142. Many persons take great pains in their dress, to appear well and receive attention; and so far as personal appearance can exert an influence, they attain their end: but if they would cultivate their language, and the proper way of using it, so as not to deform themselves in reading and conversation, they might accomplish the object at which they aim.

143. The second sound of R, is rough,

trilled, or burred; when it comes before vowel sounds in the same syllable: RAIL ROAD; the roa-ring rep-ro-bate re-verbe-rates his ran-cor-ous rib-ald- [Rin RAIL.) ry and re-treats from his re-gal throne, to his ri-val rec-re-a-tion in the rook-e-ry: the oppro-bri-ous li-bra-ri-an, rec-re-ant-ly threw the great grid-i-ron among the crock-e-ry with ir-re-proach-a-ble ef-front-e-ry; the re-sults of which were, ro-man-tic dreams, bro-ken ribs, and a hun-dred prime cit-rons for the throng of cry-ing chil-dren: round and round the rug-ged rock the rag-ged ras-cal drags the strong rhi-noc-e-ros, while a rat in a ral-trap ran through the rain on a rail, with a raw lump of red liv-er in its mouth.

144. Written language is used for communicating information respecting persons distant from each other, and for transmitting, to succeeding ages, knowledge, that might otherwise be lost, or handed down by erring tradition. Spoken language-is used to convey the thoughts and feelings of those who are present, and are speaking, or conversing together: the former is, of course, addressed to our eyes, and the latter, to our ears; each kind having its own particular alphabet,

which must be mastered.

Notes. 1. This vocal trilled diphthongal sound, consists of the aspirate sound of A, modified between the end of the tongue and the roof of the mouth, combined with a vocal. 2. Or, make the name sound of r, and mix it with the aspirate, by clapping the tongue against the roof of the mouth; practice prolonging her, er purr in a whisper, trilling the r, then add the voice sound; af terwards prefix the i, and exercise as above. 3. Demosthenes, in the early part of his career, was reproached for not being able to pronounce, correctly, the first letter of his favorite art-Rhetoric: s. e. he could not trill it for some time. 4. Give only one trill or clap of the tongue, unless the sentiment be very animating; asRise-brothers, rise! etc. "Strike! till the last armed foe expares,"

145. Another. The riven rocks are rudely rent asunder, and the rifted trees rush along the river, while hoa-ry bo-re-as rends the robes of spring, and rat-tling thunder roars around the rock-y re-gions: Robert Rowley rolled a round roll round; a round roll, Robert Rowley rolled round; where rolled the round roll, Robert Rowley rolled round!

Didst ever see Two gentle vines, each-round the other twined, So fondly, closely, that they had become,

Ere their growth, blended together
Into one single tree?

Proverbs. 1. He, who resolves to amend, has God on his side. 2. Honest men are soon bound; but you can never bind a knave. 3. If the best man's faults were written on his forehead, it would make him pull his hat over his eyes. 4. Life is half spent, before we know what it is. 5. Of the two evils, choose the least. 6.

One bad example spoils many good precepts 7.

Patience is a plaster for all sores. 8. He who serves well-need not be afraid to ask his wages.

9. If you will not hear reason, she will rap you

over your knuckles. 10. Prayer should be the key of the day, and the lock of the night. 11. Foul water will quench fire. 12. From ucehing -nothing can come.

Anecdote. Spinster. Formerly, it was a maxim, that a young woman should never be married, till she had spun, herself, a full set of linen. Hence, all unmarried women have been called spinsters: an appellation they still retain in certain deeds, and law proceedings; though many are not entitled to it.

Mathematics-includes the study of numbers and magnitudes: hence, it is called the science of gravity; and is applicable to all quantities, that can be measured-by a standard unit, and thus expressed by numbers and magnitude. Feeling and thought, though they vary immensely, cannot be measured: we cannot say, with strict propriety, that we love one-exactly twice as much as another; nor, that one is three times as wise as another: because love and wisdom are not mathematical quantities: but we can measure time by seconds, minutes, hours, days, weeks, months, years, and centuries; space by inches, feet, yards, rods, and miles; and motion, by the space passed

over in a given time.

Varieties. 1. Was the world created out of nothing? 2. Fools-draw false conclusions, from just principles: and madmen draw just conclusions, from false principles. 3. The discovery of what is true, and the practice of what is good, are the two most important objects of life. 4. Associations-between persons of opposite temperaments, can neither be durable, nor productive of real pleasure to either party. 5. Where grace cannot enter, sin increases and abounds. 6. The spontaneous gifts of heaven, are of high value; but perseverance -gains the prize. 7. When the will-becomes duly resigned to God, in small things, as well as great ones, all the affections will be reduced into their proper state, in their proper season.

The wretch, condemn'd with life to part,
Still, still on hope relies,

And every pang, that rends his heart,
Bids expectation rise.

