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the distance between Rata and Lindum is just 52 miles in the Itinerary, three-fourths of which is just 39 miles, and this I suppose will be pretty near the number of computed miles from Lincoln to Leicester. This, with me, is a strong argument that Rate (not Verometum) is Leicester, notwithstanding what a late Author says to the contrary; and that this Iter, or this part of this Iter, has proceeded directly, without any excursions. A nobody is more capable than yourself of making such discoveries, so I still hope you will find some Remains, or Evidences, at due distances. I could never yet discover, or hear of any certain Remains of the way that must have gone from Tadcaster to Manchester, any farther than it may have coincided with that from Tadcaster to Castleforth. I have had an account of some part of a Military Way remaining at Dunkam Park (belonging to my Lord Warrington), which must have gone from Manchester to Chester. This favours your opinion concerning Condate, to which I freely accede. But I am much of the opinion, that the Military Way from Chester has returned quick, and coincided in part with the present London Road from Chester. Upon this supposition, it is very possible that the shortest distance between Condate and Mediolanum may be but 78 miles (as in the Tenth Iter); though this can never hold good if Mediolanum be Meiwood. Some Coins that have been lately found between Nantwich and Whitchurch confirm me in this opinion.-I am still in hopes that you will discover some place more directly upon the Military Way from Durotrive to Lindum, that will answer as to distance with more exactness than Great Paunton for Gansennæ. The want of a river, I believe, is not a sufficient objection, where no river intervenes in so great a space as from Durobrive to Lindum. "Your much obliged humble servant, JOHN HORSELEY*." Redmile, Feb. 19, 1728-9. "I return you the Philosophical Transactions. Your drawing is, like all your performances, fine and masterlike. By the siniplicity of the materials and figure in the Pavement it is possible it might have been a British imitation, after Agricola had endeavoured to soften the inhabitants of this Isle by Roman arts, delicacy, and luxury. See Tacitus, in Vità Agrie. saluberrimis consiliis ea hyems consumpta,' &c.-In my Observations upon your Iter Curiosum, I shall give my reasons why the brave Coritani were a confederate, and not a subdued people; and that therefore their Chiefs might have elegant villas instead of their ancestors' tuguria. I am well satisfied with Dr. Nichols' reasons for the cause of an aneurism. I read your rhymes, but did not, out of great respect to your reputation, communicate them as you desired. I think that empiric brimstone Curate ought to have been despised, and not answered. There is a sublime in your Prose, which shews you might attempt the Epic in Poesy with great success; but this paltry doggrel is beneath your abilities, and a disgrace to your pen. The bearer, who will inform you of his case, desired me to write to Mr. Gale in his behalf. As your * Of whom see the "Literary Anecdotes," vol. VII. p. 187.

"DEAR SIR,

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acquaintance has been more intimate, and interest more weighty with our learned friend, I have advised him to apply to you; and, if his case deserves pity, I know you have abundance of good nature, making you ready to relieve the distressed; and I flatter myself you have kindness enough for me to write a line or two in the behalf of one recommended by yours E. VERNON.” "DEAR SIR, Morpeth, March 15, 1728-9.

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'I received yours of the 20th ult. with the two Drawings, for which I am deeply indebted to you. I should sooner have made my acknowledgments, but that I was afraid of being too troublesome. I cannot but say, that, upon farther thoughts, I think more favourably of the conjecture I hinted to you in my last concerning the Stations on the Foss between Lincoln and Leicester; for, by what I can judge, the Station near Willoughby will answer both for distance and every thing else very well to Vernometum. If the Station near Bridgeford be upon a Dunum, I shall still more strongly suspect it to be Margidunum; but this is more than I know. I think I observed, in a large Map of Nottinghamshire, that a rivulet runs into the Trent not far from Newark. And upon the Lingula near the confluence would I look for Ad Pontem; but this I submit to your better judgment. I am glad you agree with me in your opinion about the Sculpture at Netherby. We have, I find, also been both determined by the same reason: only the mural crown, I remember, not to be frequent in Genii; and Mr. Gordon has made the figure very much bearded, though in that he differs from me; but perhaps 1, and not he, may be in the error. pleased to know how you took it in this respect.

