where it will be observed that A is the bar of the balance; now be directed to the secondary. The binding of B the primary compensation, and C the secondary, both C in the heat would carry the weight further from A and B being composed of compound lamina; D is the g, producing the same effect as though the weight of weight. Mr. Dent assumes, for the ground upon which the ordinary balance had been moved further along the he rests his improvement, that the lamina, as arranged rim. But now, supposing the length of C to be half the in the ordinary balance, decreases in motion the nearer it length of the lamina employed in the ordinary balance, approaches the centre; exactly the reverse of this, how-which is longer than it would be in reality, then the ever, takes place, as will be explained by the diagram, Fig, 4.

in this matter.

placed his machine at the disposal of all persons who felt
inclined to try it, with their own men, and their ores, and
mercury. The privilege thus freely offered has been
availed of by large numbers of mining gentlemen, and I
believe in every instance with an entire conviction that
the machine accomplished all that could be desired. The
best evidence of the sincerity of these convictions is to
be found in the very large number of machines that have
been ordered. I am at a loss to understand why Mr.
Phillips should undertake the guardianship of the public
The public generally manifests a wise
discrimination in the selection of the objects of its ap-
proval, and certainly the public of this country cannot
be accused of exhibiting an overweening fondness for
anything new. If any one has an inferior Machine to
Mr. Berdan's, the public ought not to desire that it should
succeed; if any one has invented a machine equally good,
the gold fields of the world are wide enough for both; if
any one has a Machine better than Mr. Berdan's, let him
bring it forth, and it must soon establish its character and
reap the reward it deserves.

Whether I have over-rated the value of Mr. Berdan's
machine may perhaps be seen from the Report of
Professor Ansted, in to-day's "Times" and Daily
News."
I am, Sir,

Your obedient Servant,
CHARLES F. STANSBURY.

Hampstead, Thursday, Dec. 8th.

Company to encourage the growth of strong hemp, &c in India. Attention had, however, been previously paid to this subject, but Dr. Roxburgh was subsequently employed in an experimental investigation and cultivation of various fibres which were produced in India, and which he said " may prove valuable substitutes for hemp and flax on some future day in Europe." (Vide "Trans. Society of Arts," vol. xxii., p. 389.) Of these fibres some have become extensive articles of commerce, as the_sun_of Bengal (Crotolaria juncea), the brown hemp of Bombay (Hibiscus cannabinus), and the Jute produced by different species of Conchorus, and which, though weak in fibre, is now imported here in such enormous quantities. But from its fineness, flexibility, and the facility with which it is spun, this is now used for many purposes. There is no doubt that several malvaceous plants of the East are possessed of similar properties.

Among the fibres, however, which Dr. Roxburgh submitted to examination, were some which were remarkable for their great strength, as for instance, the Caloce of Sumatra, and of which he obtained a few plants from Bencoolen, and cultivated them in the Botanic Garden at Calcutta. This he subsequently named Urtica tenacissima. He found that it could be cultivated with great ease, its stems cut four or five times in the year, and that though its fibres were separated with great difficulty, they were possessed of great strength, as well as fineness and soft. ness. He was informed by a friend at Canton that the grass-cloth of China was made from these fibres. In the

ON THE RHEEA FIBRE OF ASSAM, THE TRUE year 1811, three bales of this fibre were sent from the

CHINESE GRASS OF CHINA.

SIR, Observing that the "Journal of the Society of Arts" publishes notices of several Indian products which are likely to be of value as articles of commerce, when their properties become more generally known, and measures are adopted for obtaining them in larger quantities, I am induced to forward this paper. For thus, I believe, the producers in the East may be induced to collect or to cultivate, to prepare, and to send to the markets of Europe a new or little-known article, and take measures for keeping up a regular supply for such manufacturers as may be the first induced to supply them. Otherwise, if a planter, more enterprising than his neighbours, is induced to send a new thing to market, it is usually pronounced to be of "no value," because "not known in the market;" and the importer is sometimes advised to send it in larger quantities for a few years, when it will have a chance of being looked at, and its true value ascertained. The planter is not often inclined to follow this advice, for his first venture has probably been knocked down at a price which does not pay his expenses. The manufacturer, on the other hand, cannot be expected to employ an article with the properties of which he is but partially acquainted, or of which he is not well assured of having, in time, a regular supply and in sufficient quantities.

