Of the total value of Exports 82,153,140l. were sent to foreign countries, and 41,984,6727. to British Colonies and Possessions. Among the foreign countries the United States of America resumed its rank as principal customer, the value of the exports being 14,398,8017., and this does not include any of the Southern ports; the Hanse Towns are second, with 9,717,178., a little only above France, which took 9,210,523. Of British Possessions, the East Indies took 16,965,2927.; Australia, 11,930,0627.; and the North American Colonies, 3,992,6761. 20. BRITISH SHIPPING.-On December 31, | sels was 11, of which 3 had only a collective 1862, the number of sailing vessels registered in the various ports of England and Wales was 7,369 under 50 tons, the tonnage of which was 230,733; and 12,686 above 50 tons, the tonnage 3,331,289. In Scotland the number was 1,125 under 50 tons, the tonnage 34,360; and 1,975 above 50 tons, the tonnage 527,457. In Ireland the vessels under 50 tons numbered 1,035, the tonnage 30,634; and those above 50 tons 1,118, the tonnage 169,584. In the Isle of Man and the Channel Islands, there were 525 vessels under 50 tons, tonnage 13,131; and 379 above 50 tons, tonnage 59,321. Total of sailing vessels, 26,212; total amount of tonnage 4,396,509,an increase of 307 vessels and 95,991 tons over the preceding year. The steam vessels were,-in England, 755 under 50 tons, tonnage 17,236; and 940 above 50 tons, tonnage 390,092. In Scotland, 97 under 50 tons, tonnage 2,407; above 50 tons, 240, tonnage 78,113. In Ireland, 46 under 50 tons, tonnage 1,221; above 50 tons, 139, tonnage 47,65. In the Isle of Man and Channel Islands, the number of steam ves burthen of 63 tons, the other & were above 50 tons, tonnage 1,694. Total of steam vessels 2,228, tonnage 537,891, an increase of 95 vessels and of 31,583 tons. The number of vessels registered in the year, in various British colonies and possessions, was,-in Africa, 301 sailing vessels, tonnage 34,074, and 4 steamers of 386 tons; in Australia, 1,498 sailing vessels, and 123 steamers, of which 247 sailing vessels and 6 steamers belong to New Zealand, the tonnage of the whole 160,545; in the North American colonies, 6,779 sailing vessels, nearly a thousand less than in 1861, and 183 steam vessels, tonnage 669,793, an increase of more than 10,000 tons. In the British West Indies there were 932 sailing vessels and 9 steamers, tonnage 41,317, an increase of 121 vessels and 8,523 tons, nearly all of which was in the Bermudas. The total number of British and colonial vessels, sailing and steamers, was 37,269, and the total tonnage 5,875,129, a slight increase of the total of vessels, and an increase of more than 200,000 tons, as compared with 1861. 21. A RETURN of the SHIPPING employed in the Trade of the United Kingdom, exhibiting the NUMBER and TONNAGE of VESSELS that Entered Inwards and Cleared Outwards (including their repeated Voyages), separating British from Foreign Vessels, also Steam from Sailing Vessels, and distinguishing the Trade with each Country, in the Year 1862. [Sa. is for Sailing Vessels; St. for Steam Vessels.] Ships. Tons. Ships. Tons. Ships. Tons. Ships. COUNTRIES. Tons. 22. IRELAND, EXPORTS TO GREAT BRITAIN. In 1862 there were sent to Great Britain 387,161 oxen and cows, 41,868 calves, 538,631 sheep, and 364,634 swine; these numbers are not strictly official, no record being kept as no duty is payable, but are collected by the customs' officers at the ports of shipment. Of wheat and wheat flour there were sent 92,345 quarters; of oats and oatmeal 1,247,926 quarters; and of home-made spirits 1,037,734 gallons. 23. EXPORTS TO FRANCE.-The aggregate value of the imports from France, including her possessions, in 1862, was 21,709,9427. The exports for the year had not been made up completely; but the value of the exports of English and Irish produce was 9,264,4721. 24. VESSELS BUILT, &c.-In 1862 there were built and registered in the United Kingdom 704 timber sailing vessels, tonnage 115,040, and 36 timber steam vessels, tonnage 915; 63 iron sailing vessels, tonnage 40,596, and 156 iron steam vessels, tonnage 65,901; a total of 959 vessels, tonnage 222,452; a decrease of 16 vessels, but an increase of 21,613 tons. The ships built in British possessions, and registered as British, were 523, with a tonnage of 118,421, of which only 2 were of iron, tonnage 181. The number of colonial-built vessels, registered in British ports, was 28, tonnage 22,532, all from North American colonies. Of foreign-built vessels registered 152, tonnage 74,629. There were 42 sailing vessels and 14 steam vessels, of an aggregate tonnage of 8,1co, broken up in the course of the year, and 674, tonnage 172,236, were wrecked. 