206 propofed to conduct her to the hymeneal ced himself to our heroine in the tru altar. When the marriage took place, ftyle of bufinefs: inftead of enumeratin the bridegroom's affairs were in a prof her charms, and telling her how muc perous ftate, and his profpect of fuccefs he adored her, he faid fhe was a fir was flattering; but, either from fome girl, and, if fhe was not unreafonat mifconduct in bufinefs, or fome other in her demands, he should like to mak cause, his finances fell into great difor- a bargain with her. He concluded wi der in the courfe of three or four years, obferving, that he knew her fituatio and he and his Ifabella could no longer and that he was at full liberty to for fare fumptuoufly. The lady, not hav- fuch a connection as he required. Ifabella approved of the general dr ing the flighteft regard for her husband, and being reduced to fhort commons, of the converfation of our hero, but £ which the married folely to prevent, wifhed him to defcend to particulars: thought proper to propofe terms of fepa- had not hinted at any particular f ration to her fpoufe. The conditions which he would allow for prefent fu were thought fo reafonable that they were fiftente-money; nor had he talked of a acceded to, and a voluntary divorce took place accordingly. With a small annual allowance, barely fufficient to fupport her without the aid of her own endeavours, the repaired to the houfe of her aunt, an old maiden lady, who was glad to retain her in the capacity of a companion, and to find her in board and lodging. This was an agreeable propofal to our heroine, as it would enable her to fave her little annuity, and fuffer it to accumulate in the funds. Ifabella did not properly deferve the epithet of beautiful, but fhe was, " take her for all in all," a pleafing figure: inftead of adorning her pecfon according to the haut ton, the modeftly followed the fafhion, kept always at the diftance of three or four years behind it; but he made up in neatnefs her deficiency of taste, and attracted the notice of every one by an unaffected fimplicity. Mercator, our hero, faw her, and was fettlement, fuppofing any mifunderftas ing fhould happen to diffolve the pa nerfhip. With her ufual prudence, fi infifted upon a full inveftigation of t bufinefs, previous to the ratification the treaty; and when every thing wa adjufted agreeable to her wither, f fuffered the Autumnal Lover to condu her to his houfe and bed. As our heroine confults only her int eft, and is aftonifhed that other moti fhould actuate any woman, the and hoary mate may probably enjoy trang lity together. She never will didike fwain to long as he allows her fufficie food and raiment, and he never will fert her while only fuch trivial confic rations are wifhed or coveted. Account of the Death of Lord Raff [From the Secret Hiftory of the Court a Reign of Charles the Second] AFTER the condemnation of th of those who were accufed c ftruck with the naiveté of her appearance. Though in the autumn of life, he had not forgot the pleafures of fpring confpiracy against the king's life, a and fummer: he found means to become who were tried firft, in order to infa acquainted with the hiftory of Ifabella, the minds of the public, and to contou and flattered himself that he might fuc- the charge of an infurrection with cefsfully open a channel of negociation of the affaffination-plot, lord Ruf and the pu with her. He was happy to be inform- eminent above all the nobility for ed that he was of a mercenary difpofi- fimplicity of his manners, tion, because he was rich, and able there- of his life, was pitched on to be the fore to gratify her in that particular. facrifice. When the prifoner Merely as a lover, the might probably court, he defired a delay of his ma the next day, becaufe fome of his object to his age or perfon; but, as a lover of money, he knew himself capable ne fes could not arrive in town bet ))-- frund himself as evening. This reafonable reque came Lief inflice, termen lined to comply with, but was prevent- lordship's friends, that a pardon might d by the attorney-general, who with be procured, provided he would acknowalignant falfehood obferved, that the ledge the doctrine of non-refiftance innloner did not intend to have granted its fullest extent; and Dr. Tillotion and be king the delay of one hour to fave Dr. Burnet endeavoured, though in vain, life. The next important queftion to reafon the prifoner into a confeffion. dated to the jury, who were all of them I can have no conception," faid he, Lotorioully devoted to the wicked" of a limited monarchy, which has not a right to defend its own limitations; and my confcience will not permit me to fay otherwife to the king." Lord Cavendifh had lived in the clofeft intimacy with Ruffel, and did not defert his friend in the prefent calamity: he offered to manage his efcape by changing cloaths with him; but the prifoner refufed to fave his own life by an expedient, which might expofe his friend to many hardfhips; and when the duke of Monmouth fent a meffage, that he would chearfully furrender himfelf, if Ruffel thought that this meature would anywife contribute to his fafety," It will be no advantage to me," he said, "to have my friends die with me." arpofes of the court, that no candour, A notion had prevailed among his The conduct of lord Ruffel during his trial, his confinement, at his death, and, in a more fevere teft of fortitude, the parting with his wife and children, was perfectly conformable to that dignified fimplicity, purity, and devotion, which had diftinguished the whole tenor of his life. With a deep filence, with a long and fixed look, in which refpect and affection, unmingled with paffion, were expreffed, lord and lady Ruffel parted for ever: his eyes followed her's while he quitted the room, and when he loft fight of her, he faid to Dr. Burnet, who attended him in the character of a friend and clergyman, "The bitterness of death is now paffed." With a view of indulging the infolence of party, and of mortifying the exclufionifts with the fight