MENTAL PHILOSOPHY.

Professor Laurie.

To be used as Honour Paper No. 2 for Second Year Students, and as Pass Paper No. 2 for Third Year Students.

1. Consider critically Spencer's distinction between vivid and faint states of consciousness as a basis of classification.

2. State the "Universal Postulate" as given by Spencer, showing clearly the various beliefs to which he considers that it is applicable.

3. Examine Spencer's negative justification of Realism. 4. In what respects does the Transfigured Realism of Spencer differ from Hypothetical Realism as held, for example, by Locke?

5. On what grounds does Lotze object to the theory that consciousness is a mere resultant of physical or physiological facts?

6. What is Lotze's attitude towards the theory of unconscious mental states? Explain the state

ment that in the course of our ideas the more interesting idea conquers.

7. What hypothesis is entertained by Lotze as to the physiological conditions of the "local character"

of vision ?

8. Can memory be shown to have a corporeal basis? And, if so, will a reference to this basis suffice to explain the mental facts? Refer, in your answer, to Lotze's treatment of this subject.

MORAL PHILOSOPHY.

Professor Laurie.

1. Explain the distinction drawn by Plato between morality founded on knowledge, and the habitual morality founded on opinion. Refer, in your answer, to Plato's description of the ideal state in its bearing on this question.

2. "Some hold that the object of wish is the good, others hold that it is what seems good." Show how this question arose in Greek moral philosophy. What answer was given to it by Aristotle?

3. Give an outline of the leading features of the Epicurean doctrine of morals.

4. What, in your view, was the exact measure of importance attached by Butler to "a due concern about our own interest or happiness"?

5. Does Kant, in his "Fundamental Principles of the Metaphysic of Morals," profess to set forth a new principle of morality, or only a new formula? Give reasons, drawn from the work named, for your answer.

6. State, and comment upon, the distinction drawn by Kant between rules of skill, counsels of prudence, and commands of morality.

7. "The motive has nothing to do with the morality of the action, though much with the worth of the agent." Comment upon this feature of Utilitarianism, as explained by Mill.

8. Is the doctrine of psychological hedonism necessary (a) to empirical Utilitarianism; (b) to the rational Utilitarianism of Spencer? Give your

reasons.

9. State, and consider, Spencer's theory of moral intuitions as the results of accumulated experiences of Utility.

NATURAL PHILOSOPHY.-PART I.

The Board of Examiners.

PASS AND FIRST HONOURS PAPER.

TEN questions only to be attempted.

1. Establish the law. for perfect machines that what is gained in force is lost in speed; and apply it to determine the mechanical advantage of the screw press.

When a machine absorbs energy show that its efficiency is equal to the product of the forceratio by the speed-ratio.

2. A small car (mass C) with a load (mass L) is drawn along a horizontal table by a cord running over a pulley fastened to the edge of the table with a weight (mass M) attached to its end. If the cord between the pulley and the car lie horizontally and in the line of motion of the car, and if the time T taken by the car to move

from rest a distance of one metre be observed, deduce the value of g from the following results of three experiments (friction neglected):—

3. Describe, with full experimental detail, how to determine the coefficient of torsion of a wire.

4. Define pressure. State and establish the principle of the transmissibility of fluid pressure.

Express in C.G.S. units the standard barometric pressure. (Density of mercury

13.59.)

5. Describe the construction and give the theory of the hydraulic press.

Describe the hydraulic accumulator.

6. Describe the constant volume air thermometer, and how to use it.

7. A lead bullet strikes a steel target with a velocity of 200 metres per second. Find the rise of temperature produced in the bullet by the impact, supposing all the energy to be converted into heat within the bullet. (Specific heat of lead = •0314, J = 42 × 10%)

8. Explain how quantity of illumination is specified, and describe fully how to determine the quantity of illumination in a given weight of kerosene. 9. Define unit quantity of electricity, potential, capacity.

Show that the work expended in charging a conductor of capacity Cto potential V is = {/ CV2. 10. Describe Lord Kelvin's astatic mirror galvanometer, and how to measure E.M.F.'s by its

means.

11. The resistance of a uniform conductor being by definition proportional to its length, describe how to verify the relation ERC for a uniform conductor where E is the difference of potential, and R the resistance between any two points of it, and C the current flowing through it.

12. Describe the construction and explain the action of a continuous current series dynamo with Siemens's armature.

NATURAL PHILOSOPHY.-PART II.

The Board of Examiners.

PASS AND FIRST HONOURS PAPER.

TEN questions only to be attempted.

1. Define the terms bulk-modulus and rigidity, and explain fully how each is measured for a solid.

Determine the value of the bulk-modulus for

a perfect gas.

G