Hope, like the glimmering taper's light,
Adorns-and cheers his way,

And still, as darker grows the wight.
Emits a brighter ray.

151. Two of the three sounds of X: first, name sound; or ks, when at the end of accented syllables, and often when it precedes them; if followed by an abrupt conso

nant. AXE: the cox-comb ex- [X in AXE.] pe-ri-en-ces the lux-u-ry of ex-pa-ti-a-ting on the ex-plo-sion of his ex-ces-sive ex-al-ta-tion of the bux-om fair sex; being anx-ious to ex-plain the or-tho-dox-y and het-o-dox-y of Ex-ag-o-nus, the ex-pos-i-ter ex-po-ses the ex-ploit, of ex-pect-ing to ex-plain how to ex-crete ex-cel-lent texts by ex-cru-ci-a-ting the wax of the ex-cheq-uer.

152. A good articulation-consists in giving to every letter in a syllable, its due proportion of sound, according to the best pronunciation; and, in making such a distinction between the syllables, of which words are composed, as that the ear, without difficulty, shall acknowledge their number, and perceive, at once, to which syllable each letter belongs. When these things are not observed, the articulation is in that proportion, defec

Proverbs.

would come out.

. If better were within, tetter 2. Jests, like sweetmeats, have

6.

often sour sauce. 3. Keep aloof from quarrels; be neither a witness, nor a party. 4. Least said, the soonest mended. 5 Little boats should keep near shore; greater ones may venture more. Some are more nice than wise. 7. Make a wrong step, and down you go. 8. We all live and learn. 9. Riches, (like manure,) do no good, till they are spread. 19. Silks and satins often put out the

kitchen fire. 11. Some-would go to the devil, if they had authority for it. 12. Love virtue, and abhor vice. 13. Good counsel has no price.

Anecdote. Matrimony. A father, wishing to dissuade his daughter from all thoughts of matrimony, quoted the words: "She who marries, doeth well; but she who marries not, doeth better." The daughter, meekly replied, "Father, I am content to do well; let those do better, who can."

Boundaries of Knowledge. Human reason-very properly refuses to give its assent to any thing, but in proportion as it sees how that thing is, or is done. Now, there are three directions-in natural science, which are attended with their difficulties. The astronomer-sees- and feels a difficulty-in getting from the solar system-to the universe; the chemist, in proceeding from matter to its mysterious essence; and the physiologist, in advancing from the body to the soul; three kingdoms of knowledge-bordering on kingdoms-unknown to natural science. Without reason, man could never become elevated above his senses, and, consequently, could not become a rational and intellectual being, and, of course, not MAN, in the true sense of the term. But our minds are so constituted, that after hav

to have recourse to a painful attention. A good articulation is the foundation of good delivery: as the sounding of the musical notes with exactness, is the foundation of good singing.

153. Play upon Xes. Charles X. x-king of France, was xtravagantly xtolled, but is xceedingly xecrated. He xperienced xtraordinary xcellence in xigencies; he was xcellent in xternals, but xtrinsic in xtacy; he was xtatic in xpression, xtreme in xcitement, and xtraordinary in xtempore xpression. He was xpatriated for his xcesses, and, to xpiate his xtravagance, was xcluded, and xpired in xpulsion.

Notes. 1. To produce this diphthongal aspirate sound, whisper the word kiss, and then repeat it, and leave out the i; k's: one of the most unpleasant sounds in our language. 2. Since the word diphthong merely signifies a double sound, there is no impropriety in calling double consonants, diphthongs, as we do certain verwels. 3. All critical skil? 'n the sound of language, has its foundation in the practical knowledge of the nature and properties of these elements: remember this and apply yourself accordingly. 4 In all cases, get the proper sounds of letters, as given in the hey words, or first examples,

To err is human, to forgive-divine.

can elevate itself, by a power, constantly given by God, to the lower boundaries of spirit, where it touches upon matter, and then, by its derived powers, ascend step by step, to the great I AM; whom to know aright, and whom to love supremely, is the chief good of man.

Varieties. 1. When man sins, angels WEEP, and devils REJOICE. 2. True polite. ness, springs from the heart. 3. What is that, which makes every body sick, except those who swallow it? Flattery. 4. Science has no enemy, but ignorance. 5. Be not too brief in conversation, lest you be not understood; nor too diffuse, lest you be troublesome. 6. Simplicity, and modesty, are among the most engaging qualities of every superior mind. 7. We live in two worlds, a natural and a spiritual one.

I would never kneel at a gilded shrine,

To worship the idol-gold;

I would never fetter this heart of mine,

As a thing-for fortune sold:

But I'd bow-to the light th't God hath given,

The nobler light-of mind;

The only light, save that of Heaven,

That should free-will homage find.

154. Reading-should be a perfect facsimile of correct speaking; and both exact copies of real life: hence, read just as you would naturally speak on the same subject, and under similar circumstances: so, that if any one should hear you, without seeing you, he could not tell whether you were reading or speaking. Remember that nothing is denied to industry and perseverance; and that Rothing valuable can be obtained without them.