Calcutta Botanic Garden to the East India House. These the Court of Directors forwarded to Messrs. Sharpe, of Mark-lane, who reported that a thread spun of this fibre bore 252 lbs., whereas the weight required to be borne by Russian hemp of the same size in Her Majesty's Dock Yards was only 82 lbs. (Vide "Illustrated Catalogue" India, p. 883.) The Society of Arts, in the year 1814, awarded a silver medal to Captain J. Cotton, of the East India Company, for the introduction of this fibre, of which the reports were so favourable for strength and other qualities.

Since that time China grass has been imported on various occasions into this country, and the fibres have been skilfully prepared by different parties, so as to have the lustre and whiteness of silk. No less than three Prize Medals were awarded at the Great Exhibition for these beautiful preparations: that is, to Messrs. Wright and Co., of London; to Messrs. Marshall, and to Messrs. Hives and Atkinson, of Leeds. I believe that a fourth was awarded for the same fibre, though under a different name: that is, to Mr. Weber, of Java, for some beautiful fibre sent by the Singapore Committee, which he called ananas, or pine apple fibre; also Linum usitatissimum and Boehmeria candicans on the same label. Some difficulties, it is understood, are experienced in spinning this China grass, but they are difficulties which have been overcome Publicity, therefore, in such a journal as that of the by the Chinese, as they prepare from it their famous Society of Arts cannot fail to give information to con-grass-cloth. Sir W. Hookerinforms us (Vide "Kew Journ. sumers in Europe, at the same time that it will impart of Botany," vol. I., p. 25, and vol.¡III., p. 313) that he had confidence to planters and colonists in distant countries. obtained satisfactory information through Sir George By this means, therefore, I hope that the milky juice of Staunton and Dr. Wallich, that the so-called Chinese the Mudar, or Calotropis gigantea, as well as its fibre, will grass was the fil re of a plant called Urtica nivea by Linbecome sufficiently well known to induce parties in Indianæus, but Boehmeria nivea by Gaudichaud. This he also to collect sufficient quantities of both to allow of their identifies with the Urtica tenacissima of Dr. Roxburgh, properties and uses being fully investigated, so that they who, as we have seen, was long since informed that it may become established as articles of commerce. But yielded the Chinese grass fibre. The greatest difficulty, the difficulties are considerable, and the years rot a few, however, attending the employment of Chinese grass for which are consumed before a new thing can become esta textile fabrics in this country, has been caused by the high blished as an article in use, and consequently in demand. price to which it was constantly liable to rise, that is to Of the truth of this, there is probably no better instance 501., and even 1201., a ton. than the subject to which I wish to call the attention of your readers, and that is-a fibre which is neither new to the Society of Arts nor to Mark-lane. It is probably un known to most people, that in the year 1803, the Lords of the Privy Council for Trades and Foreign Plantations, recommended to the Court of Directors of the East India

At the same time that the above Prize Medals were awarded for China grass, honourable mention was made of Major Hannay and Captain Reynolds, as well as of Baboos Deena Nath and Lokinath, for sending specimens *See "Productive Resources of India,' by J. F. Royle'

p.

108.

of Rheea fibre, which is used in Assam for making fishing Newspapers. It is remarkable how apposite are the lines and nets. The same fibre was also sent from Rurg arguments at the present time, after the lapse of nearly pore and from Singapore. The "Journal of the Ag-quarter of a century. It may help the Institutes in Horticultural Society of Calcutta" contains numerous Union to some points, when they present their petitions notices of the same fibre being found in various localities: next session for the repeal of the Stamp duty. as in Cachar, in the Shan province of Ava, in Tenasserim, Your obedient servant, as well as in Rungpore and throughout Assam, down to Siam, Singapore, and Sumatra, as well as Java; though under the different names of Rami, Calloee, Rheea, Kankkoora, Pan, &c., being everywhere employed for making the strongest fishing-lines and nets, also for cordage and for weaving both a stout and a fine kind of cloth.

