4 Quarters1 Hundredweight (cwt.) 20 Cwt. =1 Ton This weight is used in almost all commercial transactions, and in the common dealings of life. The particular weights belonging to this Division are as follow:-cwt. qr. lb. 1 Stone 0 0 14 = 1 Tod = 0 1 0 Used 14 Pounds 2 Stone in the Wool Trade. DIVISION II-TROY WEight. 24 Grains =1 Pennyweight = 20 Pennywts. = 1 Ounce 12 Ounces =1 Pound 24 gr. = 480 =5760 These are the denominations of Troy Weight when used for weighing gold, silver, and precious stones (except diamonds). But Troy Weight is also used by Apothecaries in compounding medicines, and by them the ounce is divided into 8 drams, and the dram into 3 scruples, so that the scruple is equal to 20 grains. For scientific purposes the grain only is used; and sets of weights are constructed in decimal progression, from 10,000 grains downwards too of a grain. The carat, used for weighing diamonds, is 3 grains. The term, however, when used to express the fineness of gold, has a relative meaning only. Every mass of alloyed gold is supposed to be divided into 24 equal parts; thus the standard for coin is 22 carats fine, that is, it consists of 22 parts of pure gold, and 2 parts of alloy. 5. ANGULAR MEASURE; OR, DIVISIONS OF THE CIRCLE. 60 Seconds 60 Minutes 30 Degrees 90 Degrees = 1 Minute = 1 Degree = 1 Sign = 1 Quadrant 360 Degrees, or 12 Signs = 1 Circumference. 6. MEASURE OF TIME. 342 cúb. ins., nearly. 60 Seconds 60 Minutes 2 Pints 1 Quart = 4 Qts. = 1 Gallon 1 Peck 24 Hours 7 Days = 1 Minute = 1 Hour cub. feet nearly. The four last denominations are used for dry goods only. For liquids several denominations have been heretofore adopted, viz. -For Beer, the Firkin of 9 Gallons, the Kilderkin of 18, the Barrel of 36, the Hogshead of 54, and the Butt of 108 Galls. Flour is sold nominally by measure, but actually by weight, reckoned at 7 lbs. avoirdupois to a gallon. 4. MEASURE OF WEIGHT. DIVISION LAVOIRDUPOIS WEIGHT. Grains 1 Dram 28 Days 28, 29, 30, or 31 Days 12 Calendar Months 365 Days 366 Days = 1 Day = 1 Week 1 Lunar Month 1 Calendar Month 1 Year = 1 Common Year = 1 Leap Year In 400 Years, 97 are leap years, and 303 = 27 gr = 437 Florin 7 6 6-11 16 Ounces =1 Pound (lb.) =7000 2 Pounds = 1 Quarter (qr.) LONDON: PRINTED BY W. CLOWES AND SONS, STAMFORD STREET AND CHARING CROSS. 27 6 Drams = 1 Ounce Companion to the Almanac; OR, YEAR-BOOK OF GENERAL INFORMATION FOR 1864. I. GENERAL INFORMATION ON SUBJECTS OF MATHEMATICS, NATURAL PHILOSOPHY, NATURAL HISTORY, CHRONOLOGY, GEOGRAPHY, FINE ARTS, PUBLIC ECONOMY, &c. II. THE LEGISLATION, STATISTICS, PUBLIC IMPROVEMENTS, AND CHRONICLE OF 1863. LONDON: KNIGHT AND CO., 90, FLEET STREET. PRICE TWO SHILLINGS AND SIXPENCE; OR, FOUR SHILLINGS CONTENTS. GENERAL INFORMATION ON SUBJECTS OF MATHEMATICS, NATURAL I. Occupations of the People, as exhibited in Population Tables, 1861. By Charles Knight IV. The Royal Academy Commission. By James Thorne . V. On Fire Insurance, and its Taxation. By George Dodd ARCHITECTURE AND PUBLIC IMPROVEMENTS, LEGISLATION, STATISTICS, AND CHRONICLE OF 1862-63. VII. Architecture and Public Improvements:- VIII. Abstracts of Important Public Acts passed in the Fifth Session of the Eighteenth Parliament of Great Britain and Ireland :— **The article on the Mortality of the Indian Army, which was advertised for the present Companion to the Almanac,' is postponed; as some new regulations bearing upon this subject, such as the Industrial employment of Troops, have recently been made in India, and more reforms |
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