gates! Mile-end gate still exists, a terminus for 'busses; but where is Kensington Nay, which is more and worst of all, as Lord Justice Crew says, when he asks where are now the extinguished Plantagenets,-'more and worst of all,' where is Tyburn? It has left its name, indeed, to a district richer than a Roman province; but a Tyburn gate-ticket, with all its memories, will, we fear, remain as a gold Allectus among coins, the crux of turnpike-ticket collectors. Think, too, how many social and political questions, how many moot points of economics the collection we suggest would elucidate. Dr. Gray complacently believes that he first suggested postage stamps; we claim the merit of suggesting turnpike gate tickets. In our intended collection, how many a question of cause and effect, moral and material, is opened up by, e.g., the difference between a threepenny toll and a fourpenny. The Rebeccaites of Wales, and agrarian outrages, proletarian insurrections, and socialistic problems, would all be among the episodes for illustration. But, in this kindred subject, we have almost forgotten Dr. Gray and the postage stamps. His Handbook is an added proof that earnestness will gild the dullest occupation, and a warm, tender enthusiasm give worth to things worthless; making the most trivial work respectable, redeeming from oblivion the harmless foible of a weakness for postage stamps, and raising them in the social scale as an innocent recreation.'

CORRESPONDENCE,

To the Editor of the 'STAMP COLLECTOR'S MAGAZINE.' SIR,-An interesting letter in your last number, signed W. H. H., jun., containing some observations on the false Zurich stamps of 1843, reflects somewhat upon the description of the true ones in my catalogue, characterising it as 'not very particular,' and implying that collectors are indebted to my vagueness for the Swiss forgeries. I trust I may be allowed to defend myself from this imputation, for the main excellence of a good catalogue is that the classification and description should be clear and well defined. In truth, the fault lies more with the bitten than the biter. The chief distinction between them is that, whilst the genuine marked stamp has 'no name,' the false stamp has. Now, whenever the name of a country is impressed on a stamp, I invariably record it; and any collector, who refers to the catalogue, will find, 'Figure and words (which are wanting in the falsification) expressing value,' &c., but not a syllable about name. Again, the true dated stamp bears the word 'rappen;' the false one [being only a modification of the 1850 issue] has only the figure indicating value, and no denomination of currency. To show this clearly, rappen is placed between parentheses. It is therefore evident that the description, as it stands in the catalogue, is sufficient to enable the merest tyro to detect the imposition.

A few words about new stamps. Those recently issued by the Turkish government, viz., 20 paras, yellow; 1 piastre, lilac; 2 piastres, blue; and 5 piastres, rose, are all repeated in a sort of brick-red. These last are for use in the metropolis only, but the former for the whole of the Ottoman Empire.

I have recently received proofs of the stamps about to be adopted by the republic of Costa Rica, which are even superior to those of Nicaragua in beauty and execution.

The centre of the stamp is occupied by a view of the headland in Nicoyo Gulf, and two vessels. Overarching this are five five-pointed stars, surmounted by a wreath; the whole enclosed in an ornamental scroll frame supported by standards. At the top of the stamp is, Porte real correos de Costa Rica; at the bottom, Medio real.' Shape, rectangular; impression, coloured on white paper. This value (real) I have in two colours, green and blue; as well as the 2 reals, in scarlet. I am informed it will be a month before the colours are determined upon and the stamps themselves issued.

There is also a very rare stamp of the Confederate States of America. Superscription [C. S. A. postage]; bust of somebody-to left, in oval. Coloured impression; rectangular. Two cents, green.

Should these few remarks be deemed of any service to your readers, they are quite at your service. I am, Sir, yours obediently,

124, Cheapside, London.

MOUNT BROWN.

J. DEANS, Melbourne, Derbyshire.-The first-issued English blue adhesive, without white line, fetches sixpence or more.

D. R. A.-The red -anna India is a genuine stamp. We should like it.

CANTAB., Trinity College.-The word 'Freimarke,' literally Free-mark,' is simply the German equivalent of postage stamp. We do not identify the stamp you allude to, but suppose it must be a receipt or bill stamp. Can you forward one for inspection?

A BEGINNER will find an answer to his query in our last number.

J. B. LAMB, Paisley.-An unused black English stamp would be highly valued by an amateur collecting clean specimens solely; otherwise it bears no particular worth.

A NAMELESS CORRESPONDENT asks the value of a red and blue Mulready envelope. We have never heard of, and should much like to see one, if he will forward it. The old shilling English octagon is common enough.

