12. By what agencies, civil and military, was the Restoration brought about? At what date and under what circumstances did the Long Parliament decree its own dissolution?

13. Why was the Cavalier Parliament so called? Show from the character of its earlier legislation how its composition differed from that of the preceding Convention.

14. What was the Popish Plot, 1678? What circumstances tended to confirm the popular belief in its reality? What was Shaftesbury's attitude towards the Plot ?

HISTORY OF THE BRITISH EMPIRE.-PART II.

Professor Elkington.

Answer fully and clearly TEN, and only Ten, of the following questions.

1. What is the first instance of conflict between the Norman and the Irish land laws?

Contrast carefully the tribal and the feudal systems as forms of social life.

2. Upon what occasions did William the Third exercise the Royal Veto? Why was it not generally exercised by the Stuart Kings? When was it last exercised? Why is it not now exercised?

3. "The state of the currency had during some time occupied the serious attention of four eminent men."-MACAULAY, vol. iv., p. 120.

(a) Describe the state of the currency, and show the necessity for remedial measures.

(b) Who were the eminent men alluded to above? (c) What remedial measures were eventually adopted?

4. How do you account for the sudden collapse of the Tory party which followed the accession of the House of Hanover?

5. Trace the chief causes of the decline of the power of royalty during the reigns of George the First and George the Second.

6. Give some account of the course of events in Scotland during the reign of George the Second.

7. Show how England became a party to the War of the Spanish Succession.

8. Give some account of the development of music and of the drama in Great Britain during the eighteenth century.

9. What do you consider to be the true character of the political struggle which was terminated by the overthrow of Lord North's ministry?

10. Give some account of Mr. Pitt's commercial policy in regard to Ireland. Was it successful?

11. Explain the circumstances under which Great Britain entered into the Peninsular War.

12. Trace briefly but clearly the course of events between the death of Mr. Canning and the resignation of the government of the Duke of Wellington.

13. Trace briefly the principal phases in the growth and development of the Railway System in Great Britain.

14. "In the whole history of Greater Britain, from its commencement at the end of Elizabeth's reign, we may perhaps distinguish three great periods." -SEELEY, p. 287.

Distinguish and characterize each period.

POLITICAL ECONOMY.

Professor Elkington.

Answer fully and clearly TEN, and only Ten, of the following questions.

1. "As the attempt to satisfy the primary appetites thus gives rise to new desires, so the actual increase of these desires tends of itself to a still further

development."-Plutology, p. 14.

Elucidate this passage clearly, and trace the cause of the diversity of human desires.

2. Point out clearly the various ways in which the efficiency of labour is promoted by invention.

3. Summarize and discuss briefly the principal causes which go to create differences in industrial efficiency.

4. Discuss and exemplify the means whereby the efficiency of natural agents is increased.

5. What do you understand by the "law of increasing return"? How far is it operative? If it were universal, what consequences would follow ?

6. Examine carefully the definition of the term Capital. On what conditions does the growth of capital depend? Could a society be continuously progressive while capital was steadily declining?

7. What meaning do you attach to the term Value? Explain the causes of the ambiguity which usually surrounds the use of the term.

8. Distinguish between Value and Utility. Is a useful thing necessarily beneficial? What is meant by active utility, prospective utility, potential utility, total utility, final utility, and marginal utility respectively?

9. According to Professor Walker, Profits are a species of the same genus as Rent. Discuss this doctrine, and give (a) the generic, (b) the specific characters of Rent.

10. (a) Do high wages imply a high cost of labour? (b) Do low wages imply a low cost of labour? Give your reasons fully.

11. What appear to be the principal conditions necessary for the successful management of an industry by the State?

12. Indicate the principal considerations, other than mere differences in money wages, that have to be taken into account in forming an estimate of the changes which have occurred during the present century in the economic condition of the English working classes.

13. Professor Marshall mentions certain practical issues which stimulate the inquiries of the English economist at the present time. Consider some of them.

14. Protection has been represented to the working classes in America as conferring a great benefit on them, because it is said that wages are higher in the protected industries in America than they are in the same industries in free-trade England. Criticise this argument carefully.