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proprietor of Ardross, Fife, were supposed to have gone to London in the train of James VI. of Scotland when the family estates were sold. The chevalier may have been descended from one of them. A younger son had previously gone to Orkney, of which and Zetland he became sheriff and commissary under Earl Robert Stewart, and afterwards under his son Earl Patrick. The male line of this branch will die with my informant, Mr. Dishington, corn-merchant, Leith. SETH WAIT.

AGGAS'S MAP OF LONDON, 1560 (3rd S. xii. 504.) I fear that I put my query respecting this map somewhat ambiguously. I am aware that there is a copy of the original map in the wonderfully fine London collection at the City Library, Guildhall, but my query referred to the locality of the Sloane copy of it. It must be a map of the most extraordinary rarity, and I believe that Mr. E. W. Ashbee has resolved to produce a lithographic facsimile of it. A more valuable contribution to London topography can hardly be imagined. How well do I recall the pleasant conversations with my late dear friend, Mr. Fairholt, on this and other London maps; and his continual expression of regret that there was so little encouragement for the production of a contemplated work on the subject.

;

J. O. HALLIWELL.

There are two, if not three, original copies of this map in existence: one in the Guildhall Library one in the Pepysian Collection in Magdalen College, Cambridge; and one stated to be in the Library, Lambeth Palace. The size is 6 ft. 3 in. x 2ft. 4 in., on six sheets and two halfsheets. A facsimile was executed, in 1748, by Geo. Vertue on six sheets for the Society of Antiquaries. These copies are frequently to be

met with.

T. H. W.

EXECUTION OF LOUIS XVI. (3rd S. xi. 521.) The following anecdote may not be uninteresting to some readers. I had read on the morning of a day that I dined with Prince Talleyrand, an article in the Quarterly Review which was supposed to have been written by Mr. Croker. I forget what it was, but the subject was the French Revolution; and there were details of the execution on the Place, called, at different times, Louis Quinze, de la Révolution, and de la Concorde. Prince Talleyrand lived in a house at the corner of this Place, out of the Rue St. Florentin, and the room in which he received his guests had a balcony looking over it. It was one of the long days of summer, and, with Mr. Croker's article in my head, I, after dinner, asked the prince in what part of the place the guillotine was placed, thinking, as I believe most people do, that it was in the centre. The prince said "No," and, hobbling into the balcony, pointed out its situation, half way be

tween the present obelisk and the wide entrance to the garden of the Tuileries, which I understood him did not exist at that period. HOWDEN.

LATTEN OR BRONZE (3rd S. xii. 301.)-Musical hand-bells, as used by members of campanological bands, are made of a compound metal called latten. It is a mixture of copper and tin, and therefore bronze. House-bells are likewise made of latten. The proportion of the constituents for the former bells is 16 parts by weight of copper, with 3 of tin: and for the latter, 16 of copper with 4 of tin. THOMAS WALESBY. Golden Square.

LETTERS OF GOTTLIEB SCHICK (3rd S. xii. 495.) The punctuation of lines 14-20 of the second column perverts the sense. Please to read:"Joseph Koch, the German painter, whose works," says Friedrich von Schlegel, 'in his best time, are the most remarkable in the entire cycle of modern German art, from the deep feeling concentrated in them, and the luxuriant richness of nature which they represent'the two Schlegels - Ludwig Tieck and his gifted brother Friedrich the sculptor," &c.

H. K.

SPANISH DOLLARS (3rd S. ix. 368, 460.) H. W. D. rightly says "Your correspondent has committed an error in this couplet, which spoils the sense"; but I would beg to add, that both have spoiled the sense of justice. Although poor George III. was long blind and insane, he was no fool; no more was Charles III. of Spain an ass: and, to speak but of the latter, methinks the following it: prove

will

He first of all reigned over Parma, which he inherited from his mother Elizabeth Farnese, in 1731. His father Philip V. having ceded to him the Two Sicilies in 1734, he remained, after beating the Imperialists at Bitonto in 1735, undisputed king under the name of Charles VI.; and, for the space of twenty-eight years, governed these states with mildness and wisdom. In 1759 he succeeded his brother Ferdinand VI. on the throne of Spain. In 1761 took place the Pacte de famille, between him and Louis XV., which guaranteed the rights of the House of Bourbon. He was not fortunate, certainly, in the first war waged by France and Spain against England in 1762; but in the second (1778) he captured Mahon, and got Louisiana ceded to him. knew well to choose his ministers, and always governed with judgment and justice. His constant efforts tended towards the amelioration of the state of Spain. To him is due the Canal of Tudela, good highroads, the Custom House and Post Office at Madrid, the Museum of National History, the Botanical Garden, the Academy of Painting, and the Hospital. He likewise abolished, for a time, bull-fights-was very much_beloved, and his memory venerated.