It is not surprising, therefore, that so many individuals have endeavoured to draw attention to this fibre, though without success in making it known to the commercial world. A fresh impulse was given to this subject when one of the educated Chinese, introduced into Assam on account of the tea manufactory established in that valley, recognised the Rheea of Assam to be identical with the Chu-Ma, or China grass of his own country. The AgriHorticultural Society of India obtained specimens from Dr. Macgowan, settled at Ningpo, of the Chu-Ma. These Dr. Falconer, Superintendent of the Calcutta Botanic Garden, found to be "the same plant as the Boehmeria nivea of botanists, described under the name of Urtica tenacissima by Roxburgh." He further says, "The specimens from China correspond exactly with those grown in the Botanic Garden, with which I have compared them." Finally, Mr. W. Sangster, of this capital, who was well acquainted with the properties of the original China grass, obtained some specimens of the Rheea grass from Assam, and found them for all practical purposes to be the same. These were shown in the Great Exhibition of 1851.

F. S.

The Right Honourable the Lords Spiritual and Temporal, of
the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, in
Parliament assembled.

The Petition of the undersigned Inhabitants of the City of
London,

HUMBLY SHEWETH,

munity is invariably commensurate with the progress of knowThat your Petitioners believe the prosperity of every comledge, and that a people trained in habits of reading and reflection will possess more resources for the creation of wealth, and the promotion of their own happiness, than it would be possible for them to command while in a state of ignorance.

That it is therefore the first duty of a state to remove every obstacle to the diffusion of knowledge, and to give the greatest facilities for the circulation of all known facts, and the free discussion of all opinions.

That your petitioners have seen with regret that the duties have all the pernicious effects of TAXES ON KNOWLEDGE, and now levied upon newspapers, advertisements, paper, and books, tend directly to check, and limit the spread of information among the people.

That the duty on newspapers in particular produces the following evil results :

1. It places beyond the reach of the poor man that kind of information which is the most calculated to interest his mind, and rouse its dormant powers into activity, namely that which is emphatically news, and relates to the stirring incidents of the day.

2. It excludes him from all knowledge of the proceedings of the legislature, and of the laws which he is called upon to obey. 3. It deprives him of the means of learning how those laws are administered, and of profiting by the example of those who may incur legal penalties; the only reports of the proceedings of the courts of law, and of the police-offices, being given in the newspapers.

4. It keeps him in ignorance of the various relations of society, the duties of citizens, the best markets for labour, the means of bettering his condition, and of an immense variety of miscellaneous intelligence, for which a newspaper is the only cfficient channel of general communication.

5. It exposes him to the influence of cheap and inflammatory publications, which it has been found the law cannot put down, while journals of a better class, which would counteract the evil, are to him rendered inaccessible.

house.