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I should be well

"I took Netherby, when I saw it, to be a proper place for Explorutores, and Middleby is not far from the Frith, so that it may perhaps do well enough as to etymology for latum Bulgium, if we read it so, and suppose the preposition ab to intimate its being beyond the estuary (which perhaps the expression a vallo does imply with respect to the Wall). My reasons for this conjecture are too long to trouble you with at the present. However, as Blatum Bulgium is not mentioned among the Stations per lineam valli, 1 take it for granted, that Boulness, which is the last Station upon the Wall, cannot be it.

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I like an etymology, where it is easy and natural (as in Itunocelum); but, I own, I pay a much greater regard to remains and proper distances, which are certain matters of fact.

"As for Mr. Gordon, and his friend Mr. Goodman, I shall act a just and generous part to them; but I know them both too well to suffer myself to be insulted or bullied by either. The work is going on as fast as it can; and I have let my Bookseller know how to send any of the proofs of the Plates to you, as soon as they are wrought off —I was agreeably surprized the other day to find that, after I had, by reasoning from the distances, &c.

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Chaplain to John first duke of Rutland, successively Rector of Muston and Redmile, co. Leic.: died 1742. See "list. of Leicest." II. 291, 302. placed

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placed Rutunium near Wem in Cheshire, there is a Roman place on the river Rodan, not a mile from Wem. The account you will find in Camden. Rodan and Rutun are not unlike; and as every thing else answers with so much exactness, I see no objection against fixing Rutunium here. Mediolanum I believe to be between Whitchurch and Nantwich, where Coins have been found not long ago. Your most obliged humble servant, J. HORSELEY." "DEAR DOCTtor, Bury, April 20, 1734.

"I was much pleased to have it under your hand that we may hope to see you soon. Child and I always talk of you when we meet. As to Sir Isaac, you know I am prejudiced (if any man can be) much in his favour, and Divinity is out of my depth. But I thought his making not only all Daniel's Prophecies, but all the others belong to the state of the Church in all ages, and reach to the end of the world, had been new. His fixing the Ten Kingdoms to the years 408-411; his Interpretation of the Seventy Weeks; his determination of the times of the Birth and Passion of Christ, and the Harmony of the Gospels consequent thereupon; his discovery of the Relation between the Apocalypse and Temple-service; his History of the writing it in Nero's Reign; and many other things of less importance, are also new to me. The Chapters about the Compilers of the Books of the Old Testament, and the Prophetic Language, do not contain much more than what has been observed before; but I think they are well worth considering, as being drawn up with great clearness. Sir Isaac's Account of the Prophetic Style may be called a general proposition formed from Mede's particular cases; and perhaps we may mount up to a theory still more general. Be this as it will, if the grand Revolution be now approaching, it is the duty of every one who wishes well to mankind to consider such things, The Christian Religion is in such a situation, that it must either quite fall, or be confirmed more than ever. Every honest mind hopes for the last, without doubt; and I think it very strongly hinted in many parts of both Old and New Testament, that that will be the case. All the Revolutions that ever yet happened in the world are inconsiderable with respect to this. It is plain that God has made it and the world we live in so, that we may be much happier than we are if we will; and it is plain that Christianity has hit upon the true method of making us so. This is both a strong confirmation of the truth of it, and the highest motive to excite every man to make it take place in its full extent as soon as possible. We may think that we want the Evidence of Miracles again; but you know Christ tells us, that Moses and Prophets are as convincing proofs as those, so that, without doubt, the only reason why they do not appear to be so to us is because we do not take them right. These notions, you see, are Sir Isaac's, and they appeared to me worthy not only of him, but of the Religion itself; and I did not know that any one else had spoke so well of them before. You will forgive me for talking so much out of my province. D. HARTLEY *."

* A Physician at Bury. See before, p.25.

"DEAR

"DEAR SIR, Prince's-street, near Leicester-fields, Dec.19, 1735, "I am very glad to find I shall have the pleasure of seeing you in January; and think the best thing in any situation to be, that I shall have an opportunity of seeing my friends, from whose conversation I receive pleasure and improvement, once a year generally. As to wealth, I hope I shall never be solicitous about it. It is necessary for me to have some business; but after that is tolerably secured, I hope and believe that I shall prefer going with the stream to labouring at the oar. In country business one's whole time is devoured in getting bread.

"How go your Chronological affairs on? As far as I am a judge, you gentlemen who have abilities and inclination to defend Revelation ought not to be idle. There seems to be a general doubt at least of Christianity prevailing amongst all the moderately learned part of the world; and some even of good learning and abilities are quite Infidels. I have no fears; but the History and Chronology of the Scriptures can never be too much studied, because the arguments of that kind, when once explained rightly, are level to all capacities; and yet so convincing, that I think nothing can resist them. I beg pardon for talking so much Divinity to you. I am, with great sincerity, D. HARTLEY." "DEAR DOCTOR, Prince's-street, Jan. 1, 1735-6.