He

P. A. L.

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"The whip may be challenged for on the Monday or Tuesday in the first spring, or on Monday and Tuesday in the second October meeting in each year; and the acceptance must be signified, or the whip resigned before the end of the same meeting. If challenged for and accepted in the spring, to be run for on the Tuesday in the second October meeting following: and if in the October, on the Thursday in the first spring meeting following. Beacon Course, to stake 200 sovs. each, play or pay; weight, 10 st."

To the best of my recollection Mr. Chaplin, owner of Hermit, the Derby winner, challenged in the spring, and now holds the whip with his horse Rama, as the Marquis of Hastings, who held it with Lecturer, refused to run. J. WILKINS, B.C.L.

MEDICAL QUERY (3rd S. xii. 347.)- If MR. CRAWLEY were to go to the next horse-fair, and by the light of his own unassisted judgment buy a horse "tied up to the rail," from "a coper," he would most probably buy a "shotten piper,' "i. e. a broken-winded horse, whose infirmity was for a time concealed by a liberal dose of shot and tallow. I believe the arsenic contained in the shot is the efficient cause. At any rate, arsenic is good for the wind of horses or dogs, and, possibly, indigestion in man. I occasionally run greyhounds, and always finish off their training by giving them, during the last fortnight, a daily dose of ten drops of liq. potass. arsenitis, or "Fowler's solution," which contains grain of arsenic in the fluid drachm. J. WILKINS, B.C.L.

BRITISH MUSEUM DUPLICATES (3rd S. xii. 342.) This note reminds me of some of my old experiences at the British Museum Reading Rooni. I had occasion, nearly thirty years ago, to study pretty closely the Complutensian Polyglott: the copy which was brought me was already stamped Duplicate," just, I think, as I had seen books marked which have been sold from the library. In case of dishonesty, the book was already marked as if it had been disposed of. I wished to obtain a copy for myself of the Complutensian Polyglott; and seeing this stamp, I made inquiry if it were for sale. I was told that it was ordered to be retained, after it had been marked to be sold.

Soon after this, I obtained a good copy at a sale, which still holds a conspicuous place in my study; so that I have had no occasion to inquire for the Museum duplicate, which I hope (in spite of the stamp on it) is still in its location. It was bound in old red morocco, with the royal arms on the sides; such as they became from the union with Scotland in 1707, until that with Ireland in 1801, that is, with the first quarter party per pale England and Scotland.

LELIUS.

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"On that same day, in 1820, the Duke of Orleans went to congratulate the Duchess of Berri on the birth of a son, who might one day be King of France"?

I always understood that the Duke of Orleans, on the contrary, formally protested at the time, in the hands of Louis XVIII., against the recognition of L'Enfant du Miracle. P. A. L.

JAMES KEIR, F.R.S. (3rd S. xii. 413.)- Some details of the life and works of this eminent man of science of the last century-the friend of Boulton, Watt, Murdock, Priestley, Darwin, and others, who made Birmingham so famous a century ago-are now being published in the “Local Notes and Queries" of the Birmingham Journal, copies of which shall be sent if your querist will send you his address. ESTE.

Miscellaneous.

NOTES ON BOOKS, ETC.

Historical Memorials of Westminster Abbey. By Arthur of Westminster. Penrhyn Stanley, D.D., Dean (Murray.)