of their beloved leader conducted to execution through the principal ftreets of London, the fcaffold was erected in Lincoln's-Inn Fields; a circumftance which, however it might fhock the feelings of his friends, had no effect on the prifoner, who whilft he feemed touched with the tenderness of thofe among the fpectators who could not refrain from tears, expreffed no indignation at others who had the barbarity to infult him in his paffage. On looking looking towards Southampton-houfe, the opportunely difpofed of by the hands of tear ftarted in his eye, but he inftantly others. wiped it away. He was attended by A French foldier who lay covered with wounds on the field of Dettingen, demanded of an English officer how the battle was likely to terminate; and being anfwered that the British troops had obtained a great victory; "My poor king," faid the dying foldier, "what will he do?" Anecdotes of Salvator Rofa. THIS great artist is well known as Dr. Tillotfon and Dr. Burnet, the one A remarkable Inflance of Affection in a to affift him in his devotion, and the French Soldier towards his Sovereign. other to do juftice to his memory; and when he arrived at the fcaffold, addreffing himself to one of the theriffs, he said, he did not love much speaking, nor expected now to be well heard; he had therefore fet down in a paper, which he then delivered, what he had thought proper to leave behind him; and added, God knows how far I always was from any defigns againft the king's perfon, or of altering the government; and I ftill pray for the prefervation of both, and the proteftant religion. In the words of a dying man I profefs I know of no plot a painter of landfcapes and of either against the king's life, or the go- Hiftory. He was befides a painter of vernment: but I have now done with fatirical pictures. One of them upon this world, and am going to a better: I the court of Rome, is at the duke of forgive all my enemies; I thank God, I Beaufort's princely feat at Badmindie in charity with all men; and I with ton. It reprefents an Afs covered all fincere proteftants may love one ano- with the Papal Pallium, or Pall, ther, and not make way for popery by to which the different nations of their animofities." After fome time fpent Europe are paying homage under the in devotion, the prifoner embraced his figures of different animals, as a Cock two friends, and with a chearful and fe- for France, a Hog for Germany, &c. rene countenance laid his head on the For painting this picture, he was oblig block, which was fevered from the body ed to fly from Rome. His fatires in by two ftrokes of the axe; and, to the verfe upon the corruptions of the Court mortification of the court, the fpirit of of Rome in his time, are in every one's party was fo far fubdued by fympathy, hands. Under his own portrait Salvator that on the expofure of the bleeding wrote thefe lines: head, with the ufual proclamation, the fcaffold refounded with the univerfal groans and lamentations of the fpecta tors. Ingenuus, liber, pictor, fervator & xqui Spretor opum mortifque. Hic meus eft genius. On the day that lord Ruffel was brought to his trial, the king and the duke of York, from a curiofity unworthy of their rank, or the characters of gentlemen, went to the Tower, in order to fee him pafs. As they were going back to their barge, the cry followed, that lord Effex had cut his own throat; and this intelligence was quickly conveyed to the Old Bailey, where the king's counfel made a very unwarrantable ufe of it to confirm the plot, and to render lord Ruffel more apparently guilty: a circumftance that gave the ftronger credit to another report which immediately prevailed, that the earl had not been his own murderer, but that he had been very ed. Salvator Rofa was a Neapolitan Lazarone, and was concerned in the riots in that city under Maffaniello. At Mr. Bromley's, at Abberley in Worcesterfhire, there is a portrait by Salvator of this illuftrious rebel, as a fisherman, with a large fith in his hand. It is painted with great force, and represents Maffaniello as a man of a very determined countenance. It is a pity that no good engraving has been made from it. It would make a moft excellent mezzotinto, from the force of light and fhade with which it is paint Copy ing a war, occafioned the moft unjuft and defpotic aggrelion, and rende neceffary by the moft imperious circumftances, have fuccefiively and feparately published the particular motives of their conduct. Animated, however, by a regard for the facred interefts of humanity, their Imperial and Royal Majefties, thinking it not fufficient to have communicated to the different courts of Europe the circumftances which oblige them to have recourse to arms, confider it as of importance to their glory, and the happinets of their faithful fubjects, to enlighten all nations refpecting the caufes and effects of the late deplorable revolution in France, and, in a manifefto, to lay open to the prefent generation, as well as to pofterity, their motives, their intentions, and the dif interestedness of their perfonal views. ing the firm guardians of the happiness However celebrated the French Revo lution may unhappily have been, a manifefto against it ought to exhioit a true picture of it; and it is by fats alone that the public can be enabled to judge' of this grand caufe of all nations, against faction and rebellion. For four years paft, Europe has viewed with attention, and beheld with increafing indignation, the revolution which has oppreffed France, and which detains in captivity an auguft monarch, worthy of the love of his fubjects, and entitled to the efteem, frienathip, and fupport of all fovereigns. Since his acceffion to the throne, it is well known that his moft chriftian majefty has teftified, in every poffible manner, his affection for his fubjects; his love of juftice, his conftant and fincere defire to eftablish order and economy in Taking up arms for the purpofe of the adminiftration of his finances, and maintaining focial and political order his honefty towards the