Though Major Jenkins was the first to call attention to the Rheea grass of Assam. Major Hannay has most perseveringly inquired into the culture and preparation of this fibre, so as to bring it into notice as a commercial article, and has for this purpose forwarded, in conjunction with Captain Dalton, ten bales of the cultivated and five of the wild Rheaa fibre, to the Indian Government. These have arrived at the India House, and specimens are sent to the Society of Arts, for the inspection of members, and in order to ascertain the probable value of these fibres in the English market, so that planters may be induced to grow and collect them in large quantities for export to Europe. The Rheea plant is already cultivated by the natives of Assam to make fishing-lines and nets. Its shoots can be cut down several times a year, and its fibres they know 6. It is an incentive to intemperance, as the poor man, in how to separate. Major Hannay has been able to improve search of a situation, can only obtain a sight of the advertisethe process by the assistance of the Chinese in Assam.ments in a sevenpenny journal, by calling for liquor in a public Captain Thompson, of the house of Thompson & Co., ropemakers, of Calcutta, found the Rheea fibre from Rungpore to be three times stronger than the best Russian hemp, and the wild Rheea everything that could be desired for ropemaking, though the cultivated kind, probably from a difference in the preparation, he thought a little too rigid for the running rigging of ships. But as there is no doubt of the strength and flexibility of their fibres, it is to be hoped that they will, when more generally known, be more extensively employed for ropemaking both in India and England, especially as they can be produced at a price under that of Russian hemp. Neither the royal nor mercantile navy need therefore be restricted to European sources of supply for this essential part of their equipment, but as the Rheca of Assam, like the Chu-Ma of China, produces fibres of different degrees of fineness, according as they are taken from the later or the earlier crops, so may they, though rivalling those of grass cloth in fineness, exceed those of Russian or of Polish hemp in strength.

J. FORBES ROYLE, M.D.

STAMP ON NEWSPAPERS. SIB,-The following form of petition was prepared in the year 1830, praying for the repeal of the Stamp on

7. By limiting the number of purchasers, and thereby diminishing the chances of successful competition, it gives to a few leading journals a species of monopoly, and a power in the direction of public opinion, which is often productive of great injury, while, if the duty were withdrawn, newspapers would become so numerous and cheap, that no individual would confine his reading to one journal, and in accustoming himself to judge betwen conflicting accounts and opposite opinions, he would be less likely than he now is, to be deceived by ex-parte statements and interested falsehoods.

That your petitioners have remarked that the class the most dangerous to life and property, the turbulent peasantry of Ireland, and the incendiaries of England, are at the same time the rarely see either books or newspapers during their whole lives. most ignorant and uneducated cla s, and consist of persons who

That your petitioners are of opinion that even the arbitrary and intolerant principle of a censorship, upon all cheap political publications, would be preferable to a system which prohibits them altogether; and that no financial considerations can justify the raising of any portion of the revenue by means which tend to keep the people in a state of intellectual and moral debase

ment.

That your petitioners have never heard any argument against the removal of the duties which impede the circulation of the newest kinds of intelligence, that has not been urged against, and does not equally apply to the very existence of the press, and that such fiscal restrictions cannot be consistently defended,

BOSTON.-The lecture season at the Athenæum was commenced about a month since by the Vicar (the Rev. G. B. Blenkin), who lectured on the "Advantages of Literature." On the 25th ultimo, a lecture was delivered by the Rev. A. Lunn (Unitarian). It was entitled, “A Glance at the Freedom of Slavery of Europe." There are at the present time 420 members. The committee have determined on getting up an Exhibition, to be opened after Christmas. Mr. J. W. Bontoft, the Honorary Secretary, will be glad to receive communications on the subject from kindred institutions, and from any one interested in Wed. such matters.

MEETINGS FOR THE ENSUING WEEK. London Inst., 7.-Mr. J. Phillips, "On the Philosophy of Geology."