Canterbury by a very pleasing and instructive history of Dr. Stanley signalised his occupation of the Deanery of the magnificent cathedral of that city. Having happily been transferred to Westminster, he has done the same good service to the "Royal and National Sanctuary

entrusted to his charge: and as Westminster must hold

far higher rank than Canterbury in historical importance, so will the work before us, in which the Dean has endeavoured, and very successfully, to give us "The History of England in Westminster Abbey," greatly exceed in interest and information the Canterbury volume. The Dean has shown considerable judgment in the manner in which he has contrived to treat harmoniously the various, and in some respects discordant, materials with which he has had to deal. From the foundation of the Abbey, its legendary traditions, and the motives and character of the Confessor, he proceeds to consider his death, from which sprang the coronation of William the Conqueror, which carries with it the coronations of all

our sovereigns. The third chapter is devoted to the tombs of the kings; and their connection with the structure of the church is so intimate, that the Dean here introduces such notices of the architectural changes as are compatible with the object of his book. From the burials of the kings, follow naturally the burials of their more or less illustrious subjects; and the work is wound up by a notice of the events and personages (chiefly ecclesiastical) that have figured within the Precincts before and since the Reformation. It would seem diffi

cult to imagine anything which could add to the interest of a meditative stroll through the glories of St. Peter's, Westminster; but a preliminary reading of Dean Stanley's Memorials will undoubtedly fit us to turn to still more profitable account the thoughts and reflections which must arise in our minds as we tread these solemn aisles, and think of the mighty dead by whose monuments we are surrounded.

Curiosities of London, exhibiting the most rare and remarkable Objects of Interest in the Metropolis, with nearly Sixty Years' Personal Recollections. By John Timbs, F.S.A. A new Edition, corrected and enlarged. (Longmans.)

The twelve years which have elapsed since Mr. Timbs first presented his Curiosities of London to the public have not effected greater changes in the metropolis itself than in the volume which our author has dedicated to its history. It was then a squat closely-printed duodecimo; it is now a goodly neatly-printed octavo of nearly nine hundred pages. Nor is the change confined to its size. It is enlarged as well as improved. And we think it would be hard to find a London building or locality of which the chief points of historical interest are not pleasantly related in Mr. Timbs' very useful volume. Sussex Archæological Collections. Vols. XVIII. and XIX. (Bacon, Lewes.)

Talmud" in the number before us, an article adopting very different views from those of The Quarterly, will share our regret.

Talking of The Quarterly reminds us to bring under the notice of our readers The Quarterly Review, Nos. 241, 242, forming the General Index to Vols. C1. to CXX. inclusive. The value of a set of The Quarterly is greatly diminished when it wants the Indices; and these, if not secured at once, are sometimes difficult to meet with. More about Junius. The Franciscan Theory unsound. Reprinted from "Fraser's Magazine," with Additions by A. Hayward, Q.C. (Longmans.)

If a perusal of Mr. Parke's Life of Francis has left upon the minds of any of its readers an impression that Sir Philip was Junius, Mr. Hayward's arguments will, we think, thoroughly remove it. This enlarged reprint of the article in Fraser's Magazine is a valuable addition to the long list of essays on Junius.

The publications of this Society continue to possess general as well as local interest. That it has adopted a paid editor is only in the ordinary course of events, when the older members, like Mr. Blaauw, are obliged to withdraw from active participation in the volumes; but the two noticed above do credit to the members. They continue to give the results of more recent discoveries, as well as original documents extracted from the ample resources placed at the disposal of literary men by the Master of the Rolls, and from other MS. collections. Jack Cade's rising; the route of Charles II. in 1651; the notice of flint implements; the Royalist composition papers, and the early notices of Bosham, are of importance beyond the county. The authentic notices of Jack Cade and his followers, for the first time printed, give direct contradiction to the popular opinion as to that rebellion. Cade was not deserted by his followers, obtaining their pardons without his knowledge; and the participation in the movement by the Abbot of Battle, the Prior of Lewes, and many of the principal families in East Sussex, shows that it was not a mere revolt of uneducated men.

BOOKS AND ODD VOLUMES
WANTED TO PURCHASE.

Particulars of price, &c., of the following Book to be sent direct to the gentlemen by whom it is required, whose names and address are given for that purpose:

Letters and Papers, Foreign and Domestic, of the Reign of Henry VIII., preserved in the Public Record Office, the British Museum, and elsewhere in England, arranged and catalogued by J. S. Brewer, M.A. Vol. III., Parts I. and 11. (Longmans.)

SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS for 1805. Vol. IX. London, 1806.
A LETTER TO THE DUKE OF GRAFTON, ON THE PRESENT POSITION OF
AFFAIRS. Almon, 1763.

THE VICES; a Poem, by the Author of Junius. London, 1898.
COLLECTION OF ALL THE REMARKABLE AND PERSONAL PASSAGES IN THE
BRITON, NORTH BRITON, AND AUDITOR. 1766.
GENERAL COCKBURN'S DISSERTATION ON HANNIBAL'S PASSAGE OVER
THE ALPS. (Privately printed). Dublin, 1815.
THE HIBERNIAN MAGAZINE for 1771, 1772, 1773.
THE LONDON MUSEUM OF POLITICS, MISCELLANIES, AND LITERATURE.
4 Vols. 8vo. 1769, 1770.

When we announce that this new volume of Mr. Brewer's Calendar contains in its two parts upwards of two thousand pages, that it comprises the papers relating to the years 1519-1523, and that Mr. Brewer's introductory view of the history which they illustrate extends over upwards of four hundred pages, it will be seen that we can do no more than recommend the book to the attention of all students of the period of our history to which it relates.

BOOKS RECEIVED.—

The Journal of Sacred Literature, No. IV. Fifth Series. (Williams & Norgate.)

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We regret to find that this Journal, which has for twenty years, without regard to party, appealed to the patient, the learned, and the thoughtful, is about to cease; and many of those who read the article on "The

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Among other articles of interest which will appear in early numbers of N. & Q." are- Society of Bibliographers; Scottish Pronunciation of Latin; Samuel Patterson and his Universal Catalogue; Lawrens reat Beyerlinck; The Handwriting of Junius, &c.

CALEB. We had hoped that by this time it was generally known, that w there is no charge for inserting Queries. anxie

FAMILY QUERIES. We have again to explain that all Queries respect. ing persons or families, not of general interest, must be subscribed by the cor name and with the address of the Querist, so that the information sough for may be sent to him direct.

TO OUR CORRESPONDENTS generally we would suggest

1. That Contributors should append their names and addresses. 2. That when writing anonymously they should give the same informa tion to the Editor.

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3. That Quotations be certified by precise references to edition, chapter or page; and references to "N. & Q." by series, volume, and page. 4. Write clearly and distinctly, more particularly proper names, and on one side of the paper. We cannot undertake to puzzle out what oks, Correspondent does not think worth the trouble of writing distinctly. HARPRA. A Jane is a small coin of Genoa, or Janua; supposed to be the same as the galley halfpence mentioned by Stowe. See Nares's Glossary. J. MANUEL. We fear that the subject of baptism in Scotland by a layı man may lead to a long discussion.

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ERRATA. 3rd S. xii. p. 503, col. i. line 24, for " De la Le" read " la Se;" col. ii. lines 17 and 18, for" Reevesly "read" Reevesby." A Reading Case for holding the weekly Nos. of "N. & Q" is no ready, and may be had of all Booksellers and Newsmen, price 1s. 6d. or, free by post, direct from the publisher, for 18. 8d. ***Cases for binding the volumes of "N. & Q." may be had of the Publisher, and of all Booksellers and Newsmen.

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REPLIES:- Sir Thomas Chaloner, 33-Spanish Armada: Zabras," &c., 34-Thud, Ib.-Hour-Glasses in Pulpits 35-Junius: Sir Philip Francis, 36-Sir Richard Phillips, 37-Gibb Baronetcy-What becomes of Parish Re- Cuddy gisters? Beauty Unfortunate Family of Napoleon-Use of the Word "Party"-Her-Longevity of Lawyers- Mathew Family - Dr. Wolcot- Tom Paine Sir James Wood's Regiment - Marriage of Women to Men-Homeric Traditions-"Comparisons are Odious" Brush or Pencil-Religious Sects - St. Osbern Heraldic Queries, &c.-Venice in 1848-49-Arms of Foundling Hospital - William Bridge-Gibbon's House at Lausanne- Bloody, &c., 37. Notes on Books &c.

Notes.

UNIVERSAL CATALOGUE:

SAMUEL PATERSON, BOOK AUCTIONEER, LONDON.