25. COASTING TRADE.-The number and tonnage of vessels that entered and cleared coastwise, during the year 1862, was, to various ports in England, including their repeated voyages-Inwards, British, 87,667 sailing vessels, tonnage 6,891,436; steam vessels, 17,739, tonnage 4,517,896; foreign sailing vessels, 367, tonnage 67,618; steam vessels, 2, tonnage 668. In Scotland, British, sailing vessels, 14,339, tonnage 945,769; steam vessels, 6,712, tonnage 1,458,237; foreign, sailing vessels, 33, tonnage 2,417. In Ireland, British sailing vessels, 20,116, tonnage 1,549,843; steam vessels, 6,817, tonnage 2,034,506; foreign sailing vessels, 6, tonnage 1,573. In the Isle of Man, sailing vessels, 1,454, tonnage 81,605; steam vessels, 89, tonnage 19,388. There were no foreign steam vessels, either inwards or outwards, to or from Scotland, the Isle of Man, or the Channel Islands, and only 1 from Ireland of 397 tons outward. Outwards, from various ports in England, British, sailing vessels, 102,386, tonnage 8,124,643; steam vessels, 16,858, tonnage 4,210,901; foreign, sailing vessels, 299, tonnage 48,961; steam vessel, I, tonnage 397. From Scotland, British, sailing vessels, 16,417, tonnage 1,044,085; steam vessels, 6,660, tonnage 1,454,042; foreign, sailing vessels, 38, tonnage 3,233. From Ireland, British, sailing vessels, 6,650, tonnage 412,087; steam vessels, 7,205, tonnage 2,127,765; foreign, sail ing vessels, 41, tonnage 8,719; steam vessel, 1, tonnage 397. Isle of Man, sailing vessels, 745, tonnage 50,707; steam vessels, 87, tonnage 18,535. Total-Inwards, British, 154,935 vessels, tonnage 17,498,683; foreign, 409 vessels, tonnage 72,673. Outwards, British, 157,008 vessels, tonnage 17,442,765; foreign, 380 vessels, tonnage 51,717. There has been an increase of the British shipping, on the whole, of 1,906 vessels and 205,624 tons; but the foreign vessels, both inwards and outwards, show a material decrease. 26. COLONIAL TRADE.-The number and tonnage of vessels that entered and cleared from the various ports in the United Kingdom in the year 1862, from and to the British colonies, were-Inwards, in England, British, 4,431 sailing vessels, tonnage 1,796,273; steam vessels, 673, tonnage 208,852; foreign, 473 sailing vessels, tonnage 273,386, and I steam vessel, tonnage 517. In Scotland, British, 486 sailing vessels, tonnage 202,925; steam vessels, 23, tonnage 22,002; foreign, 14 sailing vessels, tonnage 6,213. In Ireland, British, 266 sailing vessels, tonnage 100,262. In the Isle of Man and the Channel Islands, British, 36 sailing vessels, tonnage 5,413; foreign 1, tonnage 213. Outwards, from England, 4,334 sailing vessels, tonnage 1,916,251; steam vessels, 710, tonnage 217,353; foreign, sailing vessels, 501, tonnage 267,365; steam vessels, 2, tonnage 837. From Scotland, British, 613 sailing vessels, tonnage 281,684; steam vessels, 39, tonnage 28,845; foreign, 28 sailing vessels, tonnage 14,373. From Ireland, British, 241 sailing vessels, tonnage 99,835; steam vessel, I, tonnage 70; foreign, 38 sailing vessels, tonnage 14,513. From the Isle of Man and the Channel Islands, British, 64 sailing vessels, tonnage 8,496. The total number of British ships entered inwards was 5,915, tonnage 2,335,757; of foreign there were 516 vessels, tonnage 289,880,-a decrease of 283 vessels, but an increase of 29,325 tons over 1861, and a decrease of 360 foreign vessels, and of tonnage 204,810. Of British ships cleared outward, there were 6,002, tonnage 2,552,534; of foreign, 569 ships, tonnage 297,088,-a decrease of 206 British vessels, but an increase of 26,425 tons; there was a decrease of 342 foreign vessels, tonnage 241,781. 27. BRITISH FISHERIES.-The annual report of the Fishery Commissioners shows that the herring fishing off the coasts of Scotland and the Isle of Man was very productive in 1862; 830,934 barrels were cured, an increase of above 162,oco barrels over the previous year; and 494,910 barrels were exported, an increase of 104,596 barrels. The quantity branded increased by 81,365 barrels, showing the increasing reliance of the Continent upon the brand. The Continent is the only important foreign market; the large trade to the West Indies before emancipation has shrunk into nothing. Last year for the first time several boats fished off Wick for herrings in the winter. They were found with milt and roe, with the appearance of becoming full fish in three or four weeks. The experiment will probably be repeated and extended. The opinion is now very generally entertained that the herring spawns twice in the year. The cod and ling fishery of 1862 was about an average fishing. Several vessels went to Rockall, but the adventure does not appear to have been very successful: severe weather was experienced there, and it was thought that too many attempted the enterprise at once, and that this caused several to come away disappointed. 