H. SABINE.-The Turkish are fully described in the present number. There are many forgeries about of Buck's Richmond Confederates. The example you write of must be one of them. Our own copy is plainly 1 cent. J. W. K., Clerkenwell.-The 3-cents essay of the United States is vermillion. It bears the bust of Washington, surrounded by rays, in the centre; in the upper corners, U. S.; and in each of the lower, the figure denoting the value.

A LADY COLLECTOR wishes information about the Austrian Complementary Stamps. All the lady and gentlemen collectors we have ever met with, are in the same

unsatisfactory predicament. Some will have it they are not for postal purposes: if not-why not? All we know of them with certainty is that, from their strongly contrasting colours, they fill a very gay page in our album, and that they are found appended to the sheets of the Austrian Proper and Lombardo-Venetian postage stamps. The Germans generally are not given to take trouble for nothing, and we cannot think the white raised dots can have been placed so regularly for a meaningless purpose. We shall esteem reliable information on this moot point a great favour.

O. FLEUSS.-Our own penny block-print Cape is a crimson red, your scarlet red may be a variety.

L. M.-Some of your described stamps appear to be simply faded or discoloured specimens. The 2d. sagegreen Ceylon must be one of those saved from the wreck of the Colombo,' which disaster proved a source of profit to many young vendors, the stamps having been much changed in appearance by their soaking in the sea. The tornese of the Neapolitan provinces we have in the two colours you mention; as also the 12 and the 24 öre Sweden, the slate-coloured 6d. Tasmania, and the two colours af the 5 c. and 24 c. United States, both of the late and present series.

POSTAGE SWELL, Sydenham.-You can procure one of the postage-stamp pins at Walker's, 68, Cornhill.

NESTOR, Dublin.-Your stamp is an Austrian bill or receipt stamp. The Jamaica 3d., with arms and supporters, is also for receipts.

E. W. GOSSE, Torquay.-The presence or absence of the perforations will easily distinguish the Prussian and Austrian adhesives from the envelopes. Even when the latter are cut out oval, as is the foolish custom of some, they may be identified from having no sticking matter on their backs. The device on the left of the 1d. Bahamas is some tropical fruit, which we do not recognise. The Bremen post-amt' is for local postage. We have the envelope complete. The figures on the Nevis stamps symbolise Benevolence.'

J. S., Great Grimsby.-We believe the 1d. Victoria you mention, as like the green in device, but black in colour, to be the latest issue. The other stamp you allude to must be the old un silbergroschen of Luxembourg.

A. T., Brighton.-The envelope concerning which you inquire, can be procured from almost any dealer in stamps, either used or unused.

JAMES SHELTON, Grimsby.-Many collectors accept the stamps of private firms.

ALPHA, Uppingham.-The Ionian Islands may have a new issue when united to Greece, or adopt the stamps of that kingdom.

W. C. M.-The chief firms employing private stamps, are the trio of Smiths, viz., Cornhill, Strand, and Bath; the Home News, British Workman, &c.

FRANK B., Trent.-The sixpenny St. Helena is noticed in every postal catalogue deserving the name.

R. H. OLDERSHAW, Nottingham.-The 1-lepton Greek is of two colours,-buff, and marone brown. The 2-lepta is a yellow buff.

TIMBROMANIAQUE, Dublin.-The red 1d. temporary Cape of Good Hope is not rare,-the light and dark blue of the same issue much more so; but the red fourpenny is exceedingly scarce, and the blue penny almost unattainable.

CONUNDRUM.

Why is the Tuscan lion like the British Empire ?

H. G. S. 10, Chestnut Street, Waterloo Road, Manchester, sends his wholesale and retail Price Lists of Stamps or Coins on receipt of stamped envelope. Stamps or Coins bought or sold on commission. Collections of 100 Stamps, 58.; 200 ditto, 14s.

W. Diamond, Rifle House, Westbourne Grove, London, W., Dealer in Postage Stamps of all nations. Foreign Stamps sent per post on receipt of uncut penny postage stamps. Collections purchased. Any communication requiring a reply must contain a stamp.

Short's 1s. 3d. Album se transmis a aucune partie du monde, en recevant le prix et le port au livre en timbres postes. N. SHORT, Green Hill, Grantham.

Alpha, 34, Northbrook Street, Newbury, Berks, has some Rare Stamps for Sale, at moderate prices. Send a stamped envelope for List

For Threepence you will stand a chance of getting one of Short's 1s. 3d. Albums, Six of which are to be drawn for on April 7. N. Short, Grantham.

Scarce, Obsolete, and New Stamps.Examples: Bavaria, Greece, Brazils, Confederate States, Ionian Isles, Naples, Parma, Russia, &c, at the lowest prices. List (just printed) sent for stamped envelope. W. TATE, 77. Woodville Terrace, Everton, Liverpool. Note-Antigua, 6d. each.