MACCLESFIELD.-The eighteenth Annual Meeting of the Society for Acquiring Useful Knowledge, was celebrated in the Town Hall, on Wednesday se'nnight, the President of the Society, John Brockelhurst, Esq., M.P. in the chair. The President remarked that the success of the Society was proved by the fact that upwards of 5,000 young men had passed through it, some deriving great and lasting advantages from it, some lesser, but all of them some benefit. The trade of the country was now in difficulties-in a panic and dilemma-and he THURS. could assign no stronger reason for Macclesfield feeling so little of it, but that the public were better instructed than elsewhere how to manage their own business, and, as the saying was, "to keep the wolf from the door." And he SAT. was sure that in this respect they were deeply indebted to this institution. He could scarcely hear of a manufacturing house in the town where there was not one or more of the young men educated in the institution assisting in the business. They exhibited a greater degree of intelligence than others; and we all know that upon that intelligence, next to Providence, prosperity mainly depends. The report of the Committee, which was read by Mr. Curwen, the honorary secretary, stated that, since the last general meeting, an additional subscription eading-room had been erected, and that the accommodation for reading now provided for the members was not surpassed by any institution of a similar kind in the kingdom. The reading-rooms were now supplied with ten daily and thirteen weekly newspapers, in addition to five weekly and thirty-two monthly periodicals. An addition of four hundred volumes has been made to the library; and a donation of 201. had been received from Mr. T. Brocklehurst, in aid of the library fund. The classes were in a very prosperous and improving condition, both as respects the numbers in attendance and the progress of the pupils. The annual receipts of the society during the year had been 5667. 13s. 6d. ; the expenditure had been 5627. 12s. 7d leaving a balance with the treasurer of 41. Os. 11d. The Rev. C. A. J. Smyth moved, and Mr. E. C. Egerton, M.P., seconded, the adoption of the report, which was carried unanimously. The president then proceeded to read the reports of the teachers, and the adjudication of the prizes, after which their presentation to the successful members took place.

To Correspondents.

Brit. Architects, 8.

Geographical, 8.-Lieut.-Gen. Jochmus, second portion of the paper, "Journey into the Balkan or Mount Haemus; with a description of the defiles through this celebrated mountain-range, and a comparison of the routes pursued by Darius, Hystapes, Alexander the Great, and Marshal Diebitch." Syro-Egyptian, 7.-1. Mr. Black, "On the Sauds of the Valley of the Nile." 2. Dr. Camps, “On certain Notices of early Egyptian Chemistry." 3. Mr. Hesley, "On some Small Stamped Terra Cottas, supposed to be Coin, found at Palmyra." 4. Dr. Loewe, "Origin of the name Memphis, and translation of an Inscription on a Bust excavated at Palmyra." 5. Mr. Ainsworth, "On the Mounds of North Syria."

Civil Engineers, 8.-Discussion of Mr. J. T. Harrison's paper on The Drainage of the District South of the Thames."

66

PATENT-RIGHT.-A correspondent suggests that it would be very desirable to ascertain, What is the amount of money paid per annum for Patent-right by the Metal Trades or Manufactures of this country?

PHOTOGRAPHIC EXHIBITION.-The Council of the Photo

graphic Society have determ ned to open an exhibition on Mon-
day the 2nd of January, representing the progress made since
Daguerreotypes and
the exhibition at the Society of Arts.
photographs will be shown, and also coloured pictures in either
men of each coloured picture. It will be opened to all the
branch, provided they are accompanied by an untouched speci-
world, and will he held at the Society of British Artists in
Suffolk-street.

THE ATLANTIC AND PACIFIC JUNCTION COMPANY.-The
governments of this country, of France, and of the United
States have at length resolved to afford the necessary assistance,
in the shape of an armed force and a staff of engineers, for
completing and authenticating before the world the survey of a
route for the proposed inter-oceanic cut navigable for vessels of
any
size across the Isthmus of Darien. It will be recollected
that this undertaking, of which Dr. Cullen must be regarded as
the originator, was coldly received by the public in consequence
of the large sum (£15,000,000 sterling) demanded for its com-
pletion, and the imperfect character of the report made upon it
by Mr. Lionel Gisborne, the chief engineer of the Company.
It was contended that the first efforts of the Company should
be directed to the task of obtaining a more thorough and satis-
factory survey of the route, and of collecting data upon which
the public might be able to form a definite opinion as to the
practicability of the enterprise. The want of means and other
difficulties would probably have delayed for some time the ac-

MR. CHARLEY'S fifth letter, on "Flax and its Products in complishments of these objects; but, with a generous solicitude Ireland," is unavoidably deferred till next week.