13,144 boats, manned by 43,508 fishermen and boys, were employed in the herring and cod and ling fisheries in 1862, an increase of 183 boats and 757 men; and the estimated value of the boats, nets, and lines was 811,355l. It is estimated that these fisheries also gave employment to above 53,000 other persons. 28. WRECKS.-The Board of Trade returns give the total number of wrecks in the year 1862 belonging to the United Kingdom as 674, of which 638 were sailing vessels and 36 steam vessels, of an aggregate burthen of 172,236 tons. The Annual Report of the National Life-boat Institution supplement this information by stating that the number of wrecks on our own coasts in the year was 1,827; that 690 lives were lost in them; and that 4,039 were saved: of these 327 were saved by life-boats, 310 by rocket and mortar apparatus, 3,389 by ships' own boats, shore boats, steamers, &c., and 13 by individual exertion. It must be remembered, however, that the services of the life-boats are available principally at times when no other craft could render assistance, which accounts for the comparatively small number saved by them. The institution had supplied 14 new boats to its establishment during the year, and have now 124 on its list, manned by about 6,000 men, and it distributed 9167. in rewards for life-boat services. 29. WINE.-The total quantity of wine taken for home consumption in Great Britain in 1862 was 9,803,046 gallons, as against 10,787,091 gallons retained in 1861. Of the total quantity 4,375,466 gallons were red, and 5,427,580 were white wines; of these wines, 3,956,213 gallons came from Spain, 2,349,954 gallons from Portugal, 1,900,344 gallons from France, and 176,732 gallons from British possessions in South Africa. A decrease had taken place in the consumption from every country. The total quantity imported had been 11,962,328 gallons, an increase of 909,892 gallons over that of 1861. 30. FOREIGN SPIRITS.-The total quantitics of foreign spirits imported into Great Britain in 1862 were, of brandy, 2,375,835 gallons; of rum, 7,765,099 gallons; and of other foreign and colonial spirits, 417,279 gallons. There were entered for home consumption 1,698,426 gallons of brandy, 3,319,579 gallons of rum, and 175,324 gallons of other foreign and colonial spirits; a decrease on the whole from the consumption of 1861. 31. BRITISH SPIRITS.-In the year 1862 there were distilled 7,552,037 gallons of proof spirits in England, 13,113,384 gallons in Scot land, and 4,301,539 gallons in Ireland; a total of 24.966,960 gallons; an increase of 1,024,237 gallons over that of 1861. The duty was paid on 19,700,250 gallons for the United Kingdom, producing the sum of 9,850,1261. The consumption was 10,458,892 gallons in England, 4,400,271 in Scotland, and 3,977,024 in Ireland, showing a great decrease since the rise of the duty in the two last-named kingdoms. The total quantity of British spirits exported in the year was 4,162,454 gallons, and 551,916 gallons of British compounds and spirits of wine. The quantity bonded amounted to 9,076,666 gallons, of which 5,417,839 were in Ireland and 2,985.854 in Scotland. There were also pro duced 51,897 gallons of methylic alcohol sold by the excise, and 538,088 gallons sent out by persons licensed to sell the same. 32. COTTON.-The total amount imported in 1862 was 523,973,295 lbs. against 1,256,984,736 lbs. in 1861. Of the total, 13,524,224 lbs. only came from the United States, 392,654,528 lbs. from British possessions in the East Indies, 5,563,376 lbs. from the British West Indies and Guiana, 65,238,320 lbs. from the Mediterranean, chiefly from Egypt, 23,339,008 lbs. from Brazil, and 23,653,840 lbs. from other countries. The usual proportions are here strangely reversed; only one-fortieth from the United States, and nearly three-fourths from the East Indies. The exports in the year amounted to 214,714,528 lbs., more than two-fifths of the total quantity imported. The quantity of raw cotton imported in each year since 1842 has been as follows: |