The announcement that there is shortly to appear weekly, through the medium of "N. & Q." the publication of a UNIVERSAL ART CATALOGUE, must have afforded to a numerous body of readers great satisfaction. No doubt such an undertaking will be attended with much labour and great anxiety to all parties concerned. But then, with a cordial co-operation the attempt to eventually accomplish a UNIVERSAL CATALOGUE may be crowned with success.

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Upon making a search among some of stores, I laid my hands upon a work entitled"Bibliotheca Universalis Selecta. A Catalogue of Books, Ancient and Modern, in various Languages and Faculties, and upon almost every branch of Science and Polite Literature; including an extensive collection of Na Classical, Critical, and Philological Learning; collected, for the most part, in Germany and the Netherlands: Methodically digested, with a view to render it useful to Students, Collectors, and Librarians: to which is added, An Index of Authors, Interpreters, and Editors. Which will be sold by auction by SAM. PATERSON, at his great room in King Street, Covent Garden, London, on Monday, May 8, 1786, and the thirty-five following days."

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are well worthy of being now more generally known and disseminated. This may be done by a reprint thereof in the columns of " N. & Q.:"

"PREFACE.

"The arrangement of libraries is of no small importance to literature, more especially in an age when there are far more literary inquiry, just criticism, and general reading than were ever known in this country.

"Strange that the great æra of dissipation should be the greatest of good letters!

'This was some time a paradox, but now the time gives it proof.'-Shakespeare.

"A library undigested is a chaos, of little more use to the owner, or to the public, than so many divided parts of instruments; for books, in each class or science, may be considered as component parts of the same instrument; and to put them together properly is very essential to the observer and to the student.

"I have laboured many years in this track, with little benefit to myself beyond the satisfaction arising from the consideration of its utility (myself having been always of the least consequence to myself); but if the diligent student has been served, and the curious inquirer gratified, the labourer is amply rewarded.

"The expediency and necessity of classing voluminous collections and public libraries is self-evident, as it is the only mean of pointing out the progress of science and knowledge of every kind, from the origin of printing, to which happy invention we owe the revival and diffusion of letters, to the present time, and of noting the desiderata in each for to know what is wanting, and may be done, it is highly necessary to be acquainted with what has already been done.

By such information, those who gather after others' harvests, may be led into the rich fields of Boaz, where the weightiest gleanings are to be found: such as compose thro' idleness, or boast, inadvertently, known facts for novelties, or designedly utter old for new opinions and discoveries, may find that all they have to say has been better said already, and thereby spare themselves much pains and their readers much trouble; while such as fabricate for bread, contenting themselves with pillaging some two or three known authors (and, it may be, the very worst they could have chose) may learn, at

least, the names of better tools, of which too many of our

modern bookmakers appear to be entirely ignorant.

"To render the present catalogue more useful to students, collectors, and librarians, is subjoined an index of authors, interpreters, and editors, which, tho' pretty ac curate, is not altogether free from mistakes.

"Its general use is too obvious to be insisted upon, but in no one respect more so than in the discrimination of persons of the same, or nearly the same name, from the neglect of which many errors in biography have been committed; and, to the philosophical reader, considered as a register of minds, will be as acceptable as an alphabet of arms.

"London, 3rd April, 1786."

"S. P.

Samuel Paterson must have been a person of great talent, and possessed of much bibliographical knowledge. The preface prefixed to his Bibliotheca Croftsiana, 1783, is highly curious and very interesting. He is reported to have been the "best cataloguer of his day." Sketches of his life are in the Gent.'s Mag. and European Mag. for 1802. THOMAS GEORGE STEVENSON.

Edinburgh.

THE ANCIENT SCOTTISH PRONUNCIATION OF held that the other Latin words are meant to

LATIN.

It is the common belief that the broad pronunciation of the Latin vowels has always been the recognised use in Scotland, as on the Continent. Following as I do this mode, and prejudiced in favour of its antiquity, I am yet at a loss to reconcile with the received notion the evidence afforded by the writings of Scottish poets preceding the Reformation.

