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nearly two pounds of matter were discharged. Pus continued to ooze out of the aperture for a fortnight, after which it healed up, and the patient has remained in good health ever since.

Observations on the hare-lip, by Isaac Rand, form the subject of the Sth article. This paper was read in 1797, since which two volumes of the Society's memoirs have appeared. Perhaps the editors of the former volumes were startled at the author's first paragraph, which seems to us somewhat paradoxical. !le advances the following curious position, Natural deficiencies are more frequent in the upper lip than in any other part of the body; but, happily, these are very rare." What are very rare? Deficiences in the upper lip, or in the other parts of the body? The object of the paper is to demonstrate the propriety of operating at a very early age in hare-lip. In two cases Mr. Rand performed the operation two days after birth. The first case was going on very finely, when an unlucky diarrhoea arrested the efforts of nature, in completely uniting the bones in the middle and posterior parts of the fauces," and "destroyed the child in its seventh month." The other case, however, completely succeeded; as did another in which the operation was performed at three months. The advantages which result from performing the operation at an early period, the author observes, are many.

"Children, for some days after birth, seem to be in a torpid state, and in general require but little nourishment. They are easily managed, and make no opposition during the operation. If there is only a fissure in the lip, and sometimes when there is one in the bones, immediately after the union of the fissured part of the lip, the child is capable of sucking, by which the chance of surviving the infantile state is increased. The disagreeable impression upon the mother's mind, of propagating the deformity in the family by future births, is removed." P. 165.

At this advanced period of the surgical art, such a paper as this presents no novelty in practice, and we find nothing in it to induce us to commend the diligence of the present Editors, in disturbing its quiet repose in the Society's treasury of manuscripts.

The next article, by Mr. Norris, contains the histories of two extraordinary cases. The first is that of a lady, aged 51, who, about the middle of April, 1803, in going down the cellar stairs, fell and pitched with her forehead against a heap of wood. She was sick and faint for a short time, but on the following and succeeding days, thought little of it. In the beginning of June, she had an erysipelatous inflammation in the arm. In July she was affected with violent pain in the head, which continued, without alleviation, though Dr. Nankivel prescribed for her during more than a fortnight.

fortnight. August the 2d, she consulted Mr. Upton, who "found her labouring under a smart active fever; a hot and dry skin; quick pulse, with considerable anxiety and agitation; and complaining of violent pain in her head generally, but especially on the os frontis. Upon this bone was a tumour with a large hard base, termi nating in a conical point, exactly resembling the growing horn of a young heifer. This evidently contained a fluid, which on the following day was set at liberty with the point of a lancet, and upon examination, a considerable surface of the bone was found bare." P. 170.

Mr. Norris saw this patient on the 9th of August. He enlarged the opening on the scalp, advised the head to be fo mented, and the bowels to be kept open. At the end of a week, no abatement in her suffering having taken place, he applied the trephine. When the operation was over, he was surprized to find that the dura mater exhibited a perfectly healthy appearance; and that no matter was discharged than what oozed from the substance of the bone. Some alleviation of pain followed, which he attributed to the medicines that were prescribed.

In the course of a week, she complained of pain toward the posterior and upper part of the left parietal bone, and a little tumour, tender to the touch, and containing a fluid, was observed there. On opening it, the bone was found bare. "After a few days, this portion of bone, of the size of a sixpence, separated, leaving a healthy granulating surface, and the wound very soon healed."

From this time, similar tumours, with similar results, occurred almost daily. During the first two or three months the separated pieces of bone were from the outer table of the scull; after that time the dura mater was generally exposed by the separation of each piece, and the wounds in the scalp no longer healed. She died, worn out with suffering, on the 10th of May, 1804.

This patient had not one other, even doubtful, symptom of syphilis, and from Mr. Norris's inquiries, he thinks it certain that she was never affected with that disease. A plate accompanies the description, and the fragment of scull which remains has the appearance of being worm-eaten.

For the second case, de Satyriasmo, we must refer our readers, at least, those who understand Latin, to the volume itself. The tenth article is "on the Medicinal properties of Sanguinaria Canadensis, or Blood Root. Communicated to the President by Dr. N. Smith, Hanover (North America). Dated February, 1807. Its medical virtues are very considerable. The dried root, pulverised and given in doses of four or five grains, generally pukes pretty violently, producing a great prostration of strength during its operation, which continues for some time.' "" "The taste is acrid and unpleasant.

sant. The pulverised root taken into the nose excites sneezing, and produces a sense of heat in that organ. It also acts as an escharotic on fungous flesh." Dr. Smith_has_not known it act as a cathartic. He has cured several polypi of the soft kind, by the continued use of it as a snuff. He hasgiven it with great success in hæmoptysis, and in coughs. "From more than two years experience of the use of blood root in affections of the lungs, attended with cough, I cannot assert (the Doctor observes) what has been asserted of fox-glove, that it will cure a confirmed consumption; but I can in confidence say, that, in my opinion, it is capable of doing more towards preventing that fatal disease than any one remedy I have ever been acquainted with.

"I have given blood root in powder, in tincture, and in simple infusion; which last is the better mode of giving it. In powder it operates more roughly, and spirit does not appear to extract its active principle sufficiently. When I give it for a cough, if the symptoms are urgent, I begin with a dose sufficient to excite puking; but generally endeavour to give it in as large doses as can be borne without that effect, and repeat it four or five times each day. Where there is great irritation and a constant disposition to cough, I join opium with it. Given in this manner, if the patient has not a confirmed hectic, it generally cures the cough." P. 184.

