, in speaking, is produced by the emission of more breath than is converted into sound; which may be perceived by whispering a few minutes. The reason, why the breath is not converted into sound, in thus speaking, is, that the thorax, (or lungs,) is principally used; and when this is the case, there is always an expansion of the chest, and consequently, a lack of power to produce sounds in a natural manner: therefore, some of the breath, on its emission through the glottis, over the epiglottis, and through the back part of the mouth, chafes up their surfaces, producing a swelling of the muscles in those parts, and terminating in what is called

hoarseness.

Notes. 1. This diphthongal aspirate may be easily made, by whispering the imaginary word whu, (u short,) prolonging it a Little 2 Since a diphthong is a double sound and a triphthong a triple sound, there is as much propriety in applying the term to consonants, as to vowels. 3. Let the pupil, in revising, point out all the Monothongs, Diphthongs, Triphthongs, and Polythongs. 4. Make and keep a list of all your deficiencies in speech and song, and false intonations; and never rest satisfied unless you can per. teive a progress towards perfection at every exercise,--for all principles are immortal, and should be continually developing

and practice daily for suppressing them: especially, in articulation,

thelaselves.

How sleep the brave, who sink to rest
With all their country's wishes blest!
When Spring, with dewy fingers cold,
Returns to deck their hallow'd mould,
She there shall dress a sweeter sod
Than Fancy's feet have ever trod :
By Fairy hands-their knell is rung,
By forms unseen-their dirge is sung;
There-Honor coines, a pilgrim gray,
To bless the turf, that wraps their clay;
And Freedom-shall a while repair
To dwell, a weeping hermit, there.

The severity of the weather, and the short-
ness of the day, necessarily limit the pro-
industry; and there is little to tempt us
portion of time, which is devoted to out-door
abroad-in search of amusement. Every
thing seems to invite us to employ an
hour or two of this calm and quiet season,
in the acquisition of useful knowledge, and
the cultivation of the mind. The noise of
life is hushed; the pavement ceases to re-
sound with the din of laden wheels, and the
tread of busy men; the glowing sun has
left to watch in the heavens, over the slum-
down, and the moon and the stars are
gone
bers of the peaceful creation. The mind of
man-should keep its vigils with them; and
while his body-is reposing from the labors
of the day, and his feelings are at rest from
its excitements, he should seek, in some
amusing and instructive page, substantial
food-for the generous appetite for know-
ledge.

Varieties. 1. The poor-may be content; and the contented are rich. 2. Hypocrisy desires to seem good, rather than to be good. 3. It is better to be beaten with few stripes, than with many stripes. 4. He who swears, in order to be believed, does not know how to counterfeit a man of truth. 5. Who was the greater monster, Nero, or Cataline? 6. Let nothing foul, or indecent, either to the eye, or ear, enter within the doors where children dwell. 7. We wership God best, and most acceptably, when we resemble him most in our minds, lives and actions.

Home! how that blessed word-thrills the ear!
In it-what recollections blend !

It tells of childhood's scenes so dear,

And speaks of many a cherished friend. O through the world, where'er we roam, Though souls be pure-and lips be kind; The heart, with fondness, turns to home, Still turns to those-it left behind.

175. The pupil, in Elocution and Music, is strongly urged to attend to the right and the wrong method of producing the sounds of our letters, as well as in enunciating words. By all means, make the effort entirely below the diaphragm, while the chest is comparatively quiescent; and, as you value health and life, and good natural speaking, avoid the cruel practice of exploding the sounds, by whomsoever taught or recommended. The author's long experience, and practice, with his sense of duty, justify this protest against that unnatural manner of coughing out the sounds, as it is called. Nine-tenths of his hundreds of pupils, whom he has cured of the Bronchitis, have induced the disease by this exploding process, which ought itself to be explode.

Proverbs. 1. Truth-may be blamed, but never shamed. 2. What soberness conceals, drunkenness-reveals. 3. Be you ever so high, the law is above you. 4 A mob-has many heads, but no brains. 5. A poor man's debt makes a -are always medgreat noise. 6. Busy-bodies ding. 7. Crows are never the whiter, for washing themselves. 8. Good words-cost nothing, and are worth much. 9. He, who payp well, is master of every-body's purse. 10. Our knowledge-is as the rivulet; our ignorance—as the sea. 11. Consider well, before you promise. 12. Dare to do right.