creditors of the among all polished nations, and to fe- nation. To make perfonal facrifices cire to each itate its religion, happinefs, was his higheft enjoyment, and a deindependence, territories, and real con- fire of complying with public opinion ftitution, it is to be prefumed the ufe has always determined him in the choice" which their Imperial and royal majefties of his meafures: continually employed in are about to make, for the general fafety deviling means for relieving his people, of the forces committed by Providence and for knowing and gratifying the pubto their difpofal, will confole mankind, lic withes, he has erred with them and if poffible, forthe evils to which war for them; obeyed the dictates of humahas already expofed them, and for that nity rather than thofe of juftice; and blood which the disturbers of public overlooked their faults, in hopes that tranquillity may yet caufe to be ihed. they would repair them without renderIn this hope, their Majefties have not ing it neceffary for him to have recourle hefitated to give to all nations, and toto punishment, calumny itself has, howall individuals, the great example of forgetting, on the appearance of common danger, their ancient divillons, and their private concerns, that they may attend only to the public good, in a crilis fo important, of which no inftance is to be found in hiftory. They taink, and with juftice, that, on this occafion, all empires, and allitates, ought to be unaminous, and that all fovereigns, becomHib. Mag. Sept. 1792. 'ever, always refpected his intentions, and the molt criminal and audacious factions, while attacking his fovereign authority, and infulting his facred perfon, ftruck by his private virtues, have cither been able, nor dared to deny them. After trying, in vain, every method that occurred to him of promoting the welfare of his fubjects, of discharging D d the the public debt of the nation-unfortu- might have recovered the most estranged nate in his choice of measures, deceived hearts, and the moft alienated minds, in his hopes, and difappointed by vari- and which ought, in a peculiar manner, ous events yet ftill firm in his benevo- to have infpired with the moft lively gralent intentions, and encouraged, though titude, a people loaded with kindness there was no occafion for his being fo, by their king, were fcarcely pronouncby the Queen and all the royal family, ed, when the fignal of revolt was given to inceffantly purfue the object of his on all fides. One of the three orders, wishes, the darling paffion of his heart, converting a riorientary conceffion into the happiness of his people, Louis XVI. a right, and abuting a double reprefentanot finding the fuccour which he fought tion, the object of which, on the part in the affembly of the notables, con of the monarch, was to increase his invoked the ftates general of the kingdom. formation, without increafing his preHe was defirous of collecting around ponderance, wifhed, by taking the lead, him, in the three orders of the monar- to fwallow up the other two, and to chy, all his fubjects, and to ask them- bear them down by its weight. In vain felves by what means he could at length did the laws of the monarchy, the aurender them happy. Scrupulous even thority of the precedent, the nature of in the form, and fearing to take any things, and the facred and imprefcripti thing upon himself, he endeavoured to ble rights of each other, oppofe this amlearn, in every manner poffible, the bitious, unjuft and illegal confufion. The public opinion refpecting the calling to refiftance of the two firft orders were foon gether of the ftates general; he found overcome, by turning against them their himfelf compelled, by circumftances love for the king; oppofing the danger of which his goodnefs and magnanimous the monarch, and exciting a revolt, which loyalty could not avoid, to change, in threatened in an imminent degree the this convocation, the antient form fol- life of his most chriftian majefty. On lowed by his predeceffors*; he figned, without diftruft, orders, infidioufly and artfully drawn up, which endangered his fovereign authority, tended to excite difcord, and infinuated difobedience to his commands. Under these fatal aufpices, the ftates general met; and one of the beft kings that France can boaft of, addreffed to this auguft but foon af ter criminal affembly, thefe valuable words, which Sovereigns, who might have found them in their own fentiments, ftill take a pleasure in repeating: "Every thing that can be expected from the tendereft intereft in the happinefs of the public-every thing that can be required of a fovereign, the best friend of his people, you may and ought to hope for from my fentimentst." These memorable expreflions, which NOTE S. *Refults of the Councils of December 27, 1788. Letters of convocation addreffed to the grand Bailiffs. Speech of the king on opening the fates general, 5th May, 1789. the report of a danger, which the two firft orders might doubtlefs have defpifed, had it threatened only them, confternation put an end to reafoning-there was no longer room for deliberation-it was neceffary to act. The nobility and clergy rushed into the affembly, with the third eftate, to fave France from the moft horrid of crimes; and from that moment the ftates general, in ceafing to be free, ceafed to exift, The monrrchy was overturned by a mad and tumultuous affembly; rebelli ous fubjects, deputed towards the fovereign to learn his decifions, and to receive his laws, dared to dictate to him others, which in every refpect were intole-1 rable, and violently pulled down that throne which they were called to fupport. They commenced their facrilegious ufurpation by violating the oath they took when they received their powers. They had the audacity to ftyle themfelves the national conftituent affembly, as if they had poffeffed a right to conftitute themfelves what they were not established, and when they were only the deputies of the affemblies of the Bailiwicks, the real reprefentatives of the nation. Perjured |