The Princess Alexandra Postage-Stamp Album. N. SHORT, Green Hill, Grantham. Post free, 1s. 8d.

Important to Collectors.-A very large and varied stock of Stamps for Sale at half the usual prices. A Price List sent on receipt of stamp by R. PEGG, 11, Holles Street, Dublin. Stamps bought. Album to hold 800 stamps, post free, 1s. 2d.

If this should meet the Eye of any one who wants a good and cheap Album, let him send 17 stamps to N. SHORT, Green Hill, Grantham.

D. Mc Corkindale, 70, George Square, Glasgow, will send his Spring List on receipt of stamped envelope. His prices are very low :- set of 10 Scheerenbecks, Is 2d.; Nova Scotia 3d. and 6d., each 4d.; 1d, and 1s., cach 8d, &c.

Everybody should Buy Short's Album, 17 stamps, free. N. SHORT, Green Hill, Grantham.

To be Raffled for, on May 2nd, a Collection of 300 Stamps, mounted in Lallier's Album, many unused, by 60 Members at 1s each. Unused Stamps bought, J. G. OXLEY, 6, Hewitt Street, Waterloo Road, Manchester.

If you have already Purchased an Album, you still ought to have Short's Album for spare stamps; ls., post free. N. SHORT, Green Hill, Grantham.

William Cooke, Esq., Buckland, Dover, has 2000 Obsolete Stamps, including Parma, etc., on hand. Selections sent for inspection on application.

Collectors sending Duplicate Stamps of Liberia, Antigua, Hong Kong, Moldo-Wallachia, Nevis, Cuba, Lucia, Prince Edward Island, Sierra Leone, and Western Australia, to M. GUSTAVE LEGLISE, Dunkerque, France, will receive their value in unobliterated French Stamps, by return of post. Communications to be written in the French language, if possible.

Mr. J. Hooper, 1, Hanover Court, Milton Street, London, E.C.-Foreign Postage Stamps Bought, Sold, or Exchanged. The largest stock of Foreign Postage Stamps, and the cheapest Dealer in London. J. H. has just published a new edition of his Priced Catalogue, containing about 1000 varieties, and wili forward it on receipt of a stamped envelope.

Foreign and Colonial Postage Stamps.— A great variety of Foreign and other Postage Stamps (used and unused) offered for Sale, at low prices, by W. LINCOLN, jun. (at W. S. Lincoln & Son's), 462, New Oxford Street, London, W. C. Priced List sent on receipt of stamped envelope.

Monte Video, 60 c., 6d. each; Russian Env., 5 k., unused, 8d each; Argentine Con., 5 c., 8d, each ; Old Saxony, 6d. each; ditto 3 pf. red, figure, 2s. 6d. ; Old Belgium, 10, 20 c, 4d. each; Buenos Ayres 1 p.. 8d. each; and an immense assortment of Rare Stamps at same low rates. Price List, 4th edition, now ready, sent as usual on receipt of stamped envelope. This List is the cheapest published. H. R. VICTOR, Ormeau Terrace, Belfast.

Jackson and Barker, 77, Canning Street, Liverpool, and St. Stephen's Road, Norwich, can supply, in any quantity, the following and many other scarcer Stainps:Nevis, Antigua, Bahamas, Venezuela, British Columbia, &c. Stamped envelope to accompany every communication. Agents for Continental Dealers.

1s. 3d. Albums. N. Short, Green Hill,

Grantham.

All kinds of Rare and Old Foreign Postage Stamps, amongst which are St. Lucia, Nevis, Pony Express, Confederate States, Local American, and Greek, singly or in sets. French Colonies, 1 c., 5 c., and 10 c., 6d. each, and 40 c., 9d.; Ionian Islands, 1s. per Set of Three; all clean. Address, Mr. F. E. MILLAR, 166, Queen's Road, Dalston, London, N. E. N.B.-Price List forwarded on receipt of two stamps for postage, &c.

Mr. George Prior, of 48, Fenchurch Street, London, E. C., has large numbers of Foreign Postage Stamps for Sale, comprising several hundred varieties. A very large and entirely new Price List forwarded on receipt of two stamps (no envelope required), containing an immense assortment of clean Stamps now out of use. An early application is requested.

Wanted to Purchase a Collection of about 800 Stamps. Address, STAFFORD SMITH & SMITH, the Foreign Stamp and Crest Depot, Bath.