for the success of an undertaking so long the dream of great

minds, and so important to the commerce and civilisation of the world, the three leading maritime powers have come forward and offered their assistance. The Government of the United States, having the largest interest in the matter,led the way,but England and France have not been slow to follow the example. On the 17th of this month the West India mail steamer, which starts from Southampton, will carry out to Panama the Government officers and the officials of the Company who are to constitute the British portion of the surveying expedition. Mr Lionel Gisborne and Mr. Ford are, of course, to go out on the part of the Company, and will now be enabled to complete their surveys of the route without encountering the dangers to which they were formerly exposed. Dr. Cullen also accompanies the expedition, and will be its pioneer. At Jamaica the explorers will be joined by a staff of engineers from the United States, under the command of Lieutenant Strange, and they will then proceedwhith two British men-of-war, the French flag-ship from Martinique, and the American Syana, to Caledonie Bay, where their operations will commence. A third vessel from our fleet in the Pacific will, at the same time, be sent round to the Gulf of St. Miguel, and co-operate from that side, so that all difficulties prescribed by the wooded character of the proposed route. and by hostile Indian tribes, will be effectually overcome. A more important expedition for the commerce and civilisation of the whole world has seldom been undertaken, and, looking at the magnitude of the results depending upon it, while all must wish it good speed, the only wonder is that it should have been so long deferred.

PATENT LAW AMENDMENT ACT, 1852.

APPLICATIONS FOR PATENTS AND PROTECTION ALLOWED.

From Gazette, 2nd December, 1853.
Dated 9th August, 1853.

1853. H. des Montis, Paris, and 16 Castle street, Holborn-Improved
system of publicity.

Dated 5th October, 1853. 2272. A. Turiff, Paisley-Retarding apparatus for preventing accidents on railways.

2278. H. Stevens, Trafalgar square-Preserving vegetable substances. Dated 11th October, 1853.

2328. J. C. Sharp, Paisley-Preventing accidents on railways.

Dated 12th October, 1853.

2344. R. W. Waithman, Bentham House, Yorkshire-Apparatus for applying paint, &c., and for cleaning carriages, &c.

Dated 14th October, 1853.

2364. W. Jones, Porchester street, Hyde park square-Compound for curing cuts, burns, &c.

Dated 21st October, 1853.

2432. J. G. Marshall and P. Fairbairn, Leeds-Combing machinery.

Dated 27th October, 1853.

&c.

furnaces.

2647. A. Delcambre, Paris-Machinery for distributing type.
Dated 16th November, 1853.
2649. Lieutenant P. A. Halkett, R.N.-Lifting and lowering ships,
2651. J. W. Wayte, Gate street, Lincoln's inn fields-Self-feeding
2653. P. Hill, Gravel House, Coggleshall, Essex-Weaving plush, &c.
(A communication.)
2655. J. H. Johnson, 47 Lincoln's inn fields-Thrashing machines-
(A communication.)
2657. J. Ferguson, Heathfield, Lanarkshire-Furnaces and preven-
2659. T. Jackson, Commercial road, Pimlico-Hat manufacture.
2661. G. Carter, Mottingham, Kent-Steam-engine boiler, furnaces,
2663. G. Dugmore and G. H. Millward, Birmingham-Signalling and
communicating on railway trains.
2669. T. Bourne, West Smithfield-Construction of buckles.
2665. W. Ashton, Manchester-Machinery for manufacturing braid.
2671. R. Griffiths, 444 Strand-Propelling vessels.

tion of smoke.

&c.

Dated 17th November, 1853.

2672. P. F. Keogh and W. A. Wilson, Liverpool-Steam-engines.
Dated 18th November, 1853.
2673. P. M. Parsons, Duke street, Adelphi-Railway and other
carriages.
2674. A. Guy, 32 Upper Rosamond street, Clerkenwell-Portable
2675. C. and J. Fernihough, Dukinfield, Cheshire-Machinery for
water-closet.
wringing, twisting, glossing, &c., silk, cotton, &c.
2676. T. Holmes, Pendleton, Lancashire-Ventilating drying stoves.
2677. J. Gale, Junior, Edinburgh-Electro-magnetic engines.
2678. A. F. Rémond, Birmingham-Steam-boilers.
2679. W. Taylor, 16 Park street, Gloucester gate, Regent's park-
Anchors.