"I am extremely obliged by your honest and friendly Letter. Christianity is indeed the goodly pearl of great price. I am truly satisfied; and I hope I shall always use my best endeavours to convince others of its truth and excellence. If I expressed myself so as to shew any doubts, I am sorry for it; for I have really none. But this I see, that, if the Friends of Revelation be not thoroughly upon their guard, its enemies will do a great deal of mischief, for the present at least. I have heard, since I came to town, that Sir Isaac used to say, that Infidelity would probably prevail till it had quite banished Superstition, but would then be swallowed up by the great Light and Evidence of true Religion. And I think he seems to have conjectured well upon this, no less than other matters. I shall be very glad to have the pleasure of talking over these things when you come to town. I read Locke and Newton till they made me read St. Paul, and now I like him much better than either of them, or any body else, the other sacred Writers excepted. Yours most sincerely, D. HARTLEY." "DEAR SIR, Jan. 6, [1735-6.]

"I am infinitely obliged to you for your kind invitation, but would not (if I cared to stir from hence) live any where without practising physic, which I should not pretend to do in a place so well provided as Stamford. I have lately read the Controversy relating to Sir Isaac's Chronology, as stated in The Republic of Letters; and must needs think all the objections may be answered. I have heard that Dr. Cumberland has shewn by calculation that there might be in the world as great numbers as are represented in the Histories of the Kingdoms of Argos and Sicyon,

and

and of the Expulsion of the Shepherds; but have never seen it, and think it a hard matter to prove. If I know any one that would thank me for a remark or two in defence of Sir Isaac, they should have them, I being at present otherwise employed in Physic. Dear Sir, yours most sincerely, D. HARTLEY." London, June 7, 1745, Rawthmell's Coffeehouse, Henrietta-street, Covent Garden. "Soon after my return from Ireland, I received the favour of your kind present of Stonehenge;' which will be a great ornament of my library, and a particular honour, as it comes from the Author; and I do return you my hearty thanks for it.

"DEAR SIR,

"I am going again to Ireland, in the month of August, having the honour to wait on the Lord Lieutenant as his Domestic Chaplain. If at any time you have any commands in that country, you will do me a particular pleasure if you will honour me with them. As I hope sometimes to come to England, sol have not laid aside my thoughts of a Northern journey; which I shall undertake with greater satisfaction, as I am sure you will favour me with all the hints you can give; and I shall not despise even Scotland, and the Orkney Islands, where I expect to meet with something curious, at least in relation to their customs and manners; and I shall be greatly obliged to you if you will mark any thing down for me which you meet with in your reading — Pray my compliments to your lady, and family. I am, dear Sir, your most obedient humble servant, RICHARD POCOCKE*." "GOOD DOCTOR, Whaddon, June 10, 1745.

"This comes to enquire after your health and your Lady's. I doubt I shall not be so great a traveller as to come your way again; however, pray let me hear from you; and vouchsafe to let me know if you are about any Antiquity-book. You have done great honour to the publick; and no one can more benefit the learned world. I drudge on, and amuse myself. I have laboured of late about Buckinghamshire Collections, and done more than I thought I should. I also have, with good success, proceeded in my Collection of our English Coins. I shall be glad of your opinion of two books lately published in that way; riz. Mr. Martin Leake's, Clarenceux, Nummi Britannici Historia;' and Mr. Martin's folio Account of our Silver Coins;' both in 1745. I have been still collecting our Town and Traders' Farthings; and as I have furnished the University of Oxford with my Cabinet of above 1200, have been making a small one of duplicates to fill my empty tables, and fain would have some of Lincolnshire. I have not one left of the whole county, except a single piece of William Browne, of Crowland. As I enclose a frank, cannot you put me into it a Stamford, Grantham, or Boston Town or Trader's Token, or Lincoln. They will come in a Letter; or may be left at Newport Pagnel, as, I think, your Stamford newspaper comes thither. I was at Newport Pagnel

*The learned Oriental Traveller. He was at this time Archdeacon of Dublin; and in 1756 Bp. of Ossory; translated, in 1765, first to Elphin, and then to Meath; and died in the same year.

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