William Dunbar (1455-1520) has left a wellknown piece, called a "Lament for the Death of the Makers," in which he eulogises a number of poets, chiefly Scottish, who had flourished before his day, or whom he had outlived. (I quote from Mr. Laing's edition, 1834.) There are twentyfive stanzas, each ending with the same line in Latin, as in these examples:

3. "The stait of man dois chainge and vary,

Now sound, now seik, now blyth, now sary,
Now dansand mirry, now lyk to die;
Timor Mortis conturbat me.

5. "Unto the Deid gois all estaitis,
Princis, prelottis and potestaitis,
Baith riche and puire of all degré ;
Timor Mortis conturbat me.

23. "Gud Maister Walter Kennedy,
In poynt of dede lyis veraly;

Gret reuth it wer that so suld be:
Timor Mortis conturbat me.' ""

In the other stanzas also, the Latin me is made to rhyme, and in several instances with words in the vernacular Scotch, so as clearly to exclude the broad sound of the vowel. Mr. Laing points out that the words forming the burden of the "Lament" are borrowed from a poem by Lydgate. This, however, cannot go far in the way of explanation.

In Dunbar's poem, "Of Man's Mortalitie," we have

"Lyk as ane schaddow in ane glass,

Syne glydis all thy tyme that heir is:
Think, thocht thy bodye war of brass,
Quod tu in cinerem revertéris."

And so in the five following stanzas, all ending with the same Latin line. There are the rhymes "weir is," 99.66 feiris,' ," "teiris," &c. Writers of such verses were by no means careful to adhere to the rules of prosody or accent.

Again, in "The Testament of Mr. Andro Kennedy," Dunbar makes the supposed testator thus enigmatically refer to "Mr. Johney Clerk"

"Were I a doig and he a swyne,
Multi mirantur super me,

Bot I sould gar that lurdane quhyne,
Scribendo dentes sine de." (D)

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It being once apparent that such an author intends, as in the instances quoted, that the words terminating Latin lines introduced into his verse shall be pronounced in a certain way, it must be

receive a pronunciation consistent with that mode. in Dunbar's poems in the "English" fashion. I am thus constrained to read those occurring

north-country bard of his time that appears to
The Scottish poet quoted above is not the only
have followed the Anglican use. With Walter
death's door, he had previously carried on a rhym-
," whom Dunbar laments as lying at
Kennedy,'
ing warfare in language more expressive than
polite. In "The Flyting of Dunbar and Kennedy,"
we find the latter thus addressing his contem-
porary:
:-

"Cum to the Cross on kneis and mak a cria;
Confess thy cryme, hald Kennedy thy King,
And with ane hawthorn scurge thyself and ding;
Thus dré thy pennance with Deliquisti quia.'

Here we have the Vulgate Psalter read with an English pronunciation. Further, there have been left us by John Clerk, whom Dunbar names in his "Lament," a few verses of "Advice to Luvaris," where these lines occur (Sibbald's Collection, 1802):—

"Sum sayis his luve is A per se,'
But sum, forsuth, ar so opprest
With luve, war bettir lat it be."

The phrase "A per se" was a favourite one with our old Scottish poets, and, so far as I have seen, was always rhymed as above. It is found more than once in the "Tales of the Thrie Priestis latter part of James V.'s reign. The same poem of Peblis" (Sibbald's Collection), belonging to the which we are not at present concerned): contains also this passage (with the meaning of

"And gif thair be nane abil thair that can,
That office weil steir, quhar sal thay than
Bot to the thrid way to ga forthi,
Quhilk is callit Via scrutari."

In the foregoing quotations, taken together, the Latin vowels a, e, and i were evidently intended by the writers to be pronounced as in English.

It is not until after the date at which Scotland verse-makers give the broad sound to the scraps threw off the supremacy of Rome that Scottish of Latin introduced by them.

I have noted two instances. In a "Ballad in derision of the

Popische Mes" (Sibbald), the word "meum" is rhymed with "slay him"; and in the scurrilous "Legend of the Bischop of St. Androis' Lyfe, Mr. Patrick Adamson" (Dalyell's Scottish Poems of the Sixteenth Century, 1801), there is this couplet:

"With eructavit cor meum,

He hosted thair a hude-full fra him."

The earlier Scottish writers might with equal facility have followed the like mode of pronunciation. Their adoption of the Anglican use is remarkable, considering the close and long-con

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