C. W. Deadman, 26, Adelaide Square, Windsor, Dealer in Foreign Postage Stamps. List sent on receipt of one stamp.

Foreign Postage Stamps.-Collectors and

Dealers are recommended to send for W. W. W. DousT's Prico List by enclosing two stamps. They are also recommended to send for Stamps on approval. Good, clean, and rare Stamps cheap. W. W. W. DOUST, High Street, Peckham, Surrey.

Short's 1s. 3d. Album is Unsurpassable.

Stamps! Stamps !! Stamps!!!—C. G., Acomb House, near Manchester, has several thousands of the above (unused) on Sale, at the following rates per dozen :Antigua Id., Ss.; Belgium 1 c., 3d.; Ceylon (Env.) 1d., 10s.; ditto 2d., 10s. 6d. ; France, 2 c., 6d. ; Hanover, gr., ls. ; ditto Bestelgeld, 1s.; Helvetia, 2 c., 6d. ; ditto 3 c., 8d. ; ditto 5 c., 1s.; Honolulu, 5 c., 10s. 6d.; Mecklenburg, s., 6d. Hong Kong, 2 c., 9d. each. Collections Sold at following rates100 varieties, 4s. ; 200, 12s. 6d. ; 500, £3 3s. List sent on receipt of stamped-directed envelope.

R. P. Harley, 18, South Hanover Street, Glasgow (formerly of 14, Gloucester Street), Dealer in Stamps of all kinds. Printed Price List of about 800 varieties will be ready on the 1st of April (3rd edition), which will be sent on receipt of stamp (no envelope being required). R. P. H. also wishes to correspond with parties resident on the Continent, as he has large numbers of British Colonies for Exchange.

Charles Decroix will send a selection of Stamps (at reasonable prices) on approval on receipt of stamped envelope. Bazaar, Dover.

Foreign Postage Stamps.-Thomas Smith, Hutchinson's Coffee House, Coleman Street, London. E. C., has a great many of the above for Sale. He has all kinds of Continental and Colonial for Sale, very cheap. A great many Maltese Halfpenny, at 1s. 3d. per dozen; and Ionian Islands, at 1s. 6d. per set of three. Collectors sending a list of Stamps required will have them returned, with prices marked thereon. Stamped-directed euvelopes must in all accompany all communications.

cases

J. J. H. Stockall and Co., Broad Green, near Liverpool, Wholesale and Retail Dealers in Foreign Postage Stamps, both used and unused, have now on hand a large stock of Stamps. Price List, describing form, value, colour, date of issue, &c., of about 1000 varieties, sent on receipt of two postage stamps. Greece, 1 and 2 lepta, 3d. each, or 2s. per dozen; 5 lepta, 4d. each, or 3s. per dozen; French chiffre taxe, 10 and 15 centimes, 3d. each, or 2s. 6d. per dozen; Pertugal, 5 reis, 2d. each, or 1s. per dozen; Hamburg Boten, Set of 10, Is.; all unused. Not less than one dozen of each supplied at the wholesale prices. Orders under 28 6d. to contain stamp for reply.

W. Young, 1, Kent Street, Glasgow, has for Sale a great many Stamps. Ionian Islands, Yellow, 3d.; Blue, 4d.; Set of Three, 18. 3d.; II. Scheerenbeck's Local Hamburg Stamps, 1s. 3d. per Set of Ten; Lubeck and Bergodorf, 1s. 4d. per Set; Mecklenburg, sch., 1d. each; Bergedorf, Hamburg, Lubeck, sch. ; Denmark, 2 sk.; France, 2 c.; Germany,, gr.; Hanover, 3 pf.; Malta, d., 2d., each. AÚ these are unused. List sent, on receipt of stamp for postage. W. Y. also buys Stamps.

Omega,' Everton, Liverpool, will send his Price List of Foreign Postage Stamps to any address on receipt of a staniped-directed envelope. Collectors will find that their requirements can be supplied on very reasonable terms; as this is one of the cheapest and most comprehensive lists published. It comprises many hundreds of varieties, including all the Continental Stamps now in uso, such as Greece, Ionian Islands, Wallachia, Papal States, Austrian Italy, &c., &c.; and several clean sets of the old issues of Hanover, Oldenburg, &c.; besides an extensive assortment of Colonial and other Stamps,-Antigua, Bahamas, Barbadoes, British Columbia, British Guiana, Buenos Ayres, Canada, Ceylon, Chili, Grenada, India, Jamaica, Liberia, Malta, Manritius, Monte Video, Natal, Nevis, New Brunswick, Newfoundland, New Granada, New South Wales, Nova Scotia, Prince Edward Island, St. Helena, St. Lucia, St. Vincent, Sandwich Islands, Sierra Leone, Trinidad, United States (both local and envelopes), Venezuela, Western Australia, &c. N. B.- Omega' has just issued a wholesale List, which he will forward to any Dealer on receipt of one stamp.