2680. J. Melville, Roebank Works, Lochwinnoch, Renfrewshire-
Printing textile fabrics.
2681. J. B. Clavières, Paris, and 4 South street, Finsbury-Mode of
giving publicity.

2682. M. Poole, Avenue road, Regent's park-Condensers, evapo-
rators, and heaters for steam-engines. (A communication.)
2683. P. B. O'Neill, Paris-Perforated buttons. (A communication.)
2685. H. R. Cottam, 1A, Sussex terrace, Hyde park gardens-Port-
2684. J. H. Brown, Arthur-seat, Aberdeen-Artificial skins.

able houses.

2686. J. Rice, Foley place, and W. Matthews, Portugal-street-In-
strument for taking and applying vaccine matter.
2687. R. S. Norris, Warrington, Lancashire, and E. Talbott, Crewe,
Cheshire-Manufacture of iron.

Dated 19th November, 1853.
2688. J. Harris, Hanwell-Heating water.
2690. M. Poole, Avenue road, Regent's park-Breech-loading fire-
arms, &c. (A communication.)

2691. W. Austin, 27 Holywell street-Tiles and tubes.
2692. E. Rowland, Mossley, Belfast-Apparatus to be applied to a
railway truck, for sounding a whistle and putting such truck
in motion.

2693. T. J. Dimsdale, Dublin-Use of certain substances for defe-
cation, &c., of saccharine juices, &c., and for neutralising
noxious gaseв.

2694. J. G. Potter and R. Mills, Darwen, Lancashire-Carpet manufacture.

2490. W. McNaughton, Manchester-Printing yarns for weaving 2695. E. Wharton, Birmingham-Railway wheels. carpets, also printing carpets, &c.

Dated 28th October, 1853.

2499. W. Thompson, 6 Clayton street, Lambeth-Instantaneously extinguishing fires.

Dated 1st November, 1853.

2520, J. Bottomley, Bradford-Ornamenting textile fabrics.

2698. W. H. Tucker and W. R. Reeves, Tiverton-Locks.
2699. J. Scott, Junior, Greenock-Steering vessels.
2700. H. Wigglesworth, Newbury-Improvement in pistons.
2702. Sir J. S. Lillie, C.B., 4 South street, Finsbury-Apparatus for
producing carburetted hydrogen gas. (A communication.)
2703. R. J. Sibbald, Paddington, Edgehill, West Derby-Commu-
nicating from vessels to the shore, &c.
2704. A. Radcliffe, Chichester place, King's cross-Improved glaziers'
diamond.

2705. J. Cashmore, Bevis Marks-Communicating signals on rail-
ways.
Dated 22nd November, 1853.
2708. W. Greaves, Leeds-Indicator-alarum, applicable to railways.
2709. A. Bain, Paddington-Card cases.

2631. J. T. C. Hill and E. Cottrill, Birmingham-Stamps and presses, 2711. A. Bird, Birmingham-Communicating signals on railways.

2713. F. Meyer, Paradise street, Lambeth-Treating fatty matters
for candles.

2714. F. Levick and J. Fieldhouse, Cwm Celyn, Blaina Ironworks,
Monmouthshire-Machinery for raising coals and minerals.
2715. F. Meyer, Paradise street, Lambeth-Bleaching oils and fats.
2717. W. Pegg, Leicester-Instrument for cutting out garments, &c.,
2716. C. Ramsay, North Shields-Ships' and other pumps.
and grinding cutters for same.

2718. F. Arding, Uxbridge-Machinery for cutting, &c., vegetable
substances.

2643. C. E. Blank, Trump street, London-Winding yarn into hanks. 2719. B. Burleigh, Great Northern Railway, King's cross-Railway (A communication.)