A History of the English Agricultural LabourerP. S. King & Son, 1908 - 470 oldal |
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Gyakori szavak és kifejezések
acres Adam Smith agricultural labourers allotments arable Arthur Young average Bedfordshire Berkshire Cambridgeshire capital cattle cent Commissioners copyholders corn Corn Laws cottages cottiers counties cultivation Cumberland day-labourers decreased demand districts earnings economic eighteenth century employed employer employment enclosed Enclosure Acts enclosures England English agriculture Enquiry farm-servants favourable freeholders gang system gang-master harvest Herefordshire husbandry Ibid improvement income increase industry Jesse Collings Joseph Arch Kent labourer's Lancashire land landlords large farmer large farming Lincolnshire lord manor manufacturing Marshall ment neighbourhood Norfolk Northumberland organisation paid parish pasture pasture-farming persons Political Poor Law population position price of provisions production profit rent Report result rise roundsman system says servants shire small farms small holdings social statute Suffolk tenants three-field system towns trade Union Vict village villeins wages Wales Warwickshire wastes wheat winter women and children Yorkshire
Népszerű szakaszok
66. oldal - Majesty that it may be enacted, and be it enacted . . . that whereas by reason of some defects in the law poor people are not restrained from going from one parish to another, and therefore do endeavour to settle themselves in those parishes where there is the best stock, the largest commons or wastes to build cottages, and the most woods for them to burn and destroy...
269. oldal - It shall be the duty of the parent of every child to cause such child to receive efficient elementary instruction in reading, writing, and arithmetic, and if such parent fail to perform such duty, he shall be liable to such orders and penalties as are provided by this Act.
23. oldal - And now forasmuch as it is given the King to understand in this present parliament, by the petition of the commonalty, that the said servants having no regard to the said ordinance, but to their ease and singular covetise, do withdraw themselves to serve great men and other, unless they have livery and wages to the double or treble of that they were wont to take...
444. oldal - King William the Fourth, intituled "An Act for the Amendment and better Administration of the Laws relating to the Poor in England and Wales...
395. oldal - No society can surely be flourishing and happy, of which the far greater part of the members are poor and miserable.
189. oldal - ... from paupers, in fact no work is done. In the second place, collecting the paupers in gangs for the performance of parish work is found to be more immediately injurious to their conduct than even allowance or relief without requiring work. Whatever be the general character of the parish labourers, all the worst of the inhabitants are sure to be among the number ; and it is well known that the effect of such an association is always to degrade the good, not to elevate the bad. It was among these...
427. oldal - An act for taking away the court of wards and liveries and tenures, in capite and by knights service, and purveyance, and for settling a revenue upon his majesty in lieu thereof...
207. oldal - ... actually exceeds that of the independent labourer; and even in those cases in which the relief-money only equals, or nearly approaches, the average rate of wages, it is often better w-orth having, as the pauper requires less expensive diet and clothing than the hard-working man. In such places a man who does not possess either some property, or an amount of skill which will ensure to him more than the average rate of wages, is of course a loser by preserving his independence. Even if he have...
132. oldal - If by converting the little farmer into a body of men who must work for others more labour is produced, it is an advantage which the nation should wish for: the compulsion will be that of honest industry to provide for a family...
139. oldal - For whom are they to save? (Such are their questions.) For the parish? "If I am diligent, shall I have leave to build a cottage?" "If I am sober, shall I have land for a cow?