Anecdote. Candor. A clergyman-once preached, during the whole of Lent, in a parish, where he was never invited to dine, and, in his farewell sermon, he said to his hearers, "I have preached against every vice, except good living; which, I believe, is not to be found among you; and, therefore, needed not my reproach."

176. The 44 sounds of our Language, in their alphabetical order. A 4; Ale, are, all, at: B 1; bribe: C 4; cent, clock, suffice, must and will-find a livelihood; nor has Society owes All a Living. Every one ocean: D 2; did, fac'd: E 2; eel, ell: F 2; society the choice, whether or not to provide fife, of: G 3; gem, go, rouge: H1; hope: for its members: for if an individual is not 12; isle, ill: J1; judge: K1; kirk: L1; put in a way to earn a living, he will seek lily: M 1; mum: N 2; nun, bank: 0 3; it by unlawful means: if he is not educated old, ooze, on: P1; pipe: Q1; queen: R2;-to lead a sober and industrious life, he will arm, rough: 84; 8o, is, sure, treasury: T2; pit, nation: U 3; mute, up, full: V1; viv ul: W 2; wall, bow: X3; flax, exist, beaux: Y 3, youth, rhyme, hymn: Z 2; zigzag, azure: Ch 3; church, chaise, chasm: Gh 3; laugh, ghost, lough: Ph 2; sphere, nephew: Th 2; thin, that: Wh 1; whale: Oi 1; oil: Ou 1; sound: the duplicates, or those hav-sistance. While, then, it has the powering the same sound, are printed in italics.

177. "Bowels of compassion, and loins of the mind." In the light of the principles here unfolded, these words are full of meaning. All the strong affections of the human mind, are manifested thro' the dorsal and abdominal region. Let any one look at a boy, when he bids defiance to another boy, and challenges him to combat: "Come on, I am ready for you:" and at the soldier, with his loins girded for battle: also, observe the effect of strong emotions on yourself, on your body, and where; and you will be able to see the propriety of these words, and the world of meaning they contain. If we were pure minded, we should find the proper study of physiology to be the direct natural road to the mind, and to the presence of the DEITY.

Notes. 1. Make these 44 sounds, which constitute our rocal alphabet, as familiar to the ear, as the shapes of our 20 letters are to the eye; and remember, that success depends on your mastery of them; they are the a, b, c, of spoken language; health and voice. 2. Keep up the proper use of the whole body, and you need not fear sickness, 3. The only solid foundation for elocution is, a perfect knowledge of the number and nature of these 44 simple elements: error here will carry a taint throughout.

and the effort to make them has a most beneficial effect on the

Virtue

Stands like the sun, and all, which rolls around,
Drinks life, and light, and glory-from her aspect.

lead a life of dissipation; and if society re-
fuse to take care of him, in his minority, he
will force it to notice him-as an object of
Thus, society cannot avoid
self-defence.
has placed in its bosom; nor help devoting
giving a livelihood to all, whom providence
time and expense to them; for they are by
birth, or circumstances, dependent on its as

to make every one-available as an honest,
industrious and useful citizen, would it not
be the best policy, (to say nothing of prin
ciples,) to do so; and attach all to society,
by ties of gratitude, rather than put them in
in which it will be necessary to punish them
a condition to become enemies; a condition

-

for an alienation, which is the natural consequence of destitution. Schools, found. ed on true christian principles, would, in the end, be much cheaper, and better than to support our criminal code, by the prosecu tions, incident to that state, in which many come up, instead of being brought up; and the consequent expenses attending our houses of correction, penitentiaries, &c. (of which public justice, but of which, on the score of many seem to be proud,) on the score of christian love, we have reason to be deeply ashamed.

Varieties. 1. Will not our souls-continue in being forever? 2. He is not su good as he should be, who does not strive to be better than he is. 3. Genius-is a plant, whose growth you cannot stop, without destroying it. 4. In doing nothing we learn to do ill. 5. Neither wealth, nor power, can confer happiness. 6. In heaven. (we have reason to believe,) no one considers anything as good, unless others partake of it. 7. Nothing is ours, until we give it away. 11 doers--are ill thinkers.

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