155. The second sound of X is that of gz, generally, when it immediately precedes the accent, and is followed by a vowel sound, or the letter h, in words of two or

more syllables; EXIST; the ex- [X in EXIST.) hor-ter is ex-haust-ed by his ex-u-ber-ant exor-di-um, and desires to be ex-on-er-a-ted from ex-am-in-ing the ux-o-ri-ous ex-ec-utive; an ex-act ex-am-in-a-tion into the ex-ag

ger-a-tions of the aux-il-li-a-ries ex-hib-its a lux-u-ri-ant ex-ile, who ex-ist-ed an ex-ot-ic in ex-em-pla-ry ex-al-ta-tion.

156. The letters o, and e, in to and the, are long, before vowels, but abbreviated before consonants, (unless emphatic,) to prevent a hiatus. Th' man took the instrument and began t' play th' tune, when th' guests were ready to eat. I have written to Obadiah t' send me some of th' wheat, that was brought inth' ship Omar, and which grew on the land belonging t' th' family of the Ashlands. Are you going from town! No I am going to town. Th' vessel is insured to, at and from

London.

Notes. 1. To make this diphthongal vocal sound, close the

teeth as if to give the sound of C, and then bring into contact the posteriors, or the roots of the tongue, and back parts of the throat, and pronounce the imaginary word guz, several times; then omit the tu, and pronounce the g, z, by themselves: g-z. 2. For the 3d sound of X, see the third sound of C. 3. These elemental sounds was the favorite study among the ancients, of the greatest ability.

157. Sight Reading. To become a good reader, and a reader at sight, one must always let the eyes precede the voice a number of words; so that the mind shall have time, clearly, and distinctly, to conceive the ideas to be communicated; and also feel their influence: this will give full play to the thoughts, as well as impart power from the affectuous part of the mind, to the body, for producing the action, and co-operation, of the right muscles and organs to manufacture the sounds and words. In walking, it is always best to see where we are about to step; it is equally so in reading, when the voice walks. Indeed, by practice, a person will be able to take in a line or two, in anticipation of the vocal effort: always look before you leap.

The high, the mountain-majesty-of worth-
Should be, and shall, survive its woe;
And, from its immortality, -look forth-
In the sun's face, like yonder Alpine snow,
Imperishably pure-beyond all things below.

Proverbs. 1. If you would lend a man money, and make him your enemy, ask him for St again. 2. He that goes a borrowing, goes a sorrowing. 3. The innocent-often suffer through the indolence and negligence of others. 4. Two 01 a trade seldom agree. 5. When the Lord revives his work, the Devil revives hir. 6. He that swells in prosperity, will shrink in adversity. 7. It is human to err; but diabolical to persevere in error. 8. For a cure of ambition, go in the churchyard, and read the gravestones. 9. Better get in the right path late, than never. 10. A real friend -is discerned in a trying case. 11. Every one can acquire a right character. 12. Two wrongsdon't make a right.

Anecdote. Zeno was told, that it was disreputable for a philosopher to be in love. "If that were true," said the wise man, "the fair sex are indeed to be pitied; for they would then receive the attention of fools alone."

Mental Violence. Everything which

tends to discompose or agitate the mind,

whether it be excessive sorrow, rage or fear, envy, or revenge, love or despair-in short, whatever acts violently on our mental faculties tends to injure the health.

Varieties. 1. Washington-was born Feb. 22d, 1732, and died Dec. 14th, 1799; how old was he? 2. Wecannot love those, whom we do not respect. 3. Order is the same in the world, in man, and in the church; and man is an of all the principles of order. 4. In factions, the most ignorant are always the most violent. 5. The good man has God in his heart, when he is not in his mouth: but the hypocrite has God in his mouth, without having him in his heart. 6. It is some hope of goodness, not to grow worse; but it is a part of badness, not to grow better. 7. Why should we seek that love, that cannot profit us, or fear that malice, that cannot hurt us? WARREN'S ADDRESS AT THE BUNKER HILL BATTLE STAND! the ground's your own, my braves Will ye give it up to slaves? Will ye look for greener graves ?

Hope ye mercy still?
What's the mercy despots feel!
Hear it-in that battle peal!
Read it-on yon bristling steel!

Ask it-ye who will.
Fear ye foes who kill for hire?
Will ye to your homes retire ?
Look behind you! they're afire!

And before you, see

Who have done it!-From the vale--
On they come!-and will ye quail?
Leaden rain and iron hail

Let their welcome be!
In the God of battles trust!
Die we may-and die we must :-
But, O! where can dust-to dust
Be consigned so well,

As where heaven--its dews shall shea
On the martyr'd patriot's bed,
And the rocks shall raise their head,
Of his deeds to tell

[PIERPONT