Forged Stamps: How to Detect them. By Thornton Lewes and Edward Pemberton. Containing accurate accounts and descriptions of all Forgeries. free, 1s. 1d. All orders to be sent to E. PEMBERTON, Beaufort Road, Edgbaston, Birmingham.

Post

Third Edition, revised, augmented, and corrected. Catalogue of Postage Stamps,-British, Colonial, and Foreign. By Mount Brown. Containing an accurate description of the form, colour, date of issue, and value of 1600 varieties; and an account of fictitious and counterfeit Stamps, and how to detect them. Price 18.; Post free, 1s. 1d. Bound in Morocco Leather and interleaved for Collectors, 2s.; Post free, 2s. 2d. Address, Mr. BROWN, care of Mr. Passmore, Bookseller, 124, Cheapside, London, priced List of unused postage stamps just issued; Post free, 3d.

Now

To Stamp and Crest Collectors.- Just published, beautifully printed in Colours, 1s., or emblazoned in Gold and Silver, 18. 6d. each sheet; by post, one extra stamp. Sheet 1, Arms of all Nations; 2, Arms of all the Counties in England; 3, Arms of all the Colleges of Oxford; 4, Flags of all Nations; 5, English, French, and Russian Orders; 6, Arms of all the Cambridge Colleges (publishing). London: GEO. MUSGRAVE & Co., Turnham Green, W.

To Foreign Stamp and Crest Collectors. Stafford Smith and Smith's Monthly Circular for April will be sent gratis and post free tɔ any address on application,

New and Revised Edition. Third Thousand. Stafford Smith and Smith's Descriptive Price Catalogue of many hundred varieties of British, Colonial, and Foreign Postage Stamps. Illustrated with Fac-simile Engravings of Rare Stamps. Price 4d.; post free, 5d.

Beautifully printed in Colours.

Stafford Smith and Smith's New and Complete set of Postage Stamp Album Labels. Comprising upwards of 130 Titlos, geographically arranged by Dr. J. E. GRAY, F.RS., F.L.S., F.Z.S., &c., of the British Museum. Will be ready on the 1st of May.

Important to those about to Collect. Stafford Smith and Smith's Five-Shilling Packet of Foreign Postage Stamps. Containing 50 varieties of Foreign Stamps, all in good condition, many being unobliterated. Post free, 58. ld.

To Collectors of Unobliterated Postage Stamps. Stafford Smith and Smith's Two-andSixpenny Packet of Unobliterated Postage Stamps. Containing 20 varieties of Colonial and Foreign Stamps, all unused. Post free, 2s. 7d.

To Collectors of Arms. Crests, and Monograms. Stafford Smith and Smith's Key to Several Hundred Varieties of Arms, Crests, Monograms, &c. Price 1d.; post free, 2d.

This Magazine will be forwarded regularly every month, to any part of the world, on receipt of the annual subscription of Four Shillings; which may be remitted in unused postage stamps current in the country whence the order is received.

Stafford Smith & Smith, 13, George Street, Bath, England.

Ce Magasin-ci se sera transmis tous les mois, à toutes les parties du monde, en envoyant aux Messieurs Smith la souscription annuelle (5 francs), en timbres-poste neufs du pays d' où vient

l'ordre.

Stafford Smith & Smith, 13, George Street, Bath, England.

Questo Magazzino sara trasmiso tutti i mest, in ciascuno parte del mondo dagli autori, ricevendo il prezzo annuale (5 lire), in franchi bolli non segnati del paese dove arrivi il comando.

Stafford Smith & Smith, 13, George Street, Bath, England.

Ese Almacen sera enviado cada mes a todos los partes del mundo por los publicadores á la receta del precio anual (20 reales), en sellos del correo nuevos del pais del qual sea llegato el orden. Stafford Smith & Smith, 13, George Street, Bath, England.

Dieses Journal wird jeden Monat nach allen Ländern der Welt von den Herausgebern beförden werden, nach Empfang des jährlichen Betrages, (1) thaler), welcher in ungebrauchten Briefmarken von dem Lande, von welchem die Order gekommen ist, entrichtet werden kann.

Stafford Smith & Smith, 13, George Street, Bath, England,

London: Published by E. MARLBOROUGH & Co., 4, Ave Maria Lane, EC.; and STAFFORD SMITH & SMITH, Foreign Stamp and Crest Depôt, 13, George Street, Bath, to whose care all Communications for the Editor are to be addressed.