It is also useful in inflammatory rheumatism. It has been recommended in jaundice, and has cured epilepsy. It has never been known to produce any lasting bad effects, and never affects the head like fox-glove. If then it be not a valuable addition to our Materia Medica, it may at least become the basis of a profitable nostrum. Mr. Mason Good has subjoined an accurate botanical description of the plant.

The next article is a short and very unsatisfactory case of Tic Douloureux, by Dr. Anthony Fothergill, of Philadel phia. Most of the medicines usually prescribed in this painful complaint were given without any benefit. The operation of dividing the nerve was proposed and rejected; and for any thing we know to the contrary, the patient is still afflicted with the disease.

The 12th article contains "Remarks on the Land Winds and their Causes," by William Roxburgh, M. D.

In the 18th are related "Cases illustrating the effects of oil of turpentine in expelling the tape-worm." By Drs. Lettsom, Hancock, Fothergill, Birkbeck, and Mr. Saner. The result of these cases establishes the efficacy, and confirms the safety, of a mode of practice which has only lately been known. Dr. Lettsom gave nine drams of the rectified oil of turpentine, desiring the patient to swallow a little honey after it. The medicine occasioned less heat than would have been occasioned by as much brandy or other spirit, and the fla

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vour and heat were removed by the honey. "In about three hours after taking this dose, a laxative motion was produced, without any discharge of tænia: but soon afterwards, with the second stool, more than four yards of the worm were. discharged, and also a quantity of matter, resembling, as the patient expressed it, the substance and skins of the tænia.". No pain or uneasiness was experienced in the urinary passages after taking the medicine, and the patient has since remained in perfect health. Dr. Lettsom concludes that the' best mode of taking the oil is without admixture. Dr. Hancock began by prescribing the oil of turpentine in doses of two drams twice a day, mixed with treacle. "This produced no other effect than an increase of pain and uncasiness, and particularly on going to stool, as if it irritated the rectum. The dose was now increased to half an ounce, at longer intervals. The first dose in this quantity, which she took without treacle, produced a little sickness and confusion of ideas, and afterwards operated as a purge. She complained of no uneasiness whatever in the urinary organs." After these doses, she passed a quantity of slimy mucus, and obtained so much relief in all her painful symptoms that she begged for a double dose. She accordingly took an ounce of the oil which produced slight intoxication, till the cathartic effect followed. This was repeated several times without, however, any appearance of tania in her stools, though the dose was increased to an ounce and a half. Dr. Hancock observed that the mucus which was abundantly discharged by the operation of the medicine," "sometimes exhibited the appearance of white films, as if the substance of the worm had been broken down.'

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Dr. Fothergill gave a patient affected with tania half an ounce of the oil of turpentine. It was taken in tea, sweetened with honey. "In a quarter of an hour he (the patient) was seized with retching, and in the course of the day passed four copious stools, in one of which was a tape worm several yards in length." It was dead and had a livid appearance.

The dose of the oil- was increased to six drams, and was repeated twice a week for the space of a month. During the first fortnight small pieces of worm continued to pass away, both after taking the medicine and at other times; but in the second fortnight the stools were natural, and contained no vestige of tænia." The remedy was consequeutly discontinued, and the patient regained his stregnth and cheerfulness with an entire freedom from complaint.

Dr. Birkbeck administered the oil of turpentine to two middle aged females who had long been troubled with the tapeworm. In the first case, half an ounce was given, and produced two evacuations from the bowels, in one of which

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more than four yards of the worm were contained. "It was dark-coloured, shrivelled, filmy, and lifeless. A second dose of the oil did not expel any more of the worm, nor had it again appeared three months afterwards. "Considerable derangement of the general health and great pain in the pit of the stomach were produced by the tape-worm, in the second case in which the oil of turpentine was employed. Although one tea-spoonful only was introduced, sickness and acute pain followed: this dose was repeated several successivo mornings, always with the same immediate effects; but occasionally it was succeeded by the expulsion of large portions, of the worm.' After continuing the medicine some time, the patient became free from any appearance of tænia in the stools, and from all those sensations which had so long denoted its presence in the intestines.

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Mr. Saner gave an ounce of the rectified oil of turpentine, with an equal quantity of syrup of saffron, to a woman who had long been troubled with tania, portions of which for seven years past had come away, whenever she took a dose of jalap. Several feet of the worm, with the head attached, speedily came away, and she has remained well ever since. The second case was not so favourable. One dose of the oil of turpentine brought away a quantity of worm, without Occasioning any unpleasant effects; but on repeating it, it produced violent retchings, tenesmus, strangury, and great pain in the back; the urine was also a little tinged with blood." The patient afterwards took a drachm of jalap, and passed a considerable quantity of the worm. From the evidence of these histories, and a variety of other cases with which we are acquainted, we have no doubt that the large doses of oil of turpentine may be given with safety, and in general will suçceed in expelling tænia from the bowels.

The volume concludes with an account of the life and writings of Dr. Hulme, by Dr. Clutterbuck.

Additional Cases, with further Directions to the Faculty, relating to the use of the Humulus, or Hop, in Gout and Rheumatic Affections. By A. FREAKE, Apothecary, 8vo. sewed, pp. 43. Highley.

NEARLY six years have elapsed since Mr. Freake gave, in this Journal, an account of the inedicinal qualities of the Hop. As his experience extended, in 1806 he was enabled to form a pamphlet, which contained some interesting facts on the subect. The Royal College of Physicians bas subsequently in (No. 144. troduced

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