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And thynk nat to ynterrupte me,
for syche wyse provyded haue y,
that thoght ye welld yt woll nat be,
this touer ye se ys strong and bye,
and the doores fast barred haue y
that no whiyht my purpose let shold,
for to be quen of all Ytaly
nat on day lengere leve Ꭹ wold.

Wherfor, swet father y you pray
ber thys my deth with pacyence,
and tourment nat your herys gray,
but frely pardoun myn ofence,
sythe yt prosedeth of loues feruence
and of my harts constancy,
let me nat from the swent presence
of hym that y haw caseyt to dy.
There are five sonnets in the handwrit-
ing of Mary Shelton, one of which has
been printed by Nott among Wyatt's
poems. Darnley's love-verses are as follow.
From the tone of them, one may conjec-
ture that they were intended for the eye
of Mary Queen of Scots:

My hope is yow for to obtaine,
Let not my hope be lost in vaine.
Forget not my paines manifolde,
Nor my meanynge to yow vntoulde.
And eke withe dedes I did yow craue.
Withe swete words yow for to haue.

To my hape and hope condescend,

Let not Cupido in vaine his bowe to bende,
Nor vs two louers, faithfull, trwe,
Lyke a bowe made of bowynge yewe.

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The presence of Mary Shelton's name on the fly-leaf, as well as of her handwriting in three or four of the sonnets, one of which Nott claims as by Wyatt, is not so easy to account for. It may be that the volume was her property before it came to the hands of Lord Thomas Howard; perhaps given to her by Surrey's friend and her lover Thomas Clere. It is enough that by establishing the ownership of Lord Thomas Howard and Lady Margaret, we obtain an early limit of date for the composition of certain of the poems of Sir Thomas Wyatt; for the series at the beginning of the volume, though not those at the end, were certainly written before Lord Thomas added his verses in the year 1536. We also get specimens of versification by Lord Thomas Howard, his wife, Lady Margaret, and her son, Henry Stewart, afterwards Lord Darnley. Whether Dr. Nott was justified in ascribing to Wyatt all the poems which he collected from this manuscript will be determined by a future editor of the poet's works. But he fell into a mistake when he read a half-effaced subscription to the sonnet beginning "My fearful hope" as Finis qd Wyatt," and that to the response to it as "Finis qd Surreye," and printed them as Surreys. The subscriptions are Finis, qd Nobodye," and "Finis qd Sumbodye," and the poems are more likely to Against a sonnet on leaf Gb, commenc-be Wyatt's than Surrey's. I cannot trace ingSuffryng in sorrow," Lady Margaret Wyatt's own handwriting in any part of has written in the margin " Forget thys the book; but it is worthy of remark that, and "Yt ys worthy," while against several according to Dr. Nott, he also was a other pieces, by Wyatt she has written prisoner in the Tower in or about the year simply" and thys," or, as in one instance, 1536. against the verses beginnning " And wylt thow leve me thus?" the words "and thys chefly," as if in reference to her bereavement by the death of Lord Thomas Howard. Against a sonnet on leaf 81, beginning "Now all of change must be my song," she has written "Lerne but to syng yt." It is evident, therefore, that she was at one time the owner of the volume; but from the circumstance that the verses of Lord Thomas Howard are, as they seem to be, written with his own hand it may be conjectured that it had previously belonged to him, and was intended to be a collection of the poems of Wyatt primarily. On being thrown into prison in 1536 for his presumptuous marriage with Lady Margaret Douglas, he wrote in it the passionate verses dictated by his unhappy fortune. At his death, it would come into the pos

But now receaue, by your industrye and art,
Your humble seruant Hary Stuart.

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SCIENTIFIC USE OF THE MONT CENIS
TUNNEL.

AT the sitting of the French Academy of Sciences on the 18th inst., M. Elie de Beaumont read an elaborate paper on the scientific instruction which may be derived from a close examination of the collection which is to be exhibited in the School of Mines in Paris of specimens of the strata obtained from the Mont Cenis Tunnel. This collection, which consisted originally of only 127 specimens, has received 69 new specimens, which brings the total number to 196 altogether.

The total vertical thickness of the strata explored was more than 7,000 metres.

The general colour is grey, or, rather, the Royal Academy of Sciences, Turin, in black, and the colouring matter is mostly the sitting of the 5th of December, 1860, carbon. Very few fossils were met with, a paper entitled Nuove osservazioni geolohaving been destroyed by the subsequent giche sulle rocce anthracitifere delle Alpi, at crystallization. the end of which was printed a map drawn by M. Sismonda twenty-five years ago, and exhibiting the theoretical succession of strata. Everything was found in the place where it was supposed to be by M. Sismonda.

The disturbances which have created Mont Cenis and made it emerge from the bottom of the sea have produced many cracks and faults. But all these faults have been filled up with quartz in a perfect manner in relatively modern times. The infiltration amounts practically to nothing. The only spring which was discovered is situated near Modane, and gives only seven gallous per minute. The water is cold. The contractors were obliged to send to Modane and Bardonnèche for the water required for drinking, and for grinding the stone.

Mont Blanc, although 4,800 metres above the level of the sea, is only 3,500 above its own base. The vertical section of the perforated strata is thus equal to two Mont Blancs; and it is something like one whole Himalaya. M. Sismonda, Professor of Geology at Turin, presented to

No artesian well has ever given an opportunity of comparison with the perforation of Mont Cenis, as the deepest bored by European engineers is only 1,000 metres, and by the Chinese only 3,000 metres.

The Academy listened during more than an hour to the lecturer. M. Faye presented to the learned Perpetual Secretary the hearty thanks of the Academy, and expressed a wish that a series of pendulum experiments should be conducted on the top of Mont Cenis as well as in the central part of the tunnel, to test the effect of the mass of the mountain on the time of the oscillations.

AN interesting description of the salt lakes of Australia is given by a writer in the Sydney Empire, who, speaking of the salt lakes and mineral springs on the Paroo, says: "These wells are a real curiosity to many, if not to all. Mounds of earth rise about ten or fifteen feet over the surface, no doubt thrown up by the force of the water; they form a kind of oasis in the wilderness, and have saved the lives of many a weary wanderer. These mounds can be seen for miles. The water is very clear and soft. It is impregnated with magnesia, soda, and alum. It is very palatable to drink, and I think very wholesome. The water does not flow after touching the surface; but as soon as it overflows the fort-like basin sinks into the earth. The alum and soda crack under your feet as you walk round these wells like frozen snow Sand-storms occasionally set in with great violence, sweeping along and drifting like snow; but in this it differs, that nothing is proof against its penetrating propensity. It enters your eyes, your nose, your mouth, your ears; even your very skin seems gritty from it, and everything is covered with it. It enters all culinary matters, so that while it lasts you are continually eating, drinking, and wearing sand. As an instance, the first evening I entered the Faroo, one of the sand-storms set in, and after viewing one of those beautiful clear lakes, in which we thought we could quench our thirst, having had nothing to drink since the morning,

what was our surprise, I might almost say despair, to find that the water was salt as brine. The driving sand beat with such fury that we could not see each other on the road. Our party numbered five, and I took the bridle and saddle off my horse and let him go shift for himself. I lay down, putting the saddle between myself and the storm for shelter. The morning at last came, and I found at about five miles distant my party, horse and water."

CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES.- Mr. Dall called the attention of the members to some shells of oysters that had been transplanted from the Eastern States, and which during the last twelve months had been growing in the waters of the bay. The recent growth of these oysters had been modified in a manner so that they corresponded very closely to that of our native oyster. In the eastern oyster the shell is white and smooth, whilst our bay oyster has the shell much corrugated, of a brown colour, and frequently with purple stripes between the ridges. Now the recent growths of the shell of these transplanted eastern oysters exhibit the same corrugations as our native, the colour is decidedly more brown than in the east, and purplish stripes are frequently found between the corrugations.

Nature.

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NUMBERS OF THE LIVING AGE WANTED.

The publishers are in want of Nos. 1179 and 1180 (dated respectively Jan. 5th and Jan. 12th, 1867) of THE LIVING AGE. To subscribers, or others, who will do us the favor to send us either or both of those numbers, we will return an equivalent, either in our publications or in cash, until our wants are supplied.

PUBLISHED EVERY SATURDAY BY
LITTELL & GAY, BOSTON.

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FOR EIGHT DOLLARS, remitted directly to the Publishers, the LIVING AGE will be punctually forwarded for a year, free of postage. But we do not prepay postage on less than a year, nor where we have to pay commission for forwarding the money.

Price of the First Series, in Cloth, 36 volumes, 90 dollars.

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Second "
Third

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Any Volume Bound, 8 dollars; Unbound, 2 dollars. The sets, or volumes, will be sent at the expense of the publishers.

PREMIUMS FOR CLUBS.

For 6 new subscribers ($40.), a sixth copy; or a set of HORNE'S INTRODUCTION TO THE BIBLE, unabridged, in 4 large volumes, cloth, price $10; or any ō of the back volumes of the LIVING AGE, in numbers, price $10.

From Chambers's Edinburgh Journal. THE SEASHORE,

MOURN on, O solitary sea!

I love to hear thy moun,

The world's lament attuned to melody,

In thy undying tone;

Lo! on the yielding sand I lie alone,

The sinking sea sighs forth its sad despair
More and more distantly;

Hushed is the sea bird's melancholy cry.

For night approaches with the step of age, When youth's sharp griefs are softened to a sigh,

And the dim eye afar beholds the page

And the white cliffs around me draw their That holds the records sad of sorrow's former

screen

And part me from the world. Let me disown For one short hour its pleasures and its spleen, And, wrapt in dreamy thoughts, some peaceful moments glean.

No voice of any living thing is near,

Save the wild sea-bird's wail;

That seems the cry of sorrow deep and drear,
That nothing can avail;

Now in the air with broad, white wing they sail,
And now descending, dot the tawny sand.
Now rest upon the waves, yet still their wail
Of bitter sorrow floats towards the land,
Like grief which change of scene is powerless to
command.

The sea approaches, with its weary heart
Moaning unquietly;

An earnest grief, too tranquil to depart,
Speaks in that troubled sigh;

Yet its glad waves seem dancing merrily!

For hope from them couceals the warning tone;

Gaily they rush toward the shore - to die.

All their bright spray upon the bare sand thrown,

While still around them wails the sad and ceaseless moan.

And thus it is in life, and in the breast

Gay sparkling hopes arise,

Each one in turn just shows its gleaming crest Then falls away and dies;

On life's bare sands each cherished vision lies, Numbered with those that will return no more; Their early love - youth's dearly cherished

ties

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FOR THE ASTRONOMIC INFANT.

By-Baby bunting,

Father's gone star-hunting,
Mother's at the telescope
To read the baby's horoscope.

By-Baby buntoid,

Father's found an asteroid; Mother makes by calculation, The angle of its inclination.

FOR THE YOUNG GEOLOGIST.

Trilobite, Graptobite,
Nautilus pie,
Seas were calcareous,
Oceans were dry.
Eocene, miocene,
Pliocene, tuff,
Lias and trias,

And that is enough.

T

From The Edinburgh Review. SUPPRESSED AND CENSURED BOOKS.*

THE history of the books which have been suppressed or censured in England is curious and interesting; and although we have no book in our language which rivals the Dictionary of literary martyrdom, published in France at the commencement of the present century by M. Peignot, we have collected some materials on the subject which may interest our readers.

The burning of heretical books is by no means, as might be supposed, a Christian invention. It is questionable whether the writings of Protagoras were really destroyed at Athens for their atheistical tendencies, but the existence of the report shows that the idea, at all events, was not alien to Greek sentiment, and the judicial murder of Socrates is a proof that the State was no stranger to the worst acts of intolerance. The destruction of Christian books formed part of heathen persecution; Diocletian, especially, in A.D. 303 ordering all such writings to be surrendered to the magistrates and committed to the flames. To Osius, Bishop of Cordova, the friend of Athanasius and Constantine, is ascribed the introduction of the practice among Christians. It was probably by his advice that the Emperor commanded all the writings of Arius to be burnt, and anyone found in possession of them after the publication of the edict to be put to death. In 435 an Armenian Council ordered the destruction of the writings of Nestorius, whilst the Constantinopolitan one of 680 showed the same marks of attention to those of the "infallible" Pope Honorius.

Various devices were employed in England for the repression of heresy and false teaching. At first it was altogether a question of Church discipline, the bishops having sole jurisdiction in such cases; the punishments also were ecclesiastical penance and excommunication. But in 1382 the State began to interfere. The occasion arose from the dangerous doctrines Wyclif had set afloat on the subject of property - Wat Tyler's insurrection being

• Dictionnaire critique, littéraire et bibliographique des principaux livres condamnés au feu, supprimes ou censures. Par G: PEIGNOT. Paris: 1806.

an illustration of the extremes to which the Lollards were carrying that teaching. The insurrection itself began, indeed, upon other grounds, nor does it seem that Wyclif himself was in any way concerned with it; but Friar John Balle, whose famous text at Blackheath was,

"When Adam dalve and Eave span,

Who was then a gentleman?" confessed before his death that he had been for two years a pupil of Wyclif, and had no doubt derived thence, in part at least, his revolutionary principles. The bishops had no longer the power to suppress these inflammatory doctrines, for the preachers of them kept moving from one diocese to another, and denied at the same time the jurisdiction of the Ecclesiastical Courts. Parliament accordingly

passed an Act, directing the authorities "to arrest all such preachers, and to hold them in arrest and strong prison, till they will justify themselves to the law and reason of Holy Church." Still the mischief continued, and in 1401 a far more severe Act was passed, so well known as the Act "de hæretico comburendo."

The "protomartyr of Wycliffism," as Dean Milman calls him,* was W. Sawtree, at one time the priest of St. Margaret's, in King's Lynn, but then a preacher at St. Osyth's in the city of London. Before. coming to London he had been convicted of denying transubstantiation, a circumstance which, on his second trial, he had the audacity to say had never occurred. He was condemned as a relapsed heretic, and handed over to the civil authorities.

"Sawtree," says Dr. Shirley,t" is usually spoken of as the first victim of the statute de hæretico comburendo. But' it is remarkable that the writ for his execution appears on the Rolls of Parliament before the Act itself. This order may be merely a matter of arrangement, but it is observable that if the Act had been already passed, the writ would have been issued, as a matter of course, to the sheriff, and would never have appeared on the Rolls at all. It appears probable therefore that Sawtree suf

* History of Latin Christianity, vol. viii. p. 211, 3rd ed.

† Pref. to Fasciculi zizaniorum Magistri Johannis Wyclif cum tritico, in Rerum Britannicarum medii ævi Scriptores. (London: 1858.)

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