brought forward to deceive the public. A copy of it was deposited in the British Museum, and was considered a genuine newspaper. It was trumpeted forth as a great discovery by Mr. George Chalmers (see vol. IV. p. 34); Mr. Nichols unfortunately admitted it into his list of newspapers; and even the acute Mr. D'Israeli fell into the same error. The first discoverer of the mistake was Mr. Thomas Watts, of the British Museum, in his letter to Mr. Panizzi. See an able review of this pamphlet in the Gentleman's Magazine for June 1840, p. 61. But, the error creeping into fresh circulation, Mr. Watts addressed a letter to the Gentleman's Magazine for May 1850, with many interesting particulars of the discovery of the forgery; and also some satisfactory account of the origin of newspapers.

P. 37, 1. 6 from bottom. George Chalmers, Esq. F.R.S. and F.S.A. Chief Clerk of the office of the Board of Trade and Plantations, died May 31, 1825, at his house in James-street, Buckingham-gate, aged 82. He was a native of Scotland, and was educated at King's College, Aberdeen, principally under Dr. Reid. He afterwards removed to Edinburgh, and studied law, which he practised in America, until the Colonies declared themselves independent. Soon after his return to England, his extensive knowledge of commerce and colonial relations introduced him to a connexion with the Board of Trade. As an author, Mr. Chalmers's range of publications was very extensive. See a list and account

of Mr. Chalmers's works in Gent. Mag. for 1825, ii. 564.

The following character, by Mr. John Taylor, appeared in the Sun newspaper :

"Government has lost a zealous, intelligent, and most useful servant in this gentleman. He was always alive to the interests of the country, and suffered no subject of national importance to pass without due observation, and the full exertion of his endeavours to render it intelligible to the world at large. Commerce, Manufactures, the Bullion Question, &c. &c. were rendered easy of com-. prehension by his clear and strenuous elucidations. He seemed to have been born with an indefatigable zeal for the interests of mankind, but more particularly for those of the British Empire. He passed much of the earlier part of his life in America, and was thoroughly conversant with those principles which were best calculated to promote the interest of that country, and to secure harmony between it and the parent state. His disposition was social and cheerful, but his mind was always vigilantly directed towards the advantage of the community. His political principles were soundly constitutional. Scotland, of which he was a native, has lost in Mr. Chalmers a great and active friend, anxious to do honour to her on all occasions. His "Caledonia," of which three large quarto volumes have been published, contains the most valuable information respecting that country, and a fourth, which was nearly ready for the press, would have completed that extraordinary proof of elaborate research and unmitigable ardour in pursuit of knowledge. He had prepared materials for a Life of his

countryman Thomson the Poet, which would have contained much novel and interesting information respecting the history of the author of those "Seasons," which will live as long as the earth. Mr. Chalmers, in person, was tall, stout, and manly, so nearly resembling the late Lord Melville that they were often taken for each other. The writer of this humble tribute to his memory had the pleasure of passing a few hours with him a very few days before his death, and never found him in better spirits, or more likely, for a long time, notwithstanding his advanced age, to spare his friends the regret of losing so valuable a member of society."

An excellent portrait of this eminent author, engraved by R. Cooper, from a drawing by H. Edridge, was published in Cadell and Davies's British Gallery.

P. 38, note, l. 8, read thus: "It was originally compiled by Mr. Jansen, a Frisian; was written in Latin, and was printed in 8vo. in 1598," omitting the end of the sentence. L. 6 to 2 from bottom, omit the sentence beginning, "Thus, even," &c. and ending with, "Great Britain."

P. 39, 1. 26, add, Paris Gazette. Receuil des Gazettes Nouvelles, et Relations de toute l'Année 1633, Par Theophrasto Ranaudot. Paris, 1634. 532 pages.

The same for the year 1634. Paris, 1635. 556 pages.

The same for 1643.

The same for 1644.

1016 pages.

1064 pages. This volume is dedicated to Cardinal Mazarin. In the "Estat General des Affaires," at the commencement of the volume, France is compared to the sun among the planets and stars of the firmament.

The same for 1645. 1218 pages.

[These Paris Gazettes contain very many curious articles relative to the Civil Wars of England.]

P. 39, 1. 3 from bottom, instead of this line, r. The Diurnall Occurrences, or Dayly Proceedings of both Houses of Parliament, in this Great and Happy Parliament, from 3d Nov. 1640, to 3d Nov. 1641. With Continuation of all the Speeches from June last to 3rd Nov. 1641. 4to. 429 pages.

The Heads of a Conference, delivered by Mr. Pymm, at a Committee of both Houses, June 24, 1641. 6 pages.

A Convocation Speech, by Mr. Thomas Warmstry, one of the Clerks for the Diocesse of Worcester: against Images, Altars, Crosses, the New Canons, and the Oaths, &c. London, 1641. 22 pages.

P. 41, note, 1. 1, r. "Marchamont."

P. 43. Enlarge the account of the papers thus from copies in my possession:

Mercurius Aulicus; communicating the Intelligence and Affaires of the Court to the rest of the Kingdome, from March 30, 1644, to Sept. 6, 1708. Pages 903 to 1736.

Mercurius Academicus, a weekly paper. Printed at Oxford, from Dec. 15 to March 14, 1645. Fourteen weekly papers published on Saturdays.

P. 92, add: The Newcastle Weekly Courant, No. 162, July 27, 1723, to No. 212, July 11, 1724.

This paper was first began in 1720. The price was three halfpence.

P. 95, 1. 3 from bottom, The Daily Advertiser, No. I. Feb. 3, 1730-31. Printed by M[atthew] Jenour. See vol. I. p. 290; vol. VII. Index, 197.

P. 96. Add to the list of periodical publications :

The Public Advertiser, Dec. 1, 1752.

The Selector, No. V. Nov. 13, 1776.

The Tomahawk, or Censor General, No. I. Oct. 27, 1795, continued to March 1, 1796, 113 numbers, folio.

P. 97, 1. 3. The Idler first appeared in Payne's Universal Chronicle, April 15, 1758.

Ibid. 1. 7 from bottom, The Looker-On was by William Roberts, M.A. Fellow of Corpus Christi College, Oxford.

Ibid. 1. 6. The Schemer, 1760, was by James Ridley, son of Dr. Gloster Ridley, and was originally printed in the London Chronicle.

Ibid. 1. penult. The Projector was by Alexander Chalmers, Esq. It first appeared in the Gentleman's Magazine.

Ibid. 1. ult. The Censura Literaria was chiefly written by Sir Egerton Brydges, Thomas Park, Esq., and Joseph Haslewood, Esq. Ended in 10 vols. 8vo.

The list of Periodical Publications is continued in vol. VIII. p. 495; and vol. IX. p. 710.

P. 200,1. 19. Gabriel Hanger was afterwards Lord Coleraine. See Index, vol. VII. pp. 89, 539.

P. 226, n. l. 5 from bottom, for "iii." r. "viii.”

P. 247, 1. 4 from bottom, r. "These principles of many of the Members," &c.

P. 247, n. l. 4. Dr. Gower published "A Sermon preached before the King at Christmas, 1684, from Gen. iii. 21, 22. 1685;" and "A Discourse delivered in Two Sermons in the Cathedral of Ely in September, 1684, from 2 Kings, ii. 11, 12. Cambridge, 1685."

P. 264, 1. 14. Mr. Thomas was vicar of St. Martin's, Leicester, from 1685 to 1713.

P. 269, 1. 20, for "Davis," r. "Davies."

P. 297, n.1. 10. After "Bowyer," add, “ dated June 22, 1769.” P. 313, n. 1. 12 from bottom. The "living ornament of literature was James Bindley, Esq.

P. 347, 1. 12, for " Madden," r." Madan."

P. 392, 1. 10 from bottom, r. "Admiral John Holloway."

P. 393, 1. 1, r." Admiral Thomas Macnamara Russell's flag." P. 399, l. 16, r. " Panvinius Onuphrius's Commentary."

P. 425, 1. 7 from bottom, and p. 428, 1. 5 and 11, for "Mitchell," r. "Michell."

P. 444. I have been favoured by my friend the Rev. John Webb, F.S.A., with some extracts from letters of Mr. Bowyer to Thomas Penoyre, Esq. of the Moor, near the Hay, Herefordshire, accompanied by the following account of him. The letters illustrate the manners of the time, particularly those of the country-squire of the eighteenth century.

"Thomas Penoyre was a fellow-collegian of Mr. Bowyer, at St. John's, Cambridge, where they contracted an early friendship, which was renewed in after-life, and lasted till Mr. Bowyer's death. A letter to Mr. Bowyer, characteristic of Mr. Penoyre's pleasantry and philanthropy, is printed in Lit. Anecd. IV. p. 444.

"Mr. Penoyre died March 16, 1783, aged 89, without issue, and was succeeded in the estate of the Moor by Thomas Stallard, Esq. of Leadenhall-street, London, and Streatham, co. Surrey; the eldest son of his sister Anne, who married a Stallard, of the Lower Hill, near Leominster. This Thomas Stallard, on succeeding to the property, took the name of Penoyre. Both of them were sheriffs of Herefordshire in their day. On the death of Thomas Stallard Penoyre, he was succeeded in the property by his brother Edmund. This is he to whom Mr. Bowyer left a legacy his letter to Mr. Nichols is printed in Lit. Anecd. III. p. 282; in which he mentions his brother, and his uncle, with whom he resided at the time of the death of the latter; and he continued at the Moor till his own decease. Edmund was my kind godfather, and I spent many happy days under his roof. I have often heard him speak of Mr. Bowyer, and of the friendship existing between that accomplished scholar and critic and his uncle; and he has related to me many anecdotes respecting them, particularly the latter, most of which I wish I had not forgotten. He always entertained a high respect for the memory of Mr. Bowyer."-J. WEBB.

"Tho' I have nothing to say, but that I have executed all your commissions, yet I would not you should want the satisfaction of knowing it. I have receiv'd of Mr. Dodmead forty-one pounds, thirteen shillings, and two-pence. And have pd to Mr. Paltock fifty pounds. Next week I take another trip to the farm, and make an end of repairs, which fifteen years hence perhaps Tommy* may demolish. If he will then be ruled by me, I would have him sell it, and trust ye knavery of Southsea Directors rather yn the malice of illiterate peasants. No jobber, say I, is worse yn a plow jobber. All my comfort is that Ben Jonson was once outwitted by a countryman, and complained he was pricked by a hobnail, as well as

"Yr humble servant, †BEN. BOWYER,

*His son, Mr. Thomas Bowyer, to whom Mr. Penoyre was godfather. See Lit. Anec. III. p. 273.

+Ben seems to have been a Christian nom de guerre, perhaps jocularly bestowed upon him by his friend, whom he in return styles Pe.

"P.S. I will press L. But he said we should not hear from him again till after Michaelmass. Clover seed I find is a choice thing in our country: Does it grow wild in yours? If it does, pray put some in your pocket when you come to London again."

To Thos. Penoyre, Esq.,

"at the Moor, near the Hay,

"W. Cornewall."

when

"Herefordshire.

"Dec. 1, 1739.

"Dec. 29,

1739.

I have an epitaph ready for my father, which, you are disposed to criticism, I will likewise send you.-W. B." "DEAR PE. "I must desire you most sincerely not to kill me with presents as you do. We Londoners are all ready to cry out, Ohe, jam satis est; and you may be sure we speak ye truth, when our hearts are as full as our bellies. Because I once fix'd myself in your house, let not my ghost haunt it ever after. Alas, what hecatombs of hogs, geese, turkeys, &c., are sacrificed to appease it! Methinks I hear ye different accents of dying animals, while Rees, half relenting in his bloody work, cries out, Bowyer, Bowyer, te hoc vulnere fixit. Stop your hand. Satiatæ sanguine dira.

"I can't approve of your scheme for employing an attorney to write to ye subscribers.* We have nothing to shew that they did subscribe, for they have the receipts in possession, so that it would be a vapour without fire. I sent a letter to Lewis, but have had no answer, and, notwithstanding your character of him, shall trust him a little warily, when I have. In ye first place he is upon new projects, wants to buy a little printing house, wch I believe will not answer, in an honest way, and I have some suspicion he will try ye other way. He deals with Hodges + upon London Bridge, who is a noted pirate, and, as was said of Alex. Felix Prædo. But I love to have as little dealings as may be with any of ye race. I shall keep ye till ye last of all my stock; and then I will write a puffing sheet to shew their advantage. As yet, I have no leisure.

"Mr. Wallis is elbow deep in feasting this Xtmass, being chose one of ye quest men. He has been walking in his gown all this day, and seems already to have ye dignity as well as ye plenty of an Alderman. Yesterday we took a walk to Low Leyton, and, because I find you are grown a great student, I submit to your criticism ye specimen of my vanity (I wd have you think it of my humility) to be put up there. I want franks, and have forgot your directions both to Mr. Cornwall and Mr. Foley.

"I am, yrs sincerely, W. BOWYER."

*Subscribers to the "Welsh Laws." See Lit. Anec. IV. p. 445, note. James Hodges, afterwards Sir James; see Lit. Anecd